US08411887B2
A hearing aid (51) includes: a sound collecting unit (500) configured to collect one of propagation sounds respectively output from external apparatuses; a radio wave receiving unit (560) that is an exemplary receiving unit configured to receive transmission audio signals transmitted from the respective external apparatuses; a comparing unit (550) configured to compare the propagation sound collected by the sound collecting unit (500) with each of the transmission audio signals received by the radio wave receiving unit (560), and select one of the transmission audio signals that corresponds to the propagation sound; and a sound output unit (520) configured to output, to the user, the sound obtained from the transmission audio signal selected by the comparing unit.
US08411880B2
Sound signal reception is improved by utilizing a plurality of microphones to capture sound signals which are then weighed to dynamically adjust signal quality. A first sound signal and a second sound signal are obtained from first and second microphones, respectively, where the first and second sound signals originate from one or more sound sources. A first signal characteristic (e.g., signal power, signal signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) is obtained for the first sound signal and a second signal characteristic is obtained for the second sound signal. The first and second sound signals are weighed or scaled based on their respective first and second signal characteristics. The weighed first and second sound signals are then combined to obtain an output sound signal.
US08411877B2
An integrated audio codec includes a high-pass filter to prevent damage to personal computer speakers and other components. The audio codec may be compliant with HD audio standards and can operate with generic software drivers. Tuning of the high-pass filter is provided through an external pin-out where either an external capacitor or external resistors provide an ability to tune the high-pass filter. In one implementation, a tuning voltage is digitized into a tuning code used by a digital high-pass filter. In addition, multiplexers can be used to insure only the audio path leading to the speakers is filtered.
US08411874B2
The subject matter of this specification can be embodied in, among other things, a computer-implemented method for removing noise from audio that includes building a sound model that represents noises which result from activations of input controls of a computer device. The method further includes receiving an audio signal produced from a microphone substantially near the computer device. The method further includes identifying, without using the microphone, an activation of at least one input control from among the input controls. The method further includes associating a portion of the audio signal as corresponding to the identified activation. The method further includes applying, from the audio model, a representation of a noise for the identified activation to the associated portion of the audio signal so as to cancel at least part of the noise from the audio signal.
US08411872B2
An adaptive control unit is described for receiving an analog input signal containing at least an indication of a parameter to be controlled to generate an analog output signal for control of the parameter. The analog input signal contains a fed back component resulting from the analog output signal. The adaptive control unit comprises an analog filter having an adjustable gain, a gain adjuster for adjusting the gain of the analog filter using a feedforward adjustment method, and a filter for compensating for the fed back component in the analog input signal.
US08411853B2
An apparatus having a first circuit and a second circuit is disclosed. The first circuit may be configured to (i) generate second Galois Field elements by performing a first Galois Field inversion on first Galois Field elements, the first Galois Field inversion being different from a second Galois Field inversion defined by an Advanced Encryption Standard and (ii) generate third Galois Field elements by multiplying the second Galois Field elements by an inverse of a predetermined matrix. The second circuit may be configured to (i) generate fourth Galois Field elements by processing the third Galois Field elements in a current encryption round while in a non-skip mode, (ii) generate fifth Galois Field elements by multiplying the fourth Galois Field elements by the predetermined matrix and (iii) present the fifth Galois Field elements as updated versions of the first Galois Field elements in advance of a next encryption round.
US08411852B2
The present invention applies with a diffused mechanism, as such, a variable series of diffusion functions embedded within a diffusion-medium, to generate a maximum diffusion-cycle and nonlinear complexity; additionally, it performs in a serial process for simple design, further, in a parallel process for saving time, or even in a hardware architecture, to gain greater acceleration. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention in flow chart diagram form, comprising steps of: selecting a diffusion-area A, a diffusion-medium S, and a diffusion mechanism Ft1 100; initializing A by an input password 200; performing Ft1 to obtain a new value of A 300; inputting a plaintext in encryption or a ciphertext for decryption, bit by bit 400; XORing a plaintext bit in encryption or a ciphertext bit in decryption with a certain bit of A for stream output 500; continuing until completing the plaintext in encryption, or the ciphertext in decryption 600.
US08411849B1
A personal electronic device storage apparatus includes a portable storage case including a body having a divider wall statically seated therein. A first cavity is disposed above the divider wall for containing the personal electronic device therein. A second cavity is disposed below the divider wall. A lead plate seated within the first cavity for preventing electromagnetic waves from passing through the body. First and second retractable cords are rotatably disposed within the second cavity, and first and second holders attached to distal ends of the first and second retractable cords respectively. At least one of the first and second holders may be capable of may be tethered to the personal electronic device. Such a structural configuration provides the unexpected and unpredictable advantage of shielding the personal electronic device from electromagnetic waves while keeping it tethered to the storage case.
US08411846B2
In one embodiment, the present invention is a method for detecting an echo path change (EPC) in a telecommunications network. The method detects whether the effectiveness of echo cancellation of an echo canceller has decreased relatively significantly. Once a relatively significant decrease is detected, the method determines whether the decrease was an EPC or an inadvertent detection of double talk (DT). In particular, the method considers whether echo is effectively cancelled over a hangover period. Further, echo return loss (ERL) estimates are generated over the hangover period and compared to a lowest-possible ERL for the network. If both (1) echo cancellation is ineffective and (2) a sufficient number of ERL estimates are not below the worst-case ERL, then an EPC decision is made. If either (1) echo cancellation is effective or (2) a sufficient number of ERL estimates are below the worst-case ERL, then a DT decision is made.
US08411843B1
The present invention, in one embodiment, is directed to an agent available notifier 250 that (a) receives a request from the first customer, but not from the second customer, to be notified when the first contact is eligible for servicing by a selected resource so that the first customer is free to perform a desired activity and (b) in response to the first customer's request, provides the first customer with a selected notification that the first contact is eligible for servicing, wherein the second customer is not provided with the selected notification when the second contact is eligible for servicing.
US08411841B2
Some general aspects of the invention relate to systems and methods for improving contact center agent performance, for instance, by integrating real-time call monitoring with speech analytics to present agents with information useful to the handling of the current calls. In some implementations, phonetically based speech analysis techniques are applied to process live audio streams to identify key words and/or phrases of relevance, based on which knowledge articles can be selectively presented to agents to drive more efficient business processes.
US08411817B2
The present invention refers to the process of determination of light elements, i.e., molar mass lower than 23, within inorganic materials, by means of spectra analysis between 5 keV and 22 keV, obtained from these materials when exposed to X radiation. Particularly, the invention refers to the direct determination of carbon content in steel and alloys. According to the invention process, the inorganic materials are exposed to X radiation and the spectra are organized as a matrix and mathematically processed using chemometric tools properly selected.
US08411809B2
A cosite interference cancellation system is provided for improved rejection of a signal coupled from a transmission antenna into a local receive antenna in the presence of local multipath. The cosite interference cancellation system and associated method advantageously provide improved signal rejection by continuously controlling (adjusting) a matching time delay to reduce cosite interference.
US08411804B2
A digital PWM demodulator includes a first set of delay cells to receive a PWM signal and to propagate the PWM signal in a forward direction for a first interval. Delayed signals obtained at the end of the first interval are propagated in the reverse direction through the delay cells for a second interval. A logic zero feeds into the last cell at the start of the second interval. The output of a last cell in the delay cells at the end of the second interval is indicative of a data value modulated on the PWM signal. The digital PWM demodulator includes a second set of delay cells designed to operate identical to the first set of delay cells. The first set of delay cells and the second set of delay cells in conjunction with additional digital circuitry demodulate alternate periods of the PWM signal.
US08411800B2
A TPS decoder for a DVB-T digital television system includes an input signal estimator, a masking device, a vector index determinator and a lookup table device. The input signal estimator receives a plurality of frequency-domain input signals and a plurality of channel measure signals to thereby produce a plurality of estimated input signals. The masking device performs a masking operation on the estimated input signals to thereby produce a plurality of masking signals. The vector index determinator is based on the masking signals to determine a vector index corresponding to the frequency-domain input signals. The lookup table device is based on the vector index to produce a codeword.
US08411795B2
A digital phase shifter suitable for high power RF applications is disclosed. A plurality of MEMs switches selectively couple delay lines into the RF signal path providing adjustable phase shift under digital control. 90 degree hybrid combiners on either side of the MEMs switches allow two signal paths to be used in combination to provide a desired number of phase shift steps with a reduced number of delay lines and switches and with lower power level on each path.
US08411790B2
Apparatus and system for communicating data via a power line. The apparatus comprises a transmitter comprising a modulator for generating a second digital signal based on input data; a digital buffer for amplifying the second digital signal to generate a third digital signal; a filter for filtering the third digital signal to generate an analog output waveform; and a coupler for coupling the analog output waveform to the power line.
US08411785B2
A method to achieve full diversity without sacrificing bandwidth and with a linear complexity in a wireless system includes the steps of orthogonally transmitting a plurality of signals utilizing multiple antennas using a corresponding plurality of precoders in a plurality of time slots, which precoders are designed using the channel information to cancel interference among the plurality of signals while achieving a maximum possible diversity of NM with low complexity for at least two users each having N transmit antennas and one receiver with M receive antennas, separating the signals in the receiver using the orthogonality of the transmitted signals, and decoding the signals independently to provide full diversity to the at least two users.
US08411782B2
In one embodiment, a method includes receiving input data bits at a collective data rate, the input data bits being grouped into a plurality of input data words, the input data bits of each of the input data words being received from n parallel input-data-bit streams, each of the n parallel input-data-bit streams having a stream data rate that is 1/n of the collective data rate, each of the input data words comprising n consecutive ones of the input data bits; selecting particular input data bits; and generating a k-bit deskew channel with the selected input data bits, the deskew channel comprising a number of frames, each of the frames comprising x input data bits from one or more input data words and one or more framing bits. In another embodiment, a method includes using such a deskew channel to determine relative delays between data channels and the deskew channel.
US08411781B2
Varying embodiments of the present invention provide a MIMO apparatus, such as a transceiver and a method of operation thereof. In an embodiment, the transceiver employs a parallelized., two-stage pipeline architecture that reduces the overall latency of the system. This reduction in latency translates to cost savings and higher data rates for the same hardware clock speed.
US08411776B2
A system and method for the quantization of channel state vectors is provided. A method for communications node operation includes measuring a communications channel between the communications node and a controller, generating channel state information based on the measurement, computing a bit representation of the channel state information, transmitting the bit representation to the controller, and receiving a transmission from the controller. The computing makes use of tail-biting trellis decoding, and the transmission makes use of the channel state information transmitted by the communications node.
US08411764B2
A system and method for communicating with contactless IC cards of multiple protocols includes transmitting an IC card polling signal and receiving a data transmission from an IC card. A processor is configured to determine whether or not a data transmission is received in response to the polling signal. The processor is configured to decode the data transmission in real-time if it is received in response to the polling signal. The processor is otherwise configured to first store the received data transmission in a memory and then decode the stored data transmission.
US08411762B2
In one embodiment of the invention, a memory receives unsynchronized data and a processor performs symbol interleaving at a synchronization point located after a beginning of a superframe.
US08411756B2
A method and system for generation of a block mode conversion table for use in online transcoding of a sequence of input images in a first format to a sequence of output images in a second format are described. The table is based on a sequence of training images and provides an effective mapping between the encoding block modes and respective candidate transcoding block modes used during the online transcoding. The method utilizes the encoding block mode, the motion vectors and the residual information extracted during the decoding of the training image to generate the block mode conversion table. A corresponding system is also provided.
US08411754B2
A computer-implemented method for creating in the encoded domain one or more video frames from a compressed still video image wherein image content in the created video frames is translated in location by panning or scrolling or a combination thereof on a non-block basis (i.e. pixel-level). A new block formed from portions of two other blocks is created by processing the original two blocks with identity matrices based upon the shift amount. By performing the creation process in the encoded domain processing power requirements are reduced and image quality is increased.
US08411752B2
A system for creating a video signature, including a video retrieval module to retrieve a video sequence having a plurality of frames, each of the frames including an image, a region definition module to define a plurality of image regions for the image of each of the frames, such that the image regions occupy the same portions of the image for each of the frames, a motion analysis module to calculate a plurality of motion vectors, such that one of the motion vectors is calculated for each of the image regions of each of the frames by comparison to the image of another one of the frames, each of the motion vectors having a direction of motion and a magnitude of motion, and a signature creation module to create the video signature including data indicative of the direction of motion and the magnitude of motion for each of the image regions of each of the frames. Related apparatus and methods are also described.
US08411750B2
Techniques for estimating global motion parameters based on block-based motion vectors are described. Horizontal and vertical motion parameters are estimated independently. A video processing device, in one example, generates horizontal motion parameter candidates for each row and vertical motion parameter candidates for each column, and selects the median of the horizontal motion parameter candidates as the global horizontal motion parameter and the median of the vertical motion parameter candidates as the global vertical motion parameter. The video processing device may further eliminate candidates by calculating error values for each candidate and remove those candidates with error values below an error threshold. The video processing device may also use pre-calculated values of matrices when calculating each of the candidates to further improve efficient calculation of the global motion parameters.
US08411744B2
The present invention provides a method of decoding a video signal. The method includes the steps of obtaining view information of a picture from the video signal and generating information for reference picture management using the view information.
US08411743B2
A computer-implemented method for encoding using feedback. A base layer of a current frame is encoded. The residue of the current frame is generated. The residue of the current frame is encoded. Also, in response to feedback from a receiver, a coding strategy for each block of the current frame is determined and coding is performed according to one or more of source coding and Wyner-Ziv coding. The feedback is based on the base layer of the current frame and previous correctly received enhancement frames.
US08411738B2
A vertical scrolling region detector may include a motion estimator that can generate motion vectors between blocks of two or more primary frames of a mixed-mode video sequence. The detector may also include a primary frame motion analyzer that can analyze the motion vectors to detect substantially constant vertical motion of at least some of the blocks between the two or more primary frames. The presence of substantially constant vertical motion may reflect the presence of a vertical scrolling region in the mixed-mode video sequence. Moreover, the detector may also include a consecutive frame motion analyzer that can calculate differences in pixel values between lines of two or more consecutive frames in the mixed-mode video sequence. The differences in pixel values may further reflect the presence of the vertical scrolling region in the mixed-mode video sequence.
US08411735B2
A data processing apparatus that processes image data of a moving image includes: an acquiring unit acquiring variations representing degrees of change in the image data, in a unit of picture; a display-type determining unit determining, on the basis of the variations in pictures, display types, which represent display methods in displaying the pictures, in a unit of picture; a display-type acquiring unit acquiring a display type for a picture designated by a picture-designation operating unit operated in designating a picture to be displayed; and a display control unit causing a display to display a picture with a display method represented by a display type for the picture.
US08411732B2
Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate equalization of received signals in a wireless communication environment. Using multiple transmit and/or receive antennas and MIMO technology, multiple data streams can be transmitted within a single tone. During equalization, receivers can separate data received within a tone into individual data streams. The equalization process generally is computationally expensive. Equalizer functions include the inverse operation, which can be computed using the fast square root method; however, the fast square root method involves large numbers of computations for a set of matrices, where the size of a matrix in the set of matrices increases with the number of transmit or receive antennas. Utilizing a modification of the fast square root method, a subset of the elements of the matrices can be selected and updated to reduce the number and/or complexity of computations.
US08411729B2
In a WCDMA network, a communication system may include a baseband processor that enables determination of a primary synchronization position and a plurality of scrambling codes based on received configuration information from at least one base station. The baseband processor may also determine a slot boundary in at least one signal received from the at least one base station based on the determined primary synchronization position. The baseband processor may concurrently apply segments of the plurality of scrambling codes to the received at least one signal. The segments of the plurality of scrambling codes are generated from a plurality of time shifted versions of one of the plurality of scrambling codes. The system may also include a multipath detector that enables unscrambling of the received at least one signal based on the determined slot boundary and at least a portion of the one or more scrambling codes.
US08411728B2
A MIMO pre-coding system for a delta quantizer for MIMO pre-coders with finite rate channel state information feedback may include quantizing a change in channel state information in a MIMO pre-coding system onto a codebook, which comprises one or more unitary matrices, using a cost function. The codebook may be generated based on at least the channel state information. The channel state information may comprise a matrix V and the cost function f(A) may be defined by the following relationship: f ( A ) = ( 1 N ∑ j = 1 N a jj 2 ) where A is a matrix of size N by N and aij is element (i,j) of matrix A. One or more unitary matrices may be generated from at least a first set of matrices and a second set of matrices, where the first set of matrices may comprise one or more Givens matrices. A dynamic range and a resolution of the codebook may be modified.
US08411724B2
A sill and door jamb assembly providing an opening in an electric arc furnace, the sill and door jamb assembly having a sill block assembly and two jamb block assemblies. The sill block assembly having side-by-side sill blocks, each of the sill blocks being positioned side-by-side to form the sill block assembly and having an upper end and a lower end. The lower end of the sill block assembly is confined within a plurality of courses of the refractory bricks. Each jamb block assembly having a plurality of jamb blocks positioned side-by-side. Each of the jamb block assemblies having a lower end and an inner surface abutting the distal ends of the sill block assembly. The inner surfaces of the jamb block assemblies and the upper surface of the sill block assembly form the slag opening in the furnace.
US08411721B2
Two excimer lasers have individual pulsing circuits each including a storage capacitor which is charged and then discharged through a pulse transformer to generate an electrical pulse, which is delivered to the laser to generate a light pulse. The time between generation of the electrical pulse and creation of the light pulse is dependent on the charged voltage of the capacitor. The capacitors are charged while disconnected from each other. The generation of the electrical pulses is synchronized by connecting the capacitors together for a brief period after the capacitors are charged to equalize the charging voltages. The capacitors are disconnected from each other before they are discharged.
US08411720B2
A system and method for automatically performing gas optimization after a refill in the chambers of a two chamber gas discharge laser such as an excimer laser is disclosed. The laser is continuously fired at a low power output, and the gas in the amplifier laser chamber bled if necessary until the discharge voltage meets or exceeds a minimum value without dropping the pressure below a minimum value. The power output is increased, and the gas bled again if necessary until the voltage and pressure meet or exceed the minimum values. The laser is then fired in a burst pattern that approximates the expected firing of the laser in operation, and the gas bled if necessary until the discharge voltage meets or exceeds the minimum value and the output energy meets or exceeds a minimum value, again without dropping the pressure in the chamber below the minimum value. Once the minimum values are provided, the process runs quickly without manual interaction.
US08411712B2
Apparatus and method for control of lasers (which use an array of optical gain fibers) in order to improve spectrally beam-combined (SBC) laser beam quality along the plane of the SBC fiber array via spectral-to-spatial mapping of a portion of the spectrally beam-combined laser beams, detection of optical power in each of the spatially dispersed beams and feedback control of the lasers for wavelength-drift correction. The apparatus includes a diffractive element; a source of a plurality of substantially monochromatic light beams directed from different angles to a single location on the diffractive element, wherein the diffractive element spectrally combines the plurality of light beams into a single beam. A controller adjusts characteristics of the light beams if one of the light beams has become misadjusted. In some embodiments, the controller adjusts the wavelength tuning of the respective fiber laser.
US08411710B2
The present invention relates to a laser apparatus with a structure for realizing a fast response in carrying out a start and an end of output of pulsed laser light while effectively suppressing damage to an optical amplifying medium. The laser apparatus is provided with a seed light source, an optical amplification section, a pulse modulator, a pump power controller, and a main controller. The pulse modulator receives an output start instruction and an output end instruction fed from the main controller and controls a start and an end of output of seed light from the seed light source. The pump power controller receives a pump trigger signal fed from the main controller and increases or decreases a power of pump light supplied to the amplification section. The main controller decreases the power of the pump light supplied to the amplification section, on the occasion of ending the output of the pulsed laser light, and thereafter makes the pulse modulator end the output of the seed light from the seed light source.
US08411708B2
A network may include an ingress node that is configured to receive a client signal having a client rate that is one of a multiple different client rates, asynchronously map the client signal into a first frame of a first rate, asynchronously map the first frame into a second frame of a second rate, and output the second frame on the network; an intermediate node that is configured to receive the second frame, recover the first frame from the second frame, asynchronously map the first frame into a third frame of a third rate, and output the third frame on the network, where the intermediate node does not recover the client signal from the first frame; and an egress node that is configured to receive the third frame, recover the first frame from the third frame, recover the client signal from the first frame, and output the client signal.
US08411698B2
A method and apparatus of accessing a channel in a wireless local area network is provided. A destination station receives a request to send (RTS) frame to allocate a network allocation vector from a source station over a first bandwidth and transmits a clear to send (CTS) frame over a second bandwidth to the source station in response to the RTS frame. The second bandwidth is dynamically determined when a first parameter has a predetermined value.
US08411694B1
In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises a plurality of queues and a queue scheduler configured to schedule frames from a plurality of Transmission Control Protocol flows. The frames are buffered through one of the plurality of queues based, at least in part on, a pre-assigned priority of the frames. Congestion control logic is configured to change a pre-assigned priority of selected frames from the plurality of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) flows to reduce TCP global loss synchronization among the plurality of TCP flows.
US08411675B2
The present invention provides a data device to speech service bridge. The bridge allows packet-based devices, such as, for example, the PDA and 2.5/3G cellular phone, to access voice services.
US08411667B2
Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to manipulate packet routing are disclosed. A disclosed example method includes extracting a destination address from a first packet, querying a route table based on the destination address to obtain a first label associated an egress router, querying the route table based on the destination address to obtain a second label associated with an interface of the egress router, forming a second packet from the first packet, the second packet including the first and second labels, and routing the second packet to the egress router based on the first label.
US08411659B2
In a method for controlling the data flow on a radio link between a WLAN base station and a WLAN mobile station, the data rate on the radio link is reduced for in each case one time period (36, 37) at time intervals (35). One preferred field of application for the method is to restrict general or unauthorized transmission of a telephone call via the Internet.
US08411655B2
A system and method for implementing an interactive session between a display equipment and a handheld electronic device is provided. The system has a display screen operable to display a data/information, a telecommunication network coupled with a local area network and a world wide web, a smart-IB box capable of sending and receiving a data/information, a system server capable of interpreting the received messages from the Smart-IB and a user's mobile phone. The method involves detecting a request by a mobile phone, initiating a user preferred schedule for pushing a data/information in response to the request, determining the installation of an interactive interface to access the various options available through the menus, receiving and processing the request, sorting the request for a scheduled data/information, relaying and displaying the scheduled data/information in accordance with a preferred schedule.
US08411649B2
A first wireless ad hoc network with a certain available amount of bandwidth comprises a plurality of wireless terminals communicating via wireless connections with each other. Each wireless connection requires a certain amount of the available amount of bandwidth. A problem occurs, if a wireless terminal wants to set up a new wireless connection requiring bandwidth or requires more bandwidth for an existing wireless connection and the required amount of bandwidth exceeds the left amount of the available amount of bandwidth of the first wireless ad hoc network. In a state of the art wireless ad hoc network the requested bandwidth cannot be provided and a user application may not be possible. According to the invention, however, the required amount of bandwidth can be provided by splitting the first wireless ad hoc network such that a second wireless ad hoc network is spawned which operates in a different communication channel and thus provides additional bandwidth. The second wireless ad hoc network comprises wireless terminals of the first wireless ad hoc network and/or new wireless terminals.
US08411648B2
Provided are a double linked wireless sensor network capable of performing bidirectional communication and a method of transmitting and receiving data. In each of nodes constituting the wireless sensor network, an active duration and an inactive duration are alternately repeated, and the active duration is configured to include an upstream duration, an intermission duration, and a downstream duration. Each of the downstream duration and the upstream duration is configured to sequentially include a second receive slot, a second receive processing slot, a first receive slot, a first receive processing slot, a transmit slot, a transmit processing slot, a first acknowledge slot, a first acknowledge processing slot, a second acknowledge slot, and a second acknowledge processing slot, and wherein bidirectional communication can be performed between the sink node and the terminal node in a single period of the active duration. In the wireless sensor network, a transmit processing duration TXP is maintained in a receiving mode capable of receiving data from other nodes, so that a new node can be easily joined as a terminal node or an intermediate node. In addition, in the wireless sensor network, each of the upstream duration and the downstream duration is provided with consecutive two receiving durations, so that, although links to consecutive two nodes are disconnected, it is possible to simply recover the links.
US08411644B2
Methods and apparatuses of transmitting a beacon using fragmentation are disclosed. One of the methods includes configuring a beacon in a manner that a schedule block selected for a specific wireless device (deice) only is included in an information element by a coordinator and transmitting the configured beacon to the specific wireless station directionally. Accordingly, an overhead of a beacon can be reduced in a manner of transmitting information specified to a station using a directional beacon or transmitting the beacon by dividing information contained in the beacon into several fragments.
US08411642B2
A random access method, an evolved Node B (eNB), and a terminal equipment are provided. The method includes: determining target component carriers to which a User Equipment (UE) is to be handed over, and notifying the UE of information about the target component carriers through a source eNB; and after receiving a dedicated random access preamble sent by the UE, sending a random access response message on at least one component carrier in the target component carriers. The terminal equipment includes: a handover command receiving unit, a sending unit, and a random response receiving unit. Therefore, in a random access procedure of cell handover, the eNB is capable of determining downlink component carriers that a UE monitors, thereby increasing utilization rate of downlink resources.
US08411640B2
A communication apparatus transmits a request message to connectable relay apparatuses, and receives a response message from the relay apparatuses. The communication apparatus determines whether the received request message includes the device identification data of a relay apparatus to which it is currently connected. If no received response message includes the device identification data of a relay apparatus to which it is currently connected, the communication apparatus requests another relay apparatus identified based on device identification data that is included in any of the received response messages to make a connection with the communication apparatus.
US08411630B2
A method and system by which a base station in a Wireless Regional Area Network (WRAN), and more generally a transceiver in a cognitive radio (CR) system, can communicate with other transceivers to fairly share transmission and reception of scheduled use (“occupancy”) of frames on a single channel within a frame-based, on demand spectrum contention system. The method and system disclose how the base station can initiate contentions for an increased share of the frames available in the following superframe of the CR system. The method and system assure fair and efficient access to the transmission channel by a random number based contention process.
US08411627B2
An approach is provided to support resource allocation of broadcast or paging control channels. It is determined whether resource is allocated for a logical control channel. One or more fields of a physical downlink control channel is defined to signal the resource allocation for the logical control channel. The physical downlink control channel has a first format to support transmission of data over a downlink channel, and a second format that includes the one or more fields to support allocation of the logical control channel.
US08411626B2
A method for handling Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH) transmission in a User Equipment (UE) of a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method includes steps of performing an UL-SCH transmission, and prioritizing a Message 3 (Msg3) transmission when the Msg3 transmission and a retransmission of a transport block (TB) already stored in an UL HARQ buffer of the UE are scheduled at the same time.
US08411612B2
Method of performing cooperative communication in wireless LAN includes determining, by receiver, whether cooperative communication is necessary based on transmission request signal provided from transmitter, when it is determined that the cooperative communication is necessary, transmitting, by the receiver, transmission response signal instructing the cooperative communication, overhearing, by a plurality of devices, the transmission response signal instructing the cooperative communication, transmitting, by at least one of the devices, response signal for supporting relaying to the transmitter, selecting, by the transmitter, a relay based on the response signal, transmitting, by the transmitter, data to the relay, and attaching, by the relay, data of the relay to the data transmitted by the transmitter and transmitting result data to the receiver. Thus, average transmission rate of wireless LAN can be improved with minimized overhead, and additional transmission opportunity can be provided to relaying device, thereby properly rewarding relaying device.
US08411608B2
A “Wi-Fi Multicaster” provides a practical and efficient Wi-Fi multicast system for environments having potentially large numbers of Wi-Fi clients. Significantly, the Wi-Fi Multicaster does not require any changes to the 802.11 protocol, or to the underlying Wi-Fi infrastructure. In various embodiments, the Wi-Fi Multicaster uses pseudo-broadcast, and augments it with destination control, association control and optional proactive FEC (forward error correction) to improve multicast performance. More specifically, the Wi-Fi Multicaster system converts multicast packets to targeted unicast transmissions. To minimize the amount of airtime consumed, the Wi-Fi Multicaster uses destination control in combination with various algorithms for association control. Further, in various embodiments, the Wi-Fi Multicaster includes an adaptive, proactive FEC scheme to reduce overall packet losses. Finally, to overcome the challenges posed by encryption protocols such as 802.1x, the Wi-Fi Multicaster uses a “virtual multicast interface” that allows clients to “share” a common key for each multicast.
US08411602B2
A radio communication apparatus performing time division duplex alternately switching a transmission period and a reception period by time dividing an identical frequency, includes the steps of: detecting a transmission signal to be transmitted to the antenna so as to perform radio transmission from an antenna commonly used for transmission and reception; and calculating a deviation time between the detection timing of the detected transmission signal and a preset reference timing, and for controlling switchover timing between the transmission period and the reception period based on the deviation time.
US08411599B2
Methods and apparatus are provided for a timeslot teleconference. A meeting invite is created for a timeslot teleconference on a computer. Timeslots are created for the timeslot teleconference in the meeting invite on the computer. Participants are designated for the timeslots in the meeting invite on the computer, and the timeslots are different time periods during the timeslot teleconference, which can have variable start and end times, as determined by a host. Reach numbers are added for each of the participants in the meeting invite on the computer, and the reach numbers are contact numbers to call the participants for their respective timeslots. The meeting invite is transmitted to participants on the computer. To participate in the timeslot teleconference, the timeslot teleconference is configured for the reach numbers to be called for the participants to correspond to their respective timeslots and/or the participants to call in for their respective timeslots.
US08411594B2
A system and method for providing group communication services is disclosed. Each of a plurality of group communication devices converts media, such as video, audio, image and/or data into data packets suitable for transmission over a data network, such as the Internet. The data packets are selectively transmitted through the data network to a communications manager. The communications manager acts as a configurable switch, allowing communications from any communication device to be selectively routed to the plurality of communication devices based on the types of the communication devices and/or the requests received from the corresponding users. The communications manager further allows users of other communication systems and devices to participate in group communications with each other.
US08411584B1
According to various embodiments of the invention, systems and methods for resource allocation and a wireless network provide information to other devices within the network such that a desired precondition may be met and the optimized maximal resource is allocated to the route. In particular embodiments, a network device is configured to append information regarding its available resources for a proposed route to a corresponding routing request. A destination node receiving the routing request provides instructions to the network devices constituting the route according to the earlier appended information.
US08411582B2
A user is prompted to turn on power supply of a device to be connected with a screen. When it is detected that the power supply is turned on, the screen is displayed for confirming a user whether the device whose power supply is turned on should be connected or not. Thus, connection is carried out. With such a method, a communication connection method capable of selecting a device to be connected reliably is provided.
US08411574B2
A shared memory packet switching device includes: a shared memory providing a shared memory space; an input logic unit associated with at least one receive port, and being operative to determine whether the associated receive port is saturated by determining whether a number of packets received via the associated receive port and currently stored in the shared memory exceeds a drop threshold value; a packet routing control unit operative to determine a destination one of the transmit ports for each of the received data packets; and an output logic unit associated with at least one of the transmit ports, the output logic unit being communicatively coupled with the packet routing control unit, and being operative to determine whether the associated transmit port is congested by determining whether a number of packets currently stored in the shared memory that are to be transmitted via the associated transit port exceeds a congestion threshold value, and also being operative to generate an associated output full signal indicative of whether the associated transmit port is congested. The input logic unit is responsive at least in part to each of the output full signals, and further operative to cause a selected packet received via the associated receive port to be dropped if the associated receive port is currently saturated and the output full signals indicate that a destination transmit port associated with the selected packet is currently congested.
US08411572B2
A network access unit of a communications network includes: a source data receiver module to receive first source data representing video content and second source data; a network control module to receive link condition data and configuration data, calculate priority data based on the link condition data and the configuration data, use the priority data to generate a master schedule indicating a first coding and modulation scheme for a first layer of the first source data and a second coding and modulation scheme for a second layer of the first source data, wherein at least one of the coding and modulation schemes for a next sequence is fixed relative to a present sequence; a pre-coder module to pre-code the first source data using pre-coding schemes to generate sets of representation data; and an ACM module to associate the sets of representation data with the coding and modulation schemes.
US08411568B2
An apparatus and method for routing IP traffic in real time from at least one network user to a plurality of internet links. Embodiments include assigning different ranks to different internet links based on network monitoring. In one embodiment, a system for routing internet traffic includes an internet route optimizer to generate routing instructions for incoming data packets using financial costs of routing data packets on the internet links and the temporal delay on each of the plurality of internet links. In another embodiment, a method to generate a routing instruction to route an internet data packet on one of a plurality of internet links includes generating a routing instruction for the incoming data packet which identifies the internet link corresponding to a financially least expensive of the plurality of internet links which provides less than a predetermined temporal delay.
US08411564B2
Disclosed herein are an architectural framework (1) of a communication network and a method of establishing QoS connection in a communication network. The architectural framework comprises of a plurality of Autonomous Systems (ASs) (2,3,4,11) connected to one another, each AS (2,3,4,11) being optionally connected to one or more users (5,6) and comprising at least one AS Designated Quality of Service Provider Entity (ADE) (7) and at least one gateway (8) communicating with the respective ADE (7).
US08411552B2
Provided are a cell search method, a frame transmission method thereof, and a forward link frame structure thereof. The cell search method used by a terminal to search a target cell using reception signals received from a plurality of base stations, each base station transmitting a frame of its cell, in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) cellular system comprising a plurality cells to which a cell-specific scrambling code is assigned includes: detecting a hopping pattern of the target cell using reception sync channel symbols, which are signals corresponding to sync channel symbol positions of the reception signals, wherein the frame of each cell comprises M sync channel symbols code-hopped according to a hopping pattern of the cell, where M is a natural number equal to or greater than 2, each hopping pattern containing M sync channel code sequences and respectively corresponding to each code group to which a scrambling code of each cell belongs, and an arbitrary hopping pattern used in the OFDM cellular system differs from a cyclically shifted result of the hopping pattern, other hopping patterns, or cyclically shifted results of the other hopping patterns; and detecting a code group of the target cell based on the detected hopping pattern. Accordingly, a cell search time and the complexity of the cell search can be reduced.
US08411542B2
A method for controlling layer changes for an optical disk drive is provided, where a focus of a laserbeam emitted by a pickup head of the optical disk drive is moved from a current data layer of a disk to a target data layer of the disk. First, a position of a collimator lens of the pickup head is adjusted for spherical aberration correction. The objective lens is then lowered to a low position to move the focus of the laserbeam off the surface of the disk. The objective lens is then raised towards the disk. A focusing error signal is generated while the objective lens is being raised. Whether a target S-curve corresponding to the target data layer is present in the focusing error signal is then started to be detected. If the target S-curve is detected, the focus on operation on the target data layer of the disk is successful.
US08411540B2
A recording and/or reproducing apparatus outputs a loading time of a recording medium through a display to inform a user of the loading time, and a control method thereof. The recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes a calculation unit to calculate loading time of a recording medium when the recording medium is inserted into the recording and/or reproducing apparatus, and an output unit to output the calculated loading time to a display.
US08411537B2
Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for data regeneration. For example, a system for regenerating data is disclosed. The system includes a media defect detector that is operable to identify a potential media defect associated with a medium from which an input signal is derived, an attenuation amplitude detector that generates an attenuation factor, and a data detector. The data detector includes a first data path and a second data path. The first data path includes a bank of two or more selectable noise prediction filters and the second data path includes a fixed noise prediction filter and the attenuation factor. The data detector processes a derivative of the input signal using the second data path when the potential media defect is indicated, and processes the derivative of the input signal using the first data path when a media defect is not indicated.
US08411530B2
An acoustic Doppler system including an acoustic subsystem controller operatively connected to a plurality of acoustic transceivers, with a first of the plurality of acoustic transceivers, operating at a first acoustic frequency, operatively connected to a first group of at least one transducer, and a second of the plurality of acoustic transceivers, operating at a second acoustic frequency, operatively connected to a second group of at least one transducer, where the acoustic subsystem controller includes a digital circuit configured to sample analog signals received from the first and second groups of transducer in pairs having a pair-wise sampling frequency that is four times the operating frequency of associated acoustic transceiver. Also presented is a method of sampling acoustic Doppler signals received from such devices, with samples comprising a pair of values taken with a pair-wise sampling frequency that is four times the operating frequency of associated acoustic transceivers, and the resulting pairs of values being further processed as representative values of the cosine and sine components of a Doppler-shift signal.
US08411521B2
The timing of output signals can be controlled by coupling a digital signal through a signal distribution tree having a plurality of branches extending from an input node to respective clock inputs of a plurality of latches. A phase interpolator is included in a signal path common to all of the branches, and a respective delay line is included in each of the branches. Each of the latches couples a signal applied to its data input to an output terminal responsive to a transition of the digital signal applied to its clock input. The delay lines are adjusted so that the latches are simultaneously clocked. The delay of the phase interpolator is adjusted so that the signals are coupled to the output terminals of the latches with a predetermined timing relationship relative to signals coupled to output terminals of a second signal distribution tree.
US08411518B2
A memory circuit includes a memory cell configured to be re-writable. A write enable circuit is configured to enable writing a signal via a pair of bit lines to the memory cell depending on a write signal. A charge supply circuit is configured to supply a charge to at least one of the pair of bit lines. A charge supply controller is configured to control the charge supply circuit to supply the charge dependent on at least one of the temperature of the memory circuit and the potential difference supply of the memory circuit.
US08411514B2
An output enable signal generation circuit includes a latency decoder, a latch unit, a latency multiplexer, and an enable setting unit. The latency decoder is configured to decode a mode register set code and generate first and second CAS latency information. The latch unit is configured to output the latched first and second latency information as first and second latency signals. The latency multiplexer is configured to output the first or second latency signal as an output CAS latency signal in response to a chip select signal. The enable setting unit is configured to set an enable timing of an output enable signal.
US08411511B2
Methods of reading data from memory cells. Such methods include subjecting an analog storage device to a voltage level indicative of a threshold voltage of a memory cell to store a charge to the analog storage device, and generating an analog voltage from the stored charge.
US08411509B2
A memory and method for charging a word line thereof are disclosed. The memory includes a first word line driver, a first word line and a first switch. The first word line driver is connected to a first operational voltage for receiving a first control signal. The first word line comprises a start terminal connected to an output terminal of the first word line driver. The first switch is connected to a second operational voltage and an end terminal of the first word line. The second operational voltage is not smaller than the first operational voltage. When the first word line driver is controlled by the first control signal to start charging up the first word line, the first switch is simultaneously turned on to provide another charging path for the first word line until the first word line is charged to the first operational voltage.
US08411508B2
Apparatus, methods, and systems are disclosed, including those to improve program voltage distribution width using automatic selective slow program convergence (ASSPC). One such method may include determining whether a threshold voltage (Vt) associated with a memory cell has reached a particular pre-program verify voltage. In response to the determination, a voltage applied to a bit-line coupled to the memory cell may be automatically incremented at least twice as the program voltage is increased, until the cell is properly programmed. Additional embodiments are also described.
US08411506B2
A non-volatile memory and a manufacturing method thereof and a method for operating a memory cell are provided. The non-volatile memory includes a substrate, first and second doped regions, a charged-trapping structure, first and second gates and an inter-gate insulation layer. The first and second doped regions are disposed in the substrate and extend along a first direction. The first and second doped regions are arranged alternately. The charged-trapping structure is disposed on the substrate. The first and second gates are disposed on the charged-trapping structure. Each first gate is located above one of the first doped regions. The second gates extend along a second direction and are located above the second doped regions. The inter-gate insulation layer is disposed between the first gates and the second gates. Adjacent first and second doped regions and the first gate, the second gate and the charged-trapping structure therebetween define a memory cell.
US08411500B2
The present disclosure concerns a magnetic element to be written using a thermally-assisted switching write operation comprising a magnetic tunnel junction formed from a tunnel barrier being disposed between first and second magnetic layers, said second magnetic layer having a second magnetization which direction can be adjusted during a write operation when the magnetic tunnel junction is heated at a high threshold temperature; an upper current line connected at the upper end of the magnetic tunnel junction; and a strap portion extending laterally and connected to the bottom end of the magnetic tunnel junction; the magnetic device further comprising a bottom thermal insulating layer extending substantially parallel to the strap portion and arranged such that the strap portion is between the magnetic tunnel junction and the bottom thermal insulating layer. The magnetic element allows for reducing heat losses during the write operation and has reduced power consumption.
US08411490B2
A sense amplifier for static random access memories is disclosed. The sense amplifier includes a pair of inverters cross-coupled to each other. The sense amplifier also includes means for equalizing the charges within the pair of inverters before performing a sense operation, and means for sensing a current difference between a bitline and its complement from a memory cell during the sense operation.
US08411489B2
An amic acid or amic ester precursor can be applied to a substrate to form a thin film, and is then thermally converted into a semiconducting layer of the corresponding arylene diimide. This semiconducting thin film can be used in various articles including thin-film transistor devices that can be incorporated into a variety of electronic devices. In this manner, the arylene diimide need not be coated onto the substrate but is generated in situ from a solvent-soluble, easily coated precursor compound.
US08411480B2
An object is to provide a semiconductor device having a novel structure, which can hold stored data even when not powered and which has an unlimited number of write cycles. A semiconductor device includes a memory cell including a widegap semiconductor, for example, an oxide semiconductor. The memory cell includes a writing transistor, a reading transistor, and a selecting transistor. Using a widegap semiconductor, a semiconductor device capable of sufficiently reducing the off-state current of a transistor included in a memory cell and holding data for a long time can be provided.
US08411479B2
A memory circuit includes a first memory array. The first memory array includes at least one first memory cell for storing a first datum. The at least one first memory cell is coupled with a first word line and a second word line. A second memory array is coupled with the first memory array. The second memory array includes at least one second memory cell for storing a second datum. The at least one second memory cell is coupled with a third word line and a fourth word line. The first word line is coupled with the third word line. The first word line is misaligned from the third word line in a routing direction of the first word line in the first memory array.
US08411472B2
In a power conversion device, reactors in an AC input filter absorbing a voltage at a carrier frequency of a PWM converter and reactors in an AC output filter absorbing a voltage at a carrier frequency of a PWM inverter include one six-leg six-phase iron core reactor. Accordingly, the device can be reduced in size when compared with a case where the reactors are composed of two four-leg six-phase iron core reactors.
US08411465B2
An equipment cabinet (2) includes an equipment rack (3) for mounting equipment (20), and includes organizational elements for organizing cables within the cabinet. The cables may be organized to reduce impeding airflow to or from the equipment, and/or to reduce unwanted bending of the cables themselves. The organizational elements may include one or more of: a trunk cable (40) including a furcation plug (45) and universal clip (47); a furcation bracket—either vertical (60) or horizontal (80); a termination panel (100); a trunk cable manager (140, 200); and/or an accessory bracket (180). The organizational elements may be used in various combinations with one another, and may be provided in a kit.
US08411463B2
A mounting apparatus includes a chassis, a mounting tray configured for being secured to an expansion card, and an expansion piece configured for securing the expansion card. The chassis includes a front plate. The mounting tray includes a front panel secured to the front plate, and a side panel connected to the front panel. A stopper piece is located on the front plate, and a clipping hole is defined on an end near to the front plate of the side plate. A flange and an inserting portion are positioned on opposite ends of the expansion piece, wherein the flange is secured to the stopper piece, and the inserting portion is inserted into the clipping hole.
US08411457B2
A semiconductor package substrate suitable for supporting a damage-sensitive device, including a substrate core having a first and opposite surface; at least one pair of metal layers covering the first and opposite surfaces of the package substrate core, which define first and opposite metal layer groups, at least one of said layer groups including at least one metal support zone; one pair of solder mask layers covering the outermost metal layers of the at least one pair of metal layers; and a plurality of routing lines; wherein the at least one metal support zone is formed so that it lies beneath at least one side of the base of the damage-sensitive device and so as to occupy a substantial portion of the area beneath the damage-sensitive device which is free of said routing lines; a method for the production of such substrate is also described.
US08411450B2
The present invention is directed to provide a semiconductor package and the like realizing reduced manufacturing cost and improved reliability by enhancing a ground line and/or a power supply line. A semiconductor package 50 includes: a semiconductor device 1 including a circuit face on which an external electrode is formed; an insertion substrate 2 forming a housing part in which the semiconductor device 1 is disposed; and an interposer substrate 5 including a wiring pattern 7 and whose both ends are bent along the insertion substrate 2. The insertion substrate 2 is made of a conductive material and is electrically connected to a ground line or a power supply line in the wiring pattern 7 in the interposer substrate 5.
US08411445B1
An enclosure for outside plant equipment includes a base unit and first Printed Circuit Board (PCB) carried by the base unit and having a circuit side and opposing component side on which electronic components are mounted. A heat sink is connected to the first PCB at the circuit side and configured to dissipate heat from any electronic components mounted on the first PCB at the component side. A cover is attached to the base unit and has an inside surface covering the enclosure. A second PCB has a circuit side and opposing component side on which electronic components are mounted. The second PCB is supported by the inside surface of the cover. A heat sink is connected to the second circuit board at the circuit side and configured to dissipate heat from any electronic components mounted on the second PCB. A PCB finger connector interconnects the first and second PCB's at the component side.
US08411437B2
An exemplary fan duct includes a top plate, two sidewalls and a baffle. The sidewalls extend from opposite ends of the top plate. The baffle engages with the top plate and is located between the two sidewalls. The baffle includes a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the first end pivotably engages with the top plate, and the baffle rotates about the first end to make the second end engage with the top plate or one of the sidewalls.
US08411435B2
In thermal management systems that employ EHD devices to motivate flow of air between ventilated boundary portions of an enclosure, it can be desirable to have some heat transfer surfaces participate in electrohydrodynamic acceleration of fluid flow while providing additional heat transfer surfaces that may not. In some embodiments, both collector electrodes and additional heat transfer surfaces are thermally coupled into a heat transfer path. Collector electrodes then contribute both to flow of cooling air and to heat transfer to the air flow so motivated. The collector electrodes and additional heat transfer surfaces may be parts of a unitary, or thermally coupled, structure that is introduced into a flow path at multiple positions therealong. In some embodiments, the collector electrodes and additional heat transfer surfaces may be proximate each other along the flow path. In some embodiments, the collector electrodes and additional heat transfer surfaces may be separate structures.
US08411434B2
An aesthetically pleasing small form factor desktop computer is described. The small form factor desktop computer can be formed of a single piece seamless housing that in the described embodiment is machined from a single billet of aluminum. The single piece seamless housing includes an aesthetically pleasing foot support having at least a portion formed of RF transparent material that provides easy user access to selected internal components as well as offers electromagnetic (EM) shielding. This simplicity of design can accrue many advantages to the small form factor desktop computer besides those related to aesthetic look and feel. Fewer components and less time and effort can be required for assembly of the small form factor desktop computer and the absence of seams in the single piece housing can provide good protection against environmental contamination of internal components as well as EM shielding.
US08411425B2
An adjusting mechanism includes a stand, a vertical sliding component installed inside the stand in a slidable manner along a vertical direction relative to the stand so as to fix a vertical position of a screen. A plurality of slots is formed on a side of the vertical sliding component, and the vertical sliding component includes a plurality of inclined structures respectively formed nearby the plurality of slots. The adjusting mechanism further includes a vertical positioning device installed on a side of the stand for inserting into the slot of the vertical sliding component so as to fix the vertical position of the screen. The inclined structure is for pushing the vertical positioning device out of the slot.
US08411424B2
A strap mounting structure is used for assembling a strap. The strap mounting structure includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate defines through holes. The second plate is assembled to the first plate. The second plate defines a guiding chamber for guiding the strap from entering into one through hole and exiting from another one through hole.
US08411423B2
A keypad assembly includes a keycap, fixing bracket, and at least one fixing member. The fixing member fixes the keypad to the fixing bracket. The fixing bracket includes a frame, a fixing portion located on a middle portion of the frame, and at least two resilient portions. The resilient portions interconnect the frame and the fixing portions. The keycap fixes on the fixing portion. The resilient portions are capable of elastically deforming and generating elastic restoring force to the keycap.
US08411420B2
An electronic device assembly includes an electronic device and a bracket holding the electronic device. The bracket includes a first supporting seat defined a first receiving groove therein and a second supporting seat defined a second receiving groove therein. The first supporting seat is disengagably attachable to the second supporting seat according to either of two selectable arrangements. In a first one of the arrangements, the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove cooperatively define a first receiving chamber having a first width for holding the electronic device in a first orientation. In a second one of the arrangements, the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove cooperatively define a second receiving chamber having a second width for holding the electronic device in a second orientation.
US08411406B2
A fluid cooled electrical ionizer assembly includes a stack of honeycomb sheet-like structures of dielectric material with an electrode between each pair of honeycomb sheet-like structures. Alternate electrodes are electrically coupled together to each other and may be coupled to respective terminals of an electrical circuit. Fluid passages in the honeycomb sheet-like structures provide a place for fluid to affect electrical characteristics of the ionizer assembly and/or to provide for cooling. A method of assembling an ionizer assembly includes placing ionizer subunits including a dielectric honeycomb sheet-like structure and an electrode in parallel planar, overlying relation with the honeycomb. A method of cooling an ionizer assembly of dielectric honeycomb structure and electrodes includes directing a fluid through flow channels in the honeycomb structure.
US08411405B2
A device 10 for electrically discharging samples of an electrically non-conductive liquid includes an electrically conductive outer member 12, an electrically conductive inner member 14 disposed within the outer member 12, an electrically conductive rod 16 with upper and lower plugs 18 and 19 secured thereto to maintain a non-conductive fluid in the device 10, non-conductive handles 20 and 22 secured to the outer and inner members 12 and 14, and an electrically conductive ground cable 26 detachably secured to the rod 16 to ultimately remove or reduce static charge in the electrically non-conductive liquid via the liquid engaging the outer member 12, inner member 14 and rod 16, which are electrically grounded via the cable 26.
US08411383B2
Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for signal offset cancellation. For example, a method for error cancellation is disclosed. The method includes: receiving an input signal that includes a second order error component; applying a transfer function to the processed input to reduce the second order error component; and providing an output signal that is the result of applying the transfer function to the input signal.
US08411381B2
A lens barrel includes a lens frame which is movable while supporting a lens; and a restriction portion configured to restrict movement of the lens frame by contacting the lens frame. The lens frame and the restriction portion contact each other at a plurality of points.
US08411379B2
An optical device includes a transparent substrate, a first replicated refractive surface on a first surface of the substrate in a first material, and a second replicated refractive surface on a second surface, opposite the first surface, and made of a second material, different from the first material. The material and curvature of the first replicated surface and the material and curvature of the second replicated surface may be configured to substantially reduce the chromatic dispersion and/or the thermal sensitivity of the optical device.
US08411372B2
A lens barrel that enables to increase a degree of freedom for selecting positions of grooves on a cam barrel. A lens holding member holds a lens and has a follower part. A rectilinear barrel regulates relative rotation of the lens holding member and has a bayonet convex part. The cam barrel has a cam groove with which the follower part engages and a bayonet groove with which the bayonet convex part engages. The positional relationship between the cam barrel and the rectilinear barrel in the optical axis direction is regulated because the bayonet convex part contacts the wall surfaces of both sides of the bayonet groove in a WIDE position, and because a section between a wall surface of the bayonet groove and the end face of the cam barrel is pinched between the bayonet convex part and a member provided in the rectilinear barrel in a TELE position.
US08411371B2
A zoom lens includes a first lens, a first lens barrel, a shutter assembly, and a guide barrel. The first lens barrel houses the first lens. The shutter assembly is positioned on a distal end of the first lens barrel toward an object side of the zoom lens. The guide barrel is received in the first lens barrel and configured for guiding the first lens barrel to move along the optical axis of the zoom lens.
US08411367B2
A zoom lens including, in order from the object side to the image side, a first lens group including a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, an image side lens group having a positive refractive power, wherein the distance between the first lens group and the second lens group changes during zooming, and a refractive optical element A, which has a positive refractive power when its object side surface and image side surface are exposed to air, is provided in the first lens group and located closest to the object side in the first lens group, and the refractive optical element A is cemented together with an optical element B. The Abbe constant νd and the relative partial dispersion θgF of the refractive optical element A satisfies certain conditions.
US08411354B2
A laser and amplifier combination delivers a sequence of optical pulses at a predetermined pulse-repetition frequency PRF. An interferometer generates a signal representative of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of the pulses at intervals corresponding to the PRF. The signal includes frequency components from DC to the PRF. The signal is divided into high and low frequency ranges. The high and low frequency ranges are sent to independent high frequency and low frequency control electronics, which drive respectively a high-frequency CEP controller and a low frequency controller for stabilizing the CEP of pulses in the sequence.
US08411347B2
A photochromic composition that is liquid at 20° C. and includes (a) at least one photochromic dye and (b) an ionic solvent selected from (b)(i) room-temperature ionic liquids (RTIL), (b)(ii) ionic liquid mixtures that are liquid at room temperature, and (b)(iii) room-temperature liquid mixtures of at least one ionic liquid and at least one organic solvent that is miscible therewith. The use of said photochromic composition in optical devices such as ophthalmic lenses is also described.
US08411346B2
A device for in-situ thermal imager calibration having a rotatable lens curtain with an aperture for the lens of a thermal imager to observe a scene. The lens curtain includes a balancing weight and blocking portion having a thermally uniform interior calibration surface that is rotatably disposed such that when the UAS is in level flight, the lens views the scene through the aperture. When the UAS is laterally rotated about its flight path, the lens curtain maintains its absolute position relative to the Earth by virtue of the balance weight and the lens rotates within the lens curtain for viewing a thermally uniform interior surface for calibration.
US08411328B2
Conventionally, during a copy operation, certain advanced mode settings make the extraction of additional security information impossible. In order to solve this problem, the print control apparatus includes: determining unit for determining an interval between a pattern element and a pattern element adjacent to the pattern element from the received image data; and control unit for performing a control so as to scale the image at a magnification specified by a user and have the scaled image printed by a printing apparatus when the product of the magnification specified by the user and the interval determined by the determining unit falls within a predetermined range, and configured to terminate or interrupt the printing of the image by the printing apparatus when the product of the magnification specified by the user and the interval determined by the determining unit does not fall within the predetermined range.
US08411327B2
There is provided a data processing device that includes an obtaining unit that obtains a first image data set, a second image data set generated by reading an image formed using the first image data set, and a property data set indicating the properties of a recording medium on which the image is to be reproduced. The data processing device also includes a specifying unit that determines a threshold for a density difference between the first image data set and the second image data set, wherein the threshold depends on the property data set. The specifying unit also determines an error area where the density difference between images expressed by the first and second image data sets is equal to or greater than the threshold.
US08411326B2
The image forming apparatus includes: an area tone setting device which sets an arbitrary tone correction table for each of image forming areas obtained by dividing a recording medium into a plurality of areas; a tone correction table storage device which stores tone correction tables set respectively for the image forming areas by the area tone setting device; an area judgment device which judges the image forming areas on which respective pixels constituting input image data are to be printed; a tone correction table selection device which selects from the tone correction table storage device one of the tone correction tables corresponding to the image forming area judged by the area judgment device; and a tone correction device which performs tone correction of each pixel constituting the input image data, using the tone correction table selected by the tone correction table selection device.
US08411296B2
An apparatus includes an original-document-attribute determining unit that determines attribute of an original document image, a form-attribute determining unit that determines attribute of a form image, and a compositing unit that performs sequence of compositing of the original document image, a copy-forgery-inhibited pattern image, and the form image, the sequence of compositing being determined based on the determined attribute of the original document image and the determined attribute of the form image.
US08411293B2
A method and a printer for post-submission and post-rendering custom spooled page printing of a raw print file sent directly to the printer without a printer driver or print application. Embodiments of the method and printer implement a process that includes the steps of sending a raw print file directly to a printer and the printer receiving the raw print file for direct printing, rendering the raw print file by the printer's interpreter, after all pages of the raw print file are spooled, pausing the printer's print engine, providing page printing options on the printer's control panel to allow a user to select pages to be printed, and after receiving the user's page selection, starting the print engine to print only the pages selected by the user.
US08411292B2
An image processing apparatus including a reading unit configured to read an image of a document to generate image data based on the read image acquires a process definition file, which defines a content of reading processing to be executed by the reading unit and a content of transmission processing for transmitting image data generated by the reading unit, causes the reading unit to execute reading processing to generate image data according to a definition included in the acquired process definition file, and, when a plurality of process definition files is selected and the selected plurality of process definition files is instructed to be executed, causes the generated image data to be transmitted according to a definition included in each of the selected plurality of process definition files.
US08411289B2
An optical position detection device, includes: a light source adapted to emit at least one detection light beam toward one side in a Z-axis direction; a first detector having a light receiving section directed to the one side in the Z-axis direction; a second detector located at a position on the one side in the Z-axis direction, the position being distant from the light source and the first detector, and having a light receiving section directed to the one side in the Z-axis direction; and a position derivation section adapted to derive a position of a object located in a first space between the first detector and the second detector and a position of a object located in a second space on the one side of the second detector in the Z-axis direction based on a light receiving result in the first detector and the second detector.
US08411272B2
An apparatus and method are presented for the analysis of materials. The apparatus includes two or more similar analyzers, with the output of the analyzers combined to provide improved measurements. The apparatus may be, for example, a differential photometric analyzer, such as the AETHALOMETER®. The apparatus and method includes providing flows to the analyzers such that the rate of accumulation per filter area differs for the two or more analyzers. The output of the apparatus or method may be a concentration, such as the concentration of black carbon particulates. Additionally, the output may be an optical measure of particulates that is useful for characterizing the source or history of the particulates.
US08411271B2
A plurality of wafer marks on a wafer is detected while a wafer stage moves from a loading position where a wafer is delivered onto the wafer stage to an exposure starting position where exposure of a wafer begins, with a part of an alignment system also moving, using the alignment system. Accordingly, the time required for mark detection can be reduced, therefore, it becomes possible to increase the throughput of the entire exposure process.
US08411265B2
An apparatus is presented for stabilizing an optical, thermal, and mechanical interface between a spectroscopic and/or imaging system and a biological sample. The apparatus includes a window retainer having a retainer surface and a well. The retainer surface surrounds the well. Further, the retainer surface is substantially planar. An optical window is located in the well. The optical window comprises a first and second surface. The second surface is in contact with the window retainer. The first surface is substantially flush with the retainer surface. The apparatus further includes an attachment mechanism coupling the window retainer to the biological sample such that a fluid, gel, adhesive or elastomer interposed between the optical window and the biological sample is trapped in the well.
US08411264B2
An apparatus for inspecting a substrate surface is provided, which includes illumination optics for irradiating the substrate surface linearly with rectilinearly polarized light from an oblique direction, detection optics for acquiring images of the substrate surface, each of the images being formed by the light scattered from the light-irradiated substrate surface, and means for comparing an image selected as an inspection image from the plurality of substrate surface images that the detection optics has acquired to detect defects, and another image selected from the plural images of the substrate surface as a reference image different from the inspection image; the illumination optics being formed with polarization control means for controlling a polarizing direction of the light according to a particular scanning direction of the substrate or a direction orthogonal to the scanning direction.
US08411260B1
The device includes a waveguide on a base. A light-absorbing portion of the waveguide receives a light signal, absorbs a portion of the light signal and guides a transmitted portion of the light signal to the output portion of the waveguide. A light-absorbing portion of the waveguide is partially defined by a light-absorbing medium that has lateral sides that each extends between a top side and a bottom side of the light-absorbing medium. The device also includes a monitor absorption of the absorbed portion of the light signal. The monitor includes field sources that are each configured to serve as a source of an electrical field in the light-absorbing medium. The field sources each contacts one of the lateral sides of the light-absorbing medium.
US08411253B2
A computer readable medium containing computer-executable instructions which cause a computer to execute processing steps that calculate a light intensity distribution formed on an image plane of a projection optical system. When executed, the medium causes a computer to execute the steps of dividing an effective light source into the plurality of areas, generating, for each of the plurality of areas, a plurality of shifted pupil functions by shifting a pupil function in accordance with a position of each of divided point sources, defining, for each of the plurality of areas, a matrix including the plurality of pupil functions, calculating, for each of the plurality of areas, eigenvalues and eigenfunctions by performing singular value decomposition of the matrix, and calculating, for each of the plurality of areas, the light intensity distribution based on a diffracted light distribution from the mask and the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions.
US08411242B2
Disclosed is an active matrix liquid crystal display device including substrates and a liquid crystal layer. The substrate includes: scan signal wiring lines; common signal wiring lines; video signal wiring lines intersecting these wiring lines; and pixels surrounded with the scan signal wiring lines and the video signal wiring lines. Each of pixels includes: a thin film transistor; source electrodes in a layer with the video signal wiring lines; pixel electrodes connected to the source electrodes; and common electrodes connected to the common signal wiring lines. The source electrodes include first parts overlapping the scan signal wiring lines and second parts connecting with the pixel electrodes, which are positioned around central parts between the video signal wiring lines. Molecular axes in the liquid crystal layer rotate under an electric field applied between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes.
US08411234B2
An active array substrate, an electrode substrate, and a liquid crystal display panel (LCD) are provided. The LCD includes an active array substrate, an electrode substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The active array substrate includes a base, a plurality of scan lines and data lines disposed on the base, a plurality of pixel electrodes, and a plurality of active devices. Each of the active devices is electrically connected to the corresponding scan line, date line, and pixel electrode to define a pixel region and a non-display region. The electrode substrate includes a base and a common electrode disposed on the base of the electrode substrate. The liquid crystal layer is formed between the active array substrate and the electrode substrate and includes liquid molecules with a threshold voltage, a saturation voltage and ions located in the non-display region.
US08411225B2
An LCD device is disclosed. The LCD device includes: a main support of a rectangular rim shape configured to receive a backlight; a liquid crystal display panel disposed on the main support; and first and second top cases disposed to respectively cover first and second portions of the main support and to be mutually discrete and separate from each other, wherein the first and second top cases contact with the main support and bury the liquid crystal display panel therein.
US08411220B2
A multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display and a lower substrate thereof are disclosed. The voltage provided by coupling electrode lines is swung between a high voltage level and a low voltage level. Therefore, with different coupling of a large pixel electrode and of a small pixel electrode that both receive the same color displaying data, the voltage on the large pixel electrode is different from that on the small pixel electrode. The tilt angle of the liquid crystal between the large pixel electrode and the upper electrode is different from the tilt angle of the liquid crystal between the small pixel electrode and the upper electrode for compensating the gamma value of the color. Besides, through adjusting the value of the voltage respectively on the coupling electrode lines to compensate the gamma values of different colors and the gamma values of different colors will tend to be uniform.
US08411215B2
Retention capacitor upper electrodes and wires are provided facing a retention capacitor line across an insulating film so as to form a retention capacitor. The retention capacitor line includes a slit penetrating the retention capacitor line in a direction perpendicular to a substrate. The slit is formed so as to overlap regions facing regions in which both wires are formed. This allows for provision of an active matrix substrate capable of repairing defects so that they are less visible, without decreasing an aperture ratio of each pixel.
US08411214B2
A system and method for flight training and evaluation of pilots comprises electronically activated vision restriction glasses that detect the pilot's head position and automatically darken and restrict the pilot's ability to see through the front and side windscreens when the pilot-in-training attempts to see out the windscreen. Thus, the pilot-in-training sees only within the aircraft cockpit, forcing him or her to fly by instruments in the most restricted operational mode.
US08411212B2
A touch electrode and a detection element are positioned in at least two of pixels. The touch electrode is formed in a first substrate, and is positioned so as to face a counter electrode. The touch electrode contacts the counter electrode and is electrically connected thereto when a second substrate is pressed and bent toward the first substrate. The detection element is connected to the touch electrode, and detects the electrical connection between the touch electrode and the counter electrode.
US08411199B2
The transport device for an instrument (2) for photo, video, audio recording or the like comprises a body (10), connection means (3) accommodated in the body (10) and intended for fixing the instrument (2) to the device (1), supporting means (4) fixed to the body (10) and intended for anchoring the device (1) to the user's body, and a sustaining element (5) one extremity of which is restrained to the body (10).
US08411194B2
Described are handheld devices with combined image capture and image projection functions. One embodiment includes modulating and capturing a light beam along the same optic path. In another embodiment, the optical components are operable to switch between projection and capture modes. In yet another embodiment, the optical components may be formed on the same semiconductor substrate thereby increasing functionality.
US08411193B2
A lens module includes a liquid crystal lens, a lens barrel and two electrically conductive traces. The liquid crystal lens includes a light incident surface, a light output surface facing away from the light incident surface, and a number of side wall surfaces interconnecting the light incident surface and the light output surface. The liquid crystal lens includes at least two electrode layers. Each of the electrode layers comprising a connection terminal exposed at the corresponding side wall surface. The liquid crystal lens is received in the lens barrel. The two electrically conductive traces are embedded in an outer surface of the lens barrel, and includes a first end electrically connected to the corresponding connection terminal, and a second end for electrical connection to an external circuit.
US08411191B2
A digital camera (1) has an image recorder (12), a microcomputer (3), and an image display controller (13). The image recorder (12) is configured to record a moving picture formed from a plurality of still pictures, along with a panning mode signal (60) related to the panning of the digital camera (1). The microcomputer (3) is configured to produce a plurality of extracted images from the moving picture recorded by the image recorder (12), and configured to determine the disposition of the plurality of extracted images on the basis of the panning mode signal (60) recorded by the image recorder (12). The image display controller (13) is configured to display at least two of the plurality of the extracted images side by side on a display section (55) on the basis of the determination result of the microcomputer (3).
US08411188B2
A solid-state image pickup device includes a pixel including a photoelectric conversion element that converts light into an electric signal, a feedback amplifying circuit that amplifies a signal of the pixel using an amplification factor that is based on a variable feedback capacitor, a storage capacitor connected to an output node of the amplifying circuit via a first switch, and a load element connected to the output node of the amplifying circuit via a second switch. The second switch is in an on state during any one of or both of a period in which the feedback capacitor is reset and a period in which the first switch is in an on state.
US08411177B2
A method and apparatus for providing current pulses to the illumination source in an imaging scanner. The method includes: (1) sensing a current supplied from a current port to obtain a current-monitoring signal; (2) controlling a charge current provided to a storage capacitor based on the current-monitoring signal; (3) measuring a parameter related to a voltage across the storage capacitor; and (4) generating a driving current for the illumination source by the illumination driver circuit, if the parameter is above a predetermined threshold value, to provide a driving current for a illumination source in an imaging scanner.
US08411173B2
A black level correction circuit includes: a counter counting a black signal level of an image; a black level determination section determining a feedback gain by comparing data outputted from the counter with a previously set threshold; an average value calculation section calculating an average value from data supplied from the counter; a feedback calculation processing section selecting the feedback gain by a control signal supplied from the black level determination section and calculating the selected feedback gain and the averaged data; and a digital-analog converter correcting data to which feedback calculation processing has been performed and converting the corrected data into analog data to output an analog black signal.
US08411166B2
An image pickup method includes determining a start timing and an end timing of obtaining the speech to have a photographing timing of the still image taken by the image pickup unit therebetween, in accordance with a period in which the speech stored in the temporary speech storing unit satisfies a predetermined condition, and cutting out the speech stored in the temporary speech storing unit for a period from the start timing to the end timing determined, and storing the cut speech in the storing unit in association with the still image taken by the image pickup unit.
US08411163B2
An automatic exposure (AE) controlling device and method are provided. According to the method, an electric shutter (ES) value and an analog gain control (AGC) value can be calculated through a proportional integral control method according to a brightness value of an inputted image frame. Then, AE compensation on a present image frame can be performed using the calculated ES value and AGC value.
US08411162B2
A method and system for processing images to, for example, capture artwork includes capturing a target image and an image of a reference. The reflectance functions of the target image are then measured. The target image is processed, using the measured reflectance functions and the captured image of the reference, to calculate a correction transform associated with the captured target image.
US08411159B2
A digital still camera for photographing an image of an object is provided. A motion vector detector acquires a change of a position of the object in the image between a first picture frame and a previous picture frame recorded prior thereto. A normalizer normalizes the previous picture frame according to a parameter related to the change of the position. A specific object detector detects a specific object region, such as a facial image region, according to image recognition and by comparison between the first picture frame and the normalized previous picture frame. Furthermore, a change of a magnification of the image thereof is acquired between the first picture frame and the previous picture frame recorded prior thereto. The normalizer normalizes the previous picture frame according to a parameter related to the change of the magnification.
US08411148B2
An iris calibration device includes one or more groups of light sources, a microcontroller (MCU), and a display. The MCU connects to a system on chip (SoC) of a digital camera device. The digital camera device includes an iris lens. The MCU receives an “on” command or an “off” command from the SoC. The MCU turns on or turn off a group of light sources according to the “on” command or the “off” command The SoC adjusts the iris lens according to an average luminance of the one or more light sources sensed by a sensor of the digital camera device.
US08411139B2
A microscope system includes a microscope, a digital camera and a computer system. The microscope has an automatically adjustable subassembly having an adjustable element. The digital camera acquires image data of an image of a specimen. The computer system has a display and a storage unit configured to store the image data and to store, associated with the image data, data defining a setting of the automatically adjustable subassembly corresponding to the image data.
US08411138B2
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a camera head separated type camera device including: a camera head; a camera control unit; and a cable connecting the camera head and the camera control unit with each other, wherein the camera control unit includes: a control portion which feeds a predetermined DC (Direct Current) voltage to the camera head, and wherein the camera head includes: an LVDS conversion driver portion which transmits an LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) signal to the camera control unit; a correction control portion which outputs a correction value for the LVDS signal; and an LVDS control portion which controls the LVDS conversion driver portion based on the correction value.
US08411128B2
An apparatus and method for controlling a camera of a portable terminal are provided. The method includes determining a rate at which at least a portion of a subject occupies an input image obtained in a video phone call from camera, comparing the determined rate with a preset reference level, automatically controlling a zoom function of the camera according to the comparison result, and transmitting the input image obtained from the camera in which the zoom function is automatically controlled.
US08411122B2
An exposure device includes light emitting elements, a driving circuit, an image-signal connector, a power connector, and an adjustment-control-signal connector. The light emitting elements emit light which an exposure target member is exposed to. The driving circuit performs one of first and second drive operations. The image-signal connector has terminals connected to core wires of an image-signal cable, and relays, to the driving circuit, image signals transmitted through the image-signal cable. In the image-signal cable, the core wires are arranged at a first pitch. The power connector has terminals arranged at a pitch wider than the first pitch, and relays, to the driving circuit, power transmitted through power cables. The adjustment-control-signal connector has terminals arranged at a pitch wider than the first pitch, and relays, to the driving circuit, light-amount adjustment control signals transmitted through adjustment-control-signal cables.
US08411115B1
Scaling of raster or bitmapped objects is described by converting such raster or bitmapped objects into symbol objects in a graphics development environment (GDE). A grid of lines is superimposed over the symbol visually dividing it into multiple segments. The position and shape of each segment will determine how the symbol is scaled during operation. The various segments may either be locked or editable. When edit input is received to change a size of the symbol, the locked portions of the symbol object are preserved while the editable regions are scaled to accommodate the edit instruction.
US08411114B2
The image display device includes: a storage unit that stores a plurality of templates for image arrangement a setting unit that sets a number of arrangement subject images; an image selection unit that selects the arrangement subject images from among photographic images; a decision unit that makes a decision as to whether or not the orientations of the selected arrangement subject images are portrait format or landscape format; a template selection unit that selects a subject template from among the plurality of templates stored in the storage unit, on the basis of the number of images to be arranged and the decision result by the decision unit; a creation unit that creates an image for display by arranging the arrangement subject images in the image arrangement regions within the selected subject template; and a display control unit that displays the created image upon a display device.
US08411113B1
A digital image rendering system, such as a geographic map rendering system, receives image data from an image database, such as a map database, in the form of data having image features defined as sets of image objects arranged in a series of layers. The image rendering system processes the received data in a manner that allows for rendering the original layered data without rendering each original layer separately by reordering the original layered digital image data into fewer layers.
US08411110B2
The present invention relates to an interactive image and graphic system and method capable of detecting collision. A storage device stores a plurality of image data streams. Each image data stream includes a header, which has at least one position coordinate field, and the at least one position coordinate field corresponds to at least one object of the image data stream. An image engine plays a first image data stream of the plurality of image data streams. A graphic engine receives a sprite picture data. The sprite picture data includes a sprite position coordinate. The graphic engine receives the header of the first image data stream. When the sprite position coordinate superimposes over a position coordinate of the at least one object of the first image data stream, the graphic engine drives the image engine to select a second image data stream from the storage device for being played.
US08411109B2
A system, including apparatuses, software and methods, is disclosed for capturing and delivering images as to which various interactive functions are enabled for a user. The images introduced to the system can come from any one of a variety of sources, including from a digital camera. A graphical user interface permits a user to customize a set of interactive functions to be enabled for a given set of images. The interactively enabled images can be delivered via a webpage to a user, for example, via email, the Internet or downloaded from a disk or from disk drive on a computer on which the webpage is stored. Each image is delivered to a user in its own layer of software, which permits complex sets of images of relatively high resolution to be delivered to users without any appreciable delay associated with the delivery or the need for the user to have additional software, such as a plug-in to receive images and enable interactive functions with respect to the images. Whenever an interactive function is being carried out, a viewer perceives only one image layer at a given time, but the currently viewable image layer can be changed rapidly, so that the user can perceive the illusion of motion, including virtual rotation of an object depicted in a set of images.
US08411103B1
One embodiment of the invention sets forth a CROP configured to perform both color raster operations and atomic transactions. Upon receiving an atomic transaction, the distribution unit within the CROP transmits a read request to the L2 cache for retrieving the destination operand. The distribution unit also transmits the source operands and the operation code to the latency buffer for storage until the destination operand is retrieved from the L2 cache. The processing pipeline transmits the operation code, the source and destination operands and an atomic flag to the blend unit for processing. The blend unit performs the atomic transaction on the source and destination operands based on the operation code and returns the result of the atomic transaction to the processing pipeline for storage in the internal cache. The processing pipeline writes the result of the atomic transaction to the L2 cache for storage at the memory location associated with the atomic transaction.
US08411095B2
In accordance with some embodiments, a graphics process frame generation frame rate may be monitored in combination with a utilization or work load metric for the graphics process in order to allocate performance resources to the graphics process and in some cases, between the graphics process and a central processing unit.
US08411094B2
The disclosure relates to a graphics module for rendering a bidimensional scene on a display screen comprising a graphics pipeline of the sort-middle type, said graphics pipeline comprising: a first processing module configured to clip a span-type input primitive received from a rasterizer module into sub-span type primitives to be associated to respective macro-blocks corresponding to portions of the screen, and to store said sub-span type primitives in a scene buffer; a second processing module configured to reconstruct the span-type input primitive starting from said sub-span type primitives, the second processing module being further intended to implement a culling operation of sub-span type primitives of the occluded type.
US08411091B2
An image drawing system, an image drawing server, an image drawing method, and a computer program product that provides a three-dimensional world to a client-terminal. The method includes: providing a viewpoint in the vicinity of an avatar and creating a three-dimensional object; performing a perspective projection of a static object to create a two-dimensional panoramic image; overlaying the two-dimensional panoramic image, information on a dynamic object, and an image of the avatar; and storing the two-dimensional panoramic image. The computer program product tangibly embodies instructions which when implemented causes a computer to execute the steps of the method. The system includes: a three-dimensional object creation unit; a panoramic image creation unit; a drawing unit for overlaying; and a panoramic image storage unit. The server includes: a reception unit; a three-dimensional object creation unit; a panoramic image creation unit; and a transmission unit.
US08411087B2
A non-linear beam tracing technique that supports full non-linear beam tracing effects including multiple reflections and refractions for computer graphics applications. The technique introduces non-linear beam tracing to render non-linear ray tracing effects such as curved mirror reflection, refraction, caustics, and shadows. Beams are allowed to be non-linear where rays within the same beam are not parallel or do not intersect at a single point. Such is the case when a primary beam bounces off of a surface and spawns one or more secondary rays or beams. Secondary beams can be rendered in a similar manner to primary rays or beams via polygon streaming. Beyond smooth ray bundles, the technique can also be applied to incoherent ray bundles which is useful for rendering bump mapped surfaces.
US08411080B1
A computer graphic editing or modeling system that automatically alters a computer graphic object based on a user sketch. The computer graphic object may be presented as an image space view of the object (proxy). The sketch is placed in proximity to some feature of the image space view. The system matches the sketch with the feature taking into account silhouettes, which may be derived by way of depth continuity and depth gradient similarity, of the object and matching the silhouette with the feature based on proximity and shape. The matched handle silhouette is transformed to associated handle vertices of a mesh of the graphic object. The system may then deform the mesh based on the user sketch by obtaining a dimensional relationship between the user sketch and the associated silhouette and applying the dimensional relationship to a region of interest, which includes the handle vertices.
US08411072B2
A method of saving input content on an electronic device is disclosed. A setting module sets M bits grayscale per sampled pixel, M is a whole number. A creating module creates a file to store input content. An obtaining module obtains data of the input content. A storing module stores the data in the file and stores M bits grayscale per sampled pixel.
US08411071B2
An electronic pen has a casing and a tip to be put on a surface. The pen includes a positioning module for detecting the position of the tip on the surface, and an audio module configured to output signals responsive to the detected position of the tip on the surface. The modules form a unitary component mounting unit contained within the casing. The pen also has: an audio box with a speaker, means for connecting the modules, and a locking arrangement for locking the casing.
US08411069B1
A device with a touchscreen with a light modulator is disclosed herein. The device transitions from a netbook mode to a touchscreen mode. The device comprises a main unit and a touchscreen unit with a transparent display. The touchscreen unit is preferably separated from the main unit when in a netbook mode, and the touchscreen unit communicates wirelessly with the main unit. The touchscreen unit preferably has an outer screen display surface and an inner screen display surface on each side of a light modulating unit. The main unit preferably has a main unit display.
US08411065B2
The present invention provides a touchpad with a double-layer printed circuit board structure. The touchpad comprises an upper layer, a bottom layer, a first conductor; and a second conductor; wherein the upper layer is configured to act as a touch-sensitive zone, and comprises a plurality of first conductive units, a first conductive wire and a plurality of second conductive units; the bottom layer comprises a wire connecting zone and a component zone, wherein the wire connecting zone further includes a second conductive wire and a connecting line configured to be electrically coupled to the component zone; and the first conductor and the second conductor are configured to connect the upper layer to the bottom layer; wherein the first and the second conductive units are each serially-connected to form a first touch-sensitive line and a second touch-sensitive line, respectively.
US08411055B2
A portable electronic device includes a main body including a housing, a display electrically connected to the main body, and a frame for connecting between the main body and the display. The display includes a display panel and a carrier for carrying the display panel. The portable electronic device is capable of being operated to switch between a closed state and an open state. When the portable electronic device is in the closed state, the display covers the main body with either one of the display panel or the carrier facing the housing of the main body, and the main body and the display are surrounded by the frame. When the portable electronic device is in the open state, the main body is straddled by the frame and is supported by the frame to define a first predetermined angle between the main body and the frame.
US08411038B2
A multi-layer integral keypad (10) is provided with a plurality of key tops (20) each having a plastic layer (30) coupled to a display layer (21). A key top support layer (40) integrally couples a plurality of the key tops (20) to one another. A method for producing a multi-layer integral keypad (10) is also provided.
US08411034B2
One embodiment of a sterile networked interface system is provided comprising a hand-held surgical tool and a data processing system. The surgical tool includes a sensor for sensing a physical variable related to the surgery, a wireless communication unit to transmit the physical variable to the data processing system, and a battery for powering the hand-held surgical tool. The surgical tool sends the physical variable and orientation information responsive to a touchless gesture control and predetermined orientation of the surgical tool. Other embodiments are disclosed.
US08411028B2
An electrophoretic display device driving circuit that drives an electrophoretic display device. The electrophoretic display device includes a display unit that includes a plurality of pixels, each of which includes an electrophoretic element, containing electrophoretic particles, that is provided between a pixel electrode and a common electrode that face each other; a pixel switching element; a memory circuit to which an image signal may be written through the pixel switching element; and a switch circuit that controls switching of the pixel electrode in accordance with an output based on the image signal in the memory circuit. The electrophoretic display device driving circuit includes: a low-speed clock supply unit that supplies a low-speed clock; a high-speed clock supply unit that supplies a high-speed clock having a frequency higher than that of the low-speed clock; and a control unit that (i) controls writing of the image signal to the memory circuit on the basis of the high-speed clock, and that (ii) controls an operation including supply of a predetermined pixel potential to the pixel electrode through the switching control on the basis of the low-speed clock.
US08411026B2
Various devices and methods of lighting a display are disclosed. In one embodiment, for example, a display device includes a transmissive display configured to be illuminated through a back surface and a reflective display configured to be illuminated through a front surface. A light source is disposed with respect to the back of the transmissive display to illuminate the transmissive display through the back surface. A light pipe is disposed with respect to the light source to receive light from the light source and is configured to propagate the light such that this light provides front illumination of the reflective display.
US08411022B2
The embodiments disclosed herein comprise a plurality of modules and means to provide effect dynamic gamut mapping and backlight control. In one embodiment, a display system comprises: a transmissive display, said display comprising a plurality of colored subpixels wherein one such colored subpixel is substantially wide spectrum bandpass; a transmissive display controller, said display controller providing signals to said transmissive display to set the amount of transmissivity of each said colored subpixel; a backlight, said backlight providing illumination to said transmissive display; a backlight controller, said controller providing signals to said backlight to modulate the amount of illumination provided by said backlight to said transmissive display; peak surveying module for surveying image data and extracting the image gamut hull for providing intermediate backlight data signals to said backlight controller to match said image gamut hull; and a means for normalizing display image data signals according to said intermediate backlight data signals and providing said normalized image data as intermediate display data.
US08411016B2
A scan driving circuit and a display device, the display device including display elements two-dimensionally disposed in a matrix; scanning lines, initialization control lines, and display control lines extending in a first direction; and data lines extending in a second direction different from the first direction. The scan driving circuit includes a shift register portion and a logic circuit portion, and generates scan signals and initialization signals, both based on two or more enable signals, and control signals. The scan driving circuit is configured such that changing the width of a start pulse (and thereby the ratio of a light emitting period to a non-light emitting period) does not affect the scan signals or the initialization signals.
US08411011B2
A method to generate control signals for a display-panel driver, which needs to receive a set of predetermined number of input signals so as to output a set of control signals. The method includes starting with a reset process. The display-panel driver receives a first part of the set of input signals through multiple input terminals. At least two of the input terminals are used as secondary input terminals, and at least two enabling input signals of different definitions are input, respectively. The enabling input signals internally enable a control signal generator to generate a second part of the set of input signals. The second part of the set of input signals and the first part of the set of input signals form a complete set of input signals. When a serial data of the input signals cannot satisfy the predetermined format, the method goes back to the reset process.
US08411010B2
A cholesteric liquid crystal display device in which a first step for applying a high voltage pulse to initialize a pixel and a second step for applying a low voltage pulse to increase a coexistence ratio of a focal conic state to the planar state in the initialized pixel are performed and a gradation value is determined by a cumulative time during which the low voltage pulse is applied, the device includes: a voltage generation circuit; and a driver circuit, wherein: the voltage generation circuit includes: a step-up part that generates a step-up voltage from a power source voltage; a voltage switching part; and a voltage stabilization part that generates the predetermined voltage in accordance with the voltage control signal from the step-up voltage, wherein the voltage stabilization part suppresses variations in output voltage; and the step-up part switches step-up ratios between the first step and the second step.
US08411007B2
A pixel in a liquid crystal display panel comprises a first sub-pixel area having a first sub-pixel electrode and a second sub-pixel area having a second sub-pixel electrode. Each sub-pixel electrode is associated with a capacitor. When a gate-line signal and a data voltage is provided to the pixel, the voltage level on the first sub-pixel electrode is substantially equal to or slightly higher than the voltage level on the second sub-pixel electrode and the capacitor associated with each sub-pixel electrode is charged. When the gate-line signal has entirely passed on partially passed, a circuit element causes the capacitor associated with the second sub-pixel electrode to transfer its charge to another capacitor, resulting in a reduction of the voltage level on the second sub-pixel electrode.
US08411001B2
A display device includes a plurality of pixels, a data line transmitting a data voltage to the pixels, and a floating bar crossing the data line and being divided into a plurality of pieces. By dividing the floating bar into a plurality of pieces, a delay of a data signal can be prevented so that excellent images can be displayed. Furthermore, by disposing a diode between the pieces of the floating bar, an effect of dispersing static electricity can be maximized.
US08411000B2
A display device includes a light emitting diode, and first and second driving transistors connected between a driving voltage and the light emitting diode to supply driving electric current to the light emitting diode. A control voltage or control voltages differentiated in polarity from each other is/are applied to control terminals of the first and the second driving transistors. The first driving transistor has a control electrode located below a semiconductor layer of the light emitting diode while the second driving transistor has a control electrode located over the semiconductor layer. Two driving transistors are formed at each pixel, and an area occupied thereof within the pixel is reduced. Control voltages differentiated in polarity from each other are applied to the respective driving transistors, substantially preventing deterioration of the driving transistors.
US08410995B2
A method for use in an imaging system having an image source and a plurality of microtile units for generating respective portions of the image is provided, each microtile unit including a self-contained screen and a rear projector for projecting the image on the screen, the method for at least one of self-aligning, colour matching and brightness matching the image portions across successive adjacent microtile units. The screen is over-scanned so that a portion of an edge of each image spills over onto a side wall of the microtile unit adjacent a further one of microtile units. Light from the image is permitted to spill through the side wall into the further microtile unit. The light is detected within the further microtile unit. The image is adjusted in response to detection of the light within the further microtile unit so as to at least one of align, color match and brightness match the image between the plurality of microtile units.
US08410987B2
A method for measuring a radiation field in the direct vicinity of a measured object is provided. One or more antenna measurement probe(s) are moved in any desired fashion within the radiation field, and a number of high-frequency measurement points is thus recorded. During the movement of the antenna measurement probe, a position determination of a respective antenna measurement probe is conducted simultaneously with or in close temporal proximity to the capture of a respective high-frequency measurement point, in order to assign a position to each high-frequency measurement point so as to generate a spatially defined measurement point cloud. Finally, radiation patterns at any distance from the measured object may be determined from the spatial measurement point cloud by means of a field transformation method.
US08410980B2
In an exemplary embodiment, a phased array solid-state architecture has dual-polarized feeds and is manufactured, for example, on highly flexible silicon germanium (SiGe). The implementation of dual-polarized feeds facilitates the operation of phased arrays where the polarization can be statically or dynamically controlled on a subarray or element basis. In an exemplary embodiment, the sub-component control is configured to optimize a performance characteristic associated with polarization, such as phase or amplitude adjustment. An active phased array architecture may replace traditional distributed and GaAs implementations for the necessary functions required to operate electronically steerable phased array antennas. The architecture combines active versions of vector generators, power splitters, power combiners, and RF hybrids in a novel fashion to realize a fully or substantially monolithic solution for a wide range of antenna applications that can be realized with radiating elements having single-polarized or dual-polarized feeds.
US08410975B1
Present novel and non-trivial systems and methods for altitude data from a radar system and employing such data to verify altitude data from another source. A processor receives reflection point data generated by an aircraft radar system and reference point data from an applicable data source. Based upon the reflection point data and reference point data, first altitude data representative of a first measurement of aircraft altitude is generated. Then, the processor receives second altitude data representative of a second measurement of aircraft altitude from another source. Validity of the second altitude data may be determined by comparing it with the first data, after which validity advisory data may be generated that, is responsive to the validity determination. Then, the processor may provide the validity advisory data to a presentation system, whereby validity information of the second altitude data is presented to the pilot.
US08410972B2
A method and apparatus for an adder-embedded dynamic preamplifier system with dynamic comparator and current mode adder including differential switches for precharging, a switch for evaluation; and reference, feedfoward input sections. When differential switches are closed, OUTN and OUTP are precharged. During the evaluation, discharging currents are proportionately determined by input and reference values. A following latch amplifies the discharging differences of OUTN and OUTP.
US08410969B2
A capacitive-to-digital converter is provided which includes: sensor, offset and reference capacitors, an integrator circuit and a demodulation circuit. The sensor capacitor is switched according to a first clock and the offset capacitor according to a second clock, which has a higher switching frequency. The reference capacitor is switched according to a return signal from the converter's output. The integrator circuit includes an integrator capacitor, and has first and second nodes, with the sensor, offset and reference capacitors each being switched to the first and second nodes based on the respective first clock, second clock or return signal. The demodulation circuit receives and converts output of the integrator circuit into a digital output. The higher frequency clocking of the offset capacitor allows for a reduction in capacitance of the offset, reference or integrator capacitor, and the multiclocking of the converter allows for use of a multireferencing to the sensor capacitor.
US08410968B2
A track and hold circuit includes an input, a first output configured to produce a first output signal, and a second output configured to produce a second output signal while the track and hold circuit is in a first mode. While the track and hold circuit is in a second mode, the second output signal is combined with the first output signal and output on the first output.
US08410964B2
A disclosed AD conversion circuit includes a holding portion storing sequence information, signal selection information and time information; a sequencing counter to be initialized by receiving a timing signal output at a predetermined period and counting upon receipt of a matching signal to obtain a sequencing counter count value; a time period counter to be initialized by receiving the timing signal or the matching signal and counting a time period counter count value; a comparator generating the matching signal when the time information matches the time period counter count value after comparison by referring to the sequence information using the sequencing counter count value; a selecting portion selecting analog signals of one type corresponding to the signal selection information obtained by referring to the sequence information using the sequencing counter count value out of analog signals of various types; and an AD converter converting the selected analog signals.
US08410962B2
An active RC resonator includes a first operational amplifier having first and second inputs and first and second outputs, a second operational amplifier having first and second inputs and first and second outputs, a first resistor coupled between the first input of the first operational amplifier and the second output of the second operational amplifier, a second resistor coupled between the second input of the first operational amplifier and the first output of the second operational amplifier, a third resistor coupled between the first output of the first operational amplifier and the first input of the second input of the second operational amplifier, a fourth resistor coupled between the second output of the first operational amplifier and the second input of the second operational amplifier, and at least one of 1) a first capacitor coupled between the first input of the first operational amplifier and the first output of the second operational amplifier, and a second capacitor coupled between the second input of the first operational amplifier and the second output of the second operational amplifier, 3) a third capacitor coupled between the second output of the first operational amplifier and the first input of the second operational amplifier, and a fourth capacitor coupled between the first output of the first operational amplifier and the second input of the second operational amplifier.
US08410959B2
A method and system for entropy coding can comprise, in response to detecting a first symbol combination comprising first run information indicating a first number of contiguous zero coefficients is greater than a cut-off-run value, assigning a first codeword to a first symbol combination, wherein the first codeword comprises an escape code from a first-level VLC table; and in response to a second symbol combination comprising second run information indicating a second number of contiguous zero coefficients is less than or equal to the cut-off-run value, assigning a second codeword to the second symbol combination, wherein the second codeword is from the first-level VLC table. The system and method can further comprise collecting coding statistics for a set of candidate symbol combinations and adjusting a mapping between codewords of the first-level VLC table and a subset of the set of candidate symbol combinations based on the coding statistics.
US08410956B2
A system and method for providing a protocol to maintain a persistent warning message in a region of interest. The protocol begins its operation when a hazardous condition is detected by a vehicle. The detecting vehicle uses a multi-hop geocast broadcasting process to transmit a warning message to other vehicles in the region of interest. When the vehicles in the region of interest receive the warning message, they are prevented from re-broadcasting the message for a first predetermined period of time. After the first predetermined period of time has expired, a contentious timing process is used to determine which of those vehicles will re-broadcast the message to other vehicles entering the region of interest. This process of re-broadcasting continues until a second predetermined period of time expires at which time the message is not re-broadcast.
US08410945B2
Method and arrangement for monitoring an atmosphere includes a sensor system arranged to obtain data about the atmosphere at its location and a communications system coupled to the sensor system for providing data obtained by the sensor system to a monitoring facility, e.g., by wireless transmits, which monitors the atmosphere. A location determining system may be arranged in connection with the sensor system for determining the location thereof. The communication system is coupled to the location determining system and transmits the location of the sensor system along with the data obtained by the sensor system to the remote facility.
US08410941B2
A system for detecting an animal proximate a roadway is disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, there is at least one warning station, a plurality of sensor stations, and a processor. Each of the plurality of sensor stations may have a first sensor and a second sensor. The processor may be configured to detect an animal using information provided by the first sensor and the second sensor, and to cause transmission of a warning signal to the at least one warning station when the animal is detected.
US08410937B2
A security tag contains two parts. The contact (or lack thereof) of the two parts defines the operational state of the security tag. In one state, the security tag responds when a central control station runs a wireless security scan. In the other state, the tag does not respond. Thus the wireless security scan reveals the tag's operational state. If, for example, one part of the tag is affixed to a window, and the other part affixed to a flame of the window, then the two parts can be arranged so that they are in contact when the window is closed but not in contact when the window is open. A wireless scan of the tag thus reveals whether or not the window is open. In one embodiment, one part of the security tag includes an RFID circuit, and the other part includes an antenna.
US08410929B2
A remote starting system for an engine of a vehicle includes a remote start handheld unit. A remote start controller may be positioned at the vehicle for starting the engine based upon the remote start handheld unit and causing the engine to run for a run time period before shutting off the vehicle engine. The remote start controller is resettable based upon the remote start handheld unit to cause the engine to run for an additional run time period while the engine is still running and before shutting off the engine. The remote start handheld unit includes an audible indicator for providing an audible indication to a user prior to expiration of the run time period to permit a user to use the remote start handheld unit to reset the run time period while the engine is still running and before shutting off the engine.
US08410925B2
A portable alarm system includes a wireless receiver configured to receive signals from remote wireless devices and a processor in communication with the wireless receiver, wherein the processor is configured to receive the signals from the wireless receiver. The system further includes an intelligent communications interface in communication with the processor, the intelligent communications interface being configured to receive and translate into wireless digital data at least a portion of the signals from the processor, and transmit the wireless digital data to an external location.
US08410922B2
A dual-technology motion sensor with an ultrasonic sensor element (transducer) and a PIR sensor element is disclosed. The dual-technology motion sensor is configured to modulate ultrasonic radiation emitted from the ultrasonic sensor element when the motion sensor detects a condition under which other wireless devices, especially ultrasound-based wireless devices, are in operation, thereby eliminating problems associated with interference.
US08410917B2
A haptic feedback device for a portable terminal. The haptic feedback device includes an input member, a vibration member that passes through the input member, and serves as a rotation axis of the input member, and a piezo actuator in contact with the vibration member. As the input member rotates or pivots with respect to the rotation axis, the piezo actuator actuates to vibrate the vibration member.
US08410909B2
Embodiments disclosed in the detailed description include cables and connector assemblies employing a furcation tube(s) for radio-frequency identification (RFID)-equipped connectors, and related systems and methods. In one embodiment, a connector assembly is provided that comprises a cable comprising a cable end, an interior area, at least one communication line, and at least one furcation tube disposed in the interior area. The connector assembly also comprises a connector operably connected to the cable end. At least one antenna wire is configured to be electrically connected to at least one RFID tag to serve as at least a portion of an RFID antenna for at least one RFID tag. At least a portion of the at least one antenna wire is disposed inside the furcation tube in the cable. In this manner, the antenna wire is secured inside the rugged packaging of the cable to protect the antenna wire.
US08410908B2
The present invention provides a method for emulating multiple RFID tags for an RFID tag interrogation device, comprising the steps of storing one or more data sets, wherein each data set defines operational properties of an RFID tag, maintaining a list of said one or more data sets, indicating one data set in said list as active data set, receiving an interrogation from said RFID tag interrogation device, emulating, responsive to said interrogation, the operation of the RFID tag according to the active data set; and indicating another data set in said list as active data set. Also provided is a device for emulating multiple RFID tags for an RFID tag interrogation device, comprising a circuit configurable to emulate the operation of an RFID tag, a memory adapted for storing one or more data sets and a list of said one or more data sets, wherein each data set defines operational properties of an RFID tag, and wherein one data set in said list is indicated as active data set, a controller connected with said circuit and said memory, wherein said controller is adapted for being activated by an interrogation from said RFID tag interrogation device, for configuring said circuit according to said active data set, and for indicating another data set within said list as active data set. Furthermore a mobile electronic device comprising this device is provided.
US08410895B2
Low cost, low power consumption radio frequency transceivers are incorporated in barrier operator control systems for transmitting signals between an operator control unit, one or more remote control units, a diagnostic or calibration device and an obstruction detector. Similar detector devices, including such transceivers, may be employed in loading docks for detecting the status of dock levelers and vehicle restraint devices. Radio frequency communication eliminates the need for hard wiring and also provides for transmission of commands and status information between various control units.
US08410888B2
An method for producing a disk winding having disks arranged alongside one another, includes winding the disk winding and fitting intermediate insulation between adjacent disks simultaneously, and subdividing the insulation into two sub-areas with a connecting conductor that runs from an end of one disk to a start of an adjacent disk along a diagonal within the intermediate insulation. The sub-areas can include a first intermediate area with a triangular cross-section formed below this diagonal and a second intermediate area which has an opposite triangular cross-section and formed above this diagonal.
US08410887B2
In a built-in-coil substrate, when viewed in perspective in a stacking direction in which insulating layers of a substrate body are stacked, mutually superposed second coil elements are located further inward than inner peripheries of mutually superposed first coil elements. A cavity is continuous between at least one of the second coil elements and one insulating layer that is in contact with the second coil element(s), and another insulating layer that opposes the second coil element(s) such that the second coil element(s) are exposed, and, when viewed in perspective in the stacking direction, the cavities have annular shapes and extend further inward than the outer peripheries of the mutually superposed first coil elements, there being an interval provided between the cavities and these outer peripheries, and further outward than the inner peripheries of the mutually superposed second coil elements.
US08410883B2
A high voltage dry-type reactor is series-connected via a first terminal to an AC supply voltage and via a second terminal to the AC phase terminal of a high voltage converter and includes a cylindrical coil of insulated wire. In order to protect the reactor from a damaging DC field, the reactor further includes a metallic or resistive electrostatic shield which is connected to a same DC potential as the converter.
US08410872B2
Provided is a line filter. The line filter includes a plurality of dielectric layers stacked one another, a plurality of line resonator each comprising transmission lines on at least two of the dielectric layers, and a tuning unit adjusting a binding amount and resonance frequency of the line resonators. Since the line filter includes at least one line resonator on at least two stacked dielectric layers, the integration can be easily realized. Further, since the line filter can be adjusted even after the line filter is manufacture, the line filter has an excellent frequency property. Since the line filter is realized on the plurality of the dielectric layers, the frequency band can be widened.
US08410870B2
A filter includes: a container; at least one barrier, an input device and an output device. The at least one barrier divide the space of the container into at least two resonant cavities. Each resonant cavity has a harmonic oscillator disposed therein. The harmonic oscillators includes a supporter and a carbon nanotube structure disposed on a surface of the supporter.
US08410860B2
An oscillator includes a resonator section structured such that a dielectric is interposed between first and second conductors and such that the first and second conductors are electrically connected to a resonant tunneling diode, a capacitor section structured such that the dielectric is interposed between the first and second conductors, a line section configured to electrically connect the resonator section and the capacitor section in parallel to each other, and a resistor section configured to electrically connect the first and second conductors to each other. A first position of the resonator section and a second position of the capacitor section are connected to each other by the line section so that the first position and the second position are substantially electrically equivalent to each other in a wavelength range larger than a wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that resonates in the resonator section.
US08410850B2
A signal processing apparatus for processing an input signal (x) has an adaptive predistorter, an amplifier and a down-converter. The amplifier is configured to amplify a processed signal (y′) to obtain an amplified signal (y″). The down-converter is configured to multiply a version of the processed signal (y′) with a version of the amplified signal (y″), one of the signal versions being phase shifted, to obtain a first down-converted signal (z1, z1′), and to multiply the processed signal (y′) with the amplified signal (y″) to obtain a second down-converted signal (z2, z2′). The predistorter is configured to predistort the input signal (x) according to a predistortion characteristic to obtain the processed signal (y′), the predistorter being further configured to adapt the predistortion characteristic based on the first down-converted signal (z1, z1′) and the second down-converted signal (z2, z2′).
US08410836B2
A phase locked loop includes a phase detector configured to compare a phase of an input clock with a phase of a feedback clock to produce a phase comparison result, an initial frequency value provider configured to detect a frequency of the input clock and provide a frequency detection result, a controller configured to generate a frequency control signal based on the phase comparison result and the frequency detection result, and an oscillator configured to generate an output clock in response to the frequency control signal.
US08410830B2
An apparatus includes an injection locking frequency divider, which includes a first resonant tank that has a first resonance frequency and a common mode path that includes a second resonant tank, and has a second resonance frequency that is a harmonic of the first resonance frequency. The second resonant tank is adapted to receive a first signal having an oscillation frequency near the harmonic of the first resonance frequency to cause the first resonant tank to provide a second signal that is locked to the first signal.
US08410823B2
Aspects of a method and system for an integrated LC resonant current gain boosting amplifier may include amplifying within a chip, via an on-chip LC current gain circuit, an alternating current (AC) generated by an on-chip voltage-to-current converter, and converting within the chip, via an on-chip current-to-voltage circuit; the amplified alternating current to an output voltage. The on-chip LC current gain circuit comprises only passive components, which may include one or more resistors, one or more capacitors, and one or more inductors.
US08410808B2
Provided is an anisotropic conductive connector and a prove member, each of which ensures that all of the conductive parts exhibit uniform conductivity when a pressing force is applied, even when the inspection target wafer has a large area and total number of inspection target electrodes of integrated circuits is 10,000 or more, and a wafer inspection system including the probe member. The anisotropic conductive connector includes a frame plate in which a plurality of anisotropic conductive film placement holes are formed, and elastic anisotropic conductive films respectively disposed in the anisotropic conductive film placement holes in the frame plate and supported by a peripheral part of the frame plate around the corresponding anisotropic conductive film placement hole, each of the elastic anisotropic conductive films includes a plurality of connection conductive parts each extending in a thicknesswise direction of the elastic anisotropic conductive film, being disposed corresponding to a connection target electrode, and comprising an elastic polymer substance and magnetic conductive particles densely contained in the elastic polymer substance; and an insulating part that insulates the connection conductive parts to one another, and the connection conductive parts of the elastic anisotropic conductive films disposed in a peripheral area of the frame plate having a thickness smaller than that of the connection conductive parts of the elastic anisotropic conductive films disposed in a center area of the frame plate.
US08410788B2
A method of diagnosing an electronic display device (1) having a screen (3) and a graphics memory (2) in which image data (14), of an image displayed or to be displayed on the screen (3), are one of stored or changed. A measured value (15) characterizes a current consumption or the change in current consumption of the screen (3) or display device (1) while a reference value (16) characterizes the current consumption or the change in current consumption of the screen (3) or display device (1) on the basis of the image data (14) or the change in image data (14). The method compares the reference value (16) to the measured value (15) to determine any malfunction or error in the electronic display device (1).
US08410787B2
An integrated circuit comprises a plurality of clock domains (10, 12). Test data is shifted into the integrated circuit through a scan chain (100, 14, 104). In a test mode a connection is interrupted between a functional output of a first clock domain (10) and a functional input of a second clock domain (12). Test data is applied from the scan chain (100, 14, 104) to the functional input and a test response is captured into from the functional output. A delay circuit (24, 28) is used to delay transfer of the test result from the scan cell (21) to the functional input when the test result is captured in the scan cell (21), to ensure that timing differences between the clock domains do not affect the test. Subsequently the test result is shifted through the scan chain.
US08410786B1
A distance to PIM measurement circuit is made using a device such as an AWS transceiver that has separate transmit and receive bands. With a typical AWS transceiver placed in close proximity to a PCS transceiver, the AWS device will include a band reject filter to eliminate interference from the PCS signals. The PIM measurement circuit includes two frequency sources F1 and F2 that are provided through a combiner for characterization of the PIM circuit. To enable distance determination, an FM measurement is created by using a offset sweep generator attached to one of the two frequency sources. To avoid frequencies blocked by the band reject filter, a desired harmonic of a test PIM harmonic signal is selected outside the band of the band reject filter. In one embodiment, a reference signal is provided by mixing a signal from an xM multiplier connected to the F1 source with an xN multiplier signal connected to the F2 source, the mixed output being filtered to select the desired harmonic reference signal to avoid the band reject filter. In another embodiment, a reference signal is created by generating all harmonics of the combined F1 and F2 signal using a series connected amplifier and clipping diodes with a filter again used to select the desired harmonic reference signal to avoid the band reject filter.
US08410783B2
One particular implementation conforming to aspects of the present invention takes the form of a method for detecting the end of life of a battery for an electronic device. The method may include calculating the voltage of the battery in an unloaded state, holding the sampled unloaded battery voltage, measuring a loaded battery voltage, calculating the difference between the unloaded and loaded battery voltages and amplifying the calculated difference. Other implementations may take the form of a circuit to perform one or more of the operations of the above method. The circuit may include a sample and hold section and a differential amplifier to provide the amplified difference to a microcontroller for analysis. The microcontroller may also provide a warning or indication to the device or to a user of the device when the battery nears the end of life.
US08410774B2
An electromagnetic motion sensor includes a base, an electromagnetic induction layer, a block, and an emitting coil. The electromagnetic induction layer with a plurality of induction coils is arranged on the bottom of the base. The block is movably connected to the base by a plurality of elastic members. The emitting coil is fixed to a center of the bottom of the block facing the induction layer. A circuit inside the block provides current to the emitting coil. The block moves with the jerk of the motion sensor when the motion sensor is jerked, causing the elastic members to be distorted. The relative movement between the block and the magnetic induction layer causes more than one of the induction coils generate and output voltage signals according to the change of magnetic flux through the plurality of induction coils caused by the moving of the emitting coil.
US08410766B2
A power supply circuit and a method for operating the power supply circuit are described. In one embodiment, a power supply circuit includes multiple power elements configured to convert an input voltage to an output voltage, a driver circuit coupled to the power elements and configured to drive the power elements, a regulator controller coupled to the power elements and configured to control the power elements for the conversion of the input voltage to the output voltage, and at least one bypass switch coupled to the power elements. The at least one bypass switch is used to bypass at least one of the power elements. Other embodiments are also described.
US08410761B2
A control circuit for use with an AC alternator has a plurality of outlet lines leading from the alternator, each receiving a phase of current generated by the alternator. Tap lines are associated with each of the power lines and are associated with a switch. The switches drain power to a drain when in a first state, and allow the power to pass downstream to a system load when in a second state. A switch control changes the switches between the first and second state. A detector detects when the current signal is approaching a zero crossing between a cycle positive portion and a negative portion. The switch control takes in the information with regard to the approaching zero crossing, and change the switches between the first and second states based upon the detected zero crossing point. An alternator is also disclosed.
US08410756B2
A battery pack is provided with a plurality of battery modules; a pack main body that removably receives the plurality of battery modules; a movable member that prohibits the plurality of battery modules from being attached to and removed from the pack main body at a first position; at least one sensor that detects whether the movable member is located at the first position or not; and a controller that performs at least one predetermined processing based on detection by the at least one sensor.
US08410746B2
The present invention provides an inverter circuit for a vehicle, which includes: a switching unit that includes a plurality of switching elements and switches a direct current into an alternating current; and a variable clamping unit that clamps an overshoot in case the overshoot is generated, and stops the operation of the switching unit in case a system voltage is greater than a clamping breakdown voltage. The circuit enables a voltage (DC input voltage) greater than a breakdown voltage of clamping unit to be used as a system voltage.
US08410726B2
A solid state lamp, such as one that can replace an incandescent light bulb, has a base portion having an electrical connector for connection to a source of power, such as an Edison-type connector for connection to the mains voltage. An AC/DC converter in the base converts the mains voltage to a suitable light emitting diode (LED) drive voltage. A plurality of receptacles on the base connects to electrodes of plug-in modules. Each plug-in module supports a plurality of low power LEDs connected in series. The strings of LEDs on different modules are connected in parallel when connected to the receptacles. The modules and base are configured to allow a user to operate the lamp with different combinations of modules to generate a desired light output from the lamp. For example, the user can recreate the lumens equivalent of a 20 W, 40 W, or 60 W bulb by using one, two, or three modules.
US08410718B2
A dimmer conduction angle detection circuit, and systems and methods incorporating the same, is disclosed. The circuit receives a gate drive signal from a PFC circuit and provides a dimmer reference level signal representative of a dimmer circuit's dimmer setting in response. The circuit includes a comparator with first and second inputs that provides a pulse-width modulated output in response to comparing signals received at the inputs. The pulse-width modulated output has a pulse width representative of the dimmer circuit's dimmer setting. The circuit also includes an input network, coupled to the comparator, to receive the gate drive signal and to provide an output, in response, to the comparator's first input. The circuit also includes a threshold supply circuit to provide a threshold voltage to the comparator's second input, and a filter, coupled to the comparator, to convert the comparator's pulse-width modulated output to the dimmer reference level signal.
US08410711B2
In one embodiment, a driving circuit includes an AC/DC converter which converts an AC voltage to a DC voltage and a DC/DC linear regulator which regulates a current through, e.g., an LED light source, according to a first current reference if a monitoring signal indicating the DC voltage is within a predetermined range, and regulates the current according to a second current reference less than the first current reference if the monitoring signal is beyond the predetermined range. In another embodiment, a controller controlling power to an LED light source turns on a first plurality of LEDs and turns off a second plurality of LEDs if a monitoring signal indicative of a DC voltage received by the LED light source is within a predetermined range, and turns on both first and second plurality of LEDs if the monitoring signal is beyond the predetermined range.
US08410698B2
A high pressure gas discharge lamp includes a discharge vessel with electrodes that project into a discharge space of a volume of 12-20 mm3. The discharge space has a filling of rare gas and a metal halide composition which is free of mercury. The metal halide composition includes at least halides of Sodium and Scandium with a mass ratio of halides of Sodium and Scandium of 0.9-1.5. The lamp further includes an outer enclosure provided around the discharge vessel. The outer enclosure is sealed and filled with a gas at a pressure below 1 bar. The lamp has an efficiency equal to or greater than 90 Im/W in a steady state operation at an electrical power of 25 W.
US08410695B1
A gas discharge device having one or more substrates and a multiplicity of gas discharge cells, each cell confined within a hollow plasma-shell filled with an ionizable gas. The device contains inorganic and/or organic luminescent materials that are excited by a gas discharge within each plasma-shell. The luminescent material is located on an exterior and/or interior surface of the plasma-shell and/or incorporated into the plasma-shell. Up-conversion and down-conversion materials may be used.
US08410689B2
A stacked body comprising a light emitting layer and a light detecting element which detects light emitted by the light emitting layer. The light detecting element has a light detecting region which overlaps a light emitting surface of the light emitting layer as viewed in the thickness direction of the light emitting layer.
US08410679B2
An LED includes a chip having a light emitting surface, and a coating of phosphor-containing material on the light emitting surface. Phosphor particles are arranged in a densely packed layer within the coating at the light emitting surface, and such that the light emitting surface is in contacting relationship with the phosphor particles.
US08410673B2
A spark plug having a center electrode and a ground electrode including a ground electrode main body part having an end thereof facing the center electrode and a noble metal tip joined to the ground electrode main body part at a position facing a leading end of the center electrode, a spark discharge gap being formed between the leading end of the center electrode and the noble metal tip, wherein at least a portion of the ground electrode main body part, to which the noble metal tip is joined, is made of an Ni alloy containing 12 to 45 mass % of Cr, 7 mass % or less of Fe, 0.5 to 5 mass % of Al, 0.3 to 5 mass % of Si and 50 mass % or more of the balance, and wherein the joined portion and the noble metal tip are joined by laser welding or electron beam welding.
US08410672B2
An arrangement for heat dissipation for a heat generating electrical component (10) comprising a heat generating electrical component (10) arranged on the printed circuit board (20), in thermal contact with a thermally conductive layer (23) of the PCB. A thermally conductive mounting element (40) is attached to the thermally conductive layer (23) by means of soldering, and has a connecting portion (43) adapted to engage with a recess (31) in the heat sink (30); thereby enabling attachment of the printed circuit board (20) to the heat sink (30); wherein a thermal path is provided, from the heat generating electrical component (10), via the thermally conductive layer (23) and the mounting element (40), to the heat sink (30). By utilizing a thermally conductive mounting element, heat dissipation can be achieved with a PCB provided with a single thermally conductive layer, rather than the multi layer PCB required in prior art arrangements. As no screws and/or adhesives are used to attached the PCB to the heat sink, the PCB may easily be removed, and the problem of bending caused by differences in coefficient of thermal expansion is overcome.
US08410661B2
A method of generating electrical energy in an integrated circuit that may include setting into motion a (3D) three-dimensional enclosed space in the integrated circuit. The 3D enclosed space may include a piezoelectric element and a free moving object therein. The method may also include producing the electrical energy from impact between the free moving object and the piezoelectric element during the motion.
US08410651B2
Disclosed is a driving device for a vehicle unit. Said driving device (10) comprises a pole housing (12) in which at least a portion of the driving motor (14) is arranged as well as a transmission housing (16) in which a transmission device (18) is arranged that can be driven by the driving motor (14). Said driving device (10) is characterized in that at least a portion of or essentially the entire pole housing (12) and/or transmission housing (16) has/have a metal shield.
US08410649B2
A power supply connecting member is configured by a housing of the power supply connecting member molded with a terminal of the power supply connecting member by a resin. The terminal of the power supply connecting member has three bent portions, two bent portions are perpendicular to an axial direction before the terminal is bent, and the remaining bent portion is parallel to the axial direction before the terminal is bent. A distal end on a bending side of the terminal of the power supply connecting member is inserted into the power supply connecting member housing to configure the power supply connecting member. An output shaft support portion unit is configured such that a bearing to hold a rotor and an elastic member (spring for example) to hold the bearing are stored in a bottom cover (lower cover) having a recessed portion and a lid cover (upper cover) is press-fitted.
US08410647B2
The invention provides systems and methods for cooling and lubrication of high power density electric machines with an enhanced fluid injection system. A plurality of fluid flow passages may be provided within the electric machine. A method for fluid distribution for cooling and lubrication of the electric machine may comprise providing a fluid distribution manifold with at least one inlet and a plurality of distribution openings leading to a plurality of fluid flow passages within the machine. The fluid within the electric machine may be used to cool and/or lubricate internal components of the electric machine.
US08410642B2
A linear vibrator is disclosed. The linear vibrator includes a housing having a base and a cover, a number of elastic members connected to the housing, a vibrating unit suspended in the housing by the elastic members, and a coil positioned in the housing. The base has a bottom wall and a plurality of sidewalls extending vertically from the bottom wall. The vibrating unit has a magnet assembly and vibrates along a direction parallel to the bottom wall. The base further has a block located on the bottom wall. The block is located on a vibration path of the weight contacting the weight during vibration. An effective elastic displacement of the elastic member is not smaller than a distance between the block and a part contacting the block of the weight.
US08410640B2
An electric power converter has a semiconductor module and a capacitor. The positive side semiconductor module has a positive terminal and the 1st intermediate terminal while the negative side semiconductor module has a negative terminal and the 2nd intermediate terminal. These terminals are formed in projected forms. The positive terminal and the negative terminal are connected to the capacitor by a positive bus bar and a negative bus bar, respectively. The 1st intermediate terminal and the 2nd intermediate terminal are connected each other by an intermediate bus bar. The positive and the negative side semiconductor modules, the capacitor, the positive, the negative and the intermediate bus bars constitute one closed circuit. The direction of the each current that flows to each of the main part portion, the positive, the negative and the intermediate bus bars opposes the neighboring current when a closed current flows in the closed circuit.
US08410639B2
Electronic leakage reduction techniques are provided, whereby a device is configured to detect characteristics of an appliance and its power supply when the appliance is off or otherwise placed in a mode for reduced power use by said appliance, and whereby voltage and power provided to the appliance are then substantially reduced. In other aspects of the invention, user behavior may also manually control power delivered to the appliance, for example, with a switch. In still other aspects of the invention, a device is configured to detect characteristics of an appliance and its power supply when the appliance is on or otherwise placed in a mode for higher power use by said appliance, and increases power to the appliance.
US08410634B2
A grid-connected power storage system for coupling a power generation system to a grid, including: a main battery for discharging stored power to the load system; at least one additional battery coupled to the main battery for discharging stored power to the load system; a bidirectional converter coupled to the main and additional batteries, and including a plurality of switches for performing a conversion between a DC link voltage, between the power generation system and the grid, and a battery voltage, a first switch of the plurality of switches corresponding to the main battery and a second switch of the plurality of switches corresponding to the additional battery, wherein the first and second switches are connected to each other in parallel; and an integrated controller for selectively controlling operations of the first switch and the second switch based on an amount of power used by the load system.
US08410628B1
An electrical generating system includes a series of turbine generator assemblies installed within a system housing. The generator assemblies include a turbine assembly attached to a generator assembly. Airflow across the turbine assembly drives the generator assembly. The electrical power generated is transferred to a power management unit via a series of electrical conductors. The turbine assemblies are configured having less than half of a turbine wheel exposed externally from the system housing, allowing the turbines to be driven by passing airflow.
US08410621B2
Disclosed is a heat engine following an intermediate form between an ideal Carnot engine and a Stirling engine and having high thermal efficiency. The heat engine includes a cylinder in which operating gas is filled; a high temperature heater which heats a front end part of the cylinder and thermally expands the operating gas; a low temperature cooler which cools a rear end part of the cylinder and contracts the operating gas; and a piston which is accommodated inside the cylinder to rectilinearly reciprocate as the operating gas is thermally expanded and contracted, and includes a heat opening to make the operating gas directly contact the high temperature heater or the low temperature cooler.
US08410613B2
The semiconductor device has insulating films 40, 42 formed over a substrate 10; an interconnection 58 buried in at least a surface side of the insulating films 40, 42; insulating films 60, 62 formed on the insulating film 42 and including a hole-shaped via-hole 60 and a groove-shaped via-hole 66a having a pattern bent at a right angle; and buried conductors 70, 72a buried in the hole-shaped via-hole 60 and the groove-shaped via-hole 66a. A groove-shaped via-hole 66a is formed to have a width which is smaller than a width of the hole-shaped via-hole 66. Defective filling of the buried conductor and the cracking of the inter-layer insulating film can be prevented. Steps on the conductor plug can be reduced. Accordingly, defective contact with the upper interconnection layer and the problems taking place in forming films can be prevented.
US08410609B2
The present invention relates to a semiconductor device structure and a method for manufacturing the same; the structure comprises: a semiconductor substrate on which a device structure is formed thereon; an interlayer dielectric layer formed on the device structure, wherein a trench is formed in the interlayer dielectric layer, the trench comprises an incorporated via trench and a conductive wiring trench, and the conductive wiring trench is positioned on the via trench; and a conductive layer filled in the trench, wherein the conductive layer is electrically connected with the device structure; wherein the conductive layer comprises a conductive material and a nanotube/wire layer surrounded by the conductive material. Wherein, the conductive layer comprises a conductive material and a nanotube/wire layer surrounded by the conductive material. The conductive layer of the structure has better thermal conductivity, conductivity and high anti-electromigration capability, thus is able to effectively prevent metal ions from diffusing outwards.
US08410608B2
According to one embodiment, a device includes an insulating layer with a first trench, a first interconnect layer in the first trench, the first interconnect layer including copper and includes a concave portion, and a first graphene sheet on an inner surface of the concave portion.
US08410607B2
A semiconductor structure includes a transistor over a substrate, the transistor comprising a gate and a contact region, which is adjacent to the gate and within the substrate. A first dielectric layer is over the contact region. A contact structure is within the first dielectric layer and over the contact region. A first electrode and a second electrode are within the first dielectric layer, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is over the contact structure. The first electrode and second electrodes may be laterally or vertically separated. A phase change structure is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The phase change structure includes at least one spacer within the first dielectric layer and a phase change material (PCM) layer over the spacer.
US08410604B2
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor die and a plurality of lead-free solder bumps disposed on a surface of the semiconductor die. A substrate includes a plurality of metal layers and a plurality of dielectric layers. One of the metal layers includes a plurality of contact pads corresponding to the plurality of lead-free solder bumps, and one of the dielectric layers is an exterior dielectric layer having a plurality of respective openings for the contact pad. A plurality of respective copper posts is disposed on the contact pads. The respective copper post for each contact pad extends from the contact pad through the respective opening for the contact pad. The semiconductor die is mounted on the substrate with connections between the plurality of lead-free solder bumps and the plurality of copper posts.
US08410597B2
A 3D semiconductor device includes a conductive plate defining four sides and four recesses formed in the four sides, respectively. The conductive plate has first and second surfaces opposite to each other. A plurality of conductive leads are located in the recesses, respectively, and the conductive leads have first and second surfaces opposite to each other. A semiconductor die is attached onto the central area of the conductive plate. A plurality of conductive wires electrically connects the semiconductor die to the conductive leads. An encapsulant encloses, as in a capsule, the conductive plate, the conductive leads, the semiconductor die, and the conductive wires in such a manner that the first and second surfaces of the conductive plate and the first and second surfaces of the conductive leads are exposed to the outside.
US08410595B2
A semiconductor device is disclosed. At least one semiconductor chip is mounted on a substrate and is contacted to contact elements of the substrate. The encapsulation of the semiconductor chip includes the substrate, a cover and a pocket within the connected substrate and cover. The pocket is able to fix the chip in its position, and the cover is composed of the same material as the substrate.
US08410593B2
A process for manufacturing a semiconductor device envisages the steps of: positioning a frame structure, provided with a supporting plate carrying a die of semiconductor material, within a molding cavity of a mold; and introducing encapsulating material within the molding cavity for the formation of a package, designed to encapsulate the die. The frame structure is further provided with a prolongation element mechanically coupled to the supporting plate inside the molding cavity and coming out of the molding cavity, and the process further envisages the steps of: controlling positioning of the supporting plate within the molding cavity with the aid of the prolongation element; and, during the step of introducing encapsulating material, separating and moving the prolongation element away from the supporting plate.
US08410582B2
A semiconductor p-i-n diode and method for forming the same are described herein. In one aspect, a SiGe region is formed between a region doped to have one conductivity (either p+ or n+) and an electrical contact to the p-i-n diode. The SiGe region may serve to lower the contact resistance, which may increase the forward bias current. The doped region extends below the SiGe region such that it is between the SiGe region and an intrinsic region of the diode. The p-i-n diode may be formed from silicon. The doped region below the SiGe region may serve to keep the reverse bias current from increasing as result of the added SiGe region. In one embodiment, the SiGe is formed such that the forward bias current of an up-pointing p-i-n diode in a memory array substantially matches the forward bias current of a down-pointing p-i-n diode which may achieve better switching results when these diodes are used with the R/W material in a 3D memory array.
US08410579B2
In one embodiment, an integrated circuit (IC) is presented. The IC includes first and second sets of power distribution lines formed in the IC. The IC includes first and second capacitors formed in one or more layers of the IC. A first plurality of vias couple a first input of the first and second capacitors to the first set of power distribution lines, and a second plurality of vias couple a second input of the first and second capacitors to the second set of power distribution lines. The first capacitor and the first plurality of vias and the second plurality of vias coupled thereto having an equivalent series resistance greater than an equivalent series resistance of the second capacitor and the first plurality of vias and the second plurality of vias coupled thereto.
US08410578B2
A semiconductor component and methods for manufacturing the semiconductor component that includes a monolithically integrated passive device. In accordance with embodiments, the monolithically integrated passive device includes an inductor formed from damascene structures.
US08410571B2
A layout of dummy patterns on a wafer having a plurality of pads disposed thereon is described. The layout of the dummy patterns includes having a plurality of dummy patterns spaced apart from each other and enclosing the plurality of the pads. The plurality of dummy patterns also include a plurality of peripheral dummy patterns and a plurality of central dummy patterns, wherein a minimum distance between the plurality of the central dummy patterns and the plurality of the pads is greater a minimum distance between the plurality of the peripheral dumpy patterns and the plurality of the pads.
US08410561B2
An electronic device, including a substrate, a functional structure constituting a functional element formed on the substrate, and a cover structure forming a cavity portion in which the functional structure is disposed, is disclosed. In the electronic device, the cover structure includes a laminated structure of an interlayer insulating film and a wiring layer, the laminated structure being formed on the substrate in such a way that it surrounds the cavity portion, and the cover structure has an upside cover portion covering the cavity portion from above, the upside cover portion being formed with part of the wiring layer that is disposed above the functional structure.
US08410548B2
In one embodiment, a method comprises forming an epitaxial layer over a substrate of an opposite conductivity type, the epitaxial layer being separated by a buffer layer having a doping concentration that is substantially constant in a vertical direction down to the buffer layer. A pair of spaced-apart trenches is formed in the epitaxial layer from a top surface of the epitaxial layer down at least into the buffer layer. A dielectric material is formed in the trenches over the first and second sidewall portions. Source/collector and body regions of are formed at the top of the epitaxial layer, the body region separating the source/collector region of the pillar from a drift region of the epitaxial layer that extends from the body region to the buffer layer. An insulated gate member is then formed in each of the trenches adjacent to and insulated from the body region.
US08410545B2
A semiconductor memory includes a semiconductor substrate, a buried insulating film formed on a part of an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and a semiconductor layer formed on another part of the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate. Each of the memory cell transistors comprises a first-conductivity-type source region, a first-conductivity-type drain region, and a first-conductivity-type channel region arranged in the semiconductor layer in the column direction, and a gate portion formed on a side surface of the channel region in the row direction.
US08410543B2
In a non-volatile memory in which writing/erasing is performed by changing a total charge amount by injecting electrons and holes into a silicon nitride film serving as a charge accumulation layer, in order to realize a high efficiency of a hole injection from a gate electrode, the gate electrode of a memory cell comprises a laminated structure made of a plurality of polysilicon films with different impurity concentrations, for example, a two-layered structure comprising a p-type polysilicon film with a low impurity concentration and a p+-type polysilicon film with a high impurity concentration deposited thereon.
US08410541B2
There is provided a CMOSFET device with threshold voltage controlled by means of interface dipoles and a method of fabricating the same. A cap layer, for example a very thin layer of poly-silicon, amorphous silicon, or SiO2, is interposed inside high-k gate dielectric layers of the CMOSFET device, and the threshold voltage is adjusted by means of the interface dipoles formed by the cap layer inside the high-k gate dielectric layers. According to the present invention, it is possible to effectively optimize the threshold voltage of the CMOSFET device without significantly increasing EOT thereof.
US08410531B2
A thin film transistor having Schottky barrier includes a substrate, a first gate conductive layer formed on the substrate, a first semiconductor layer having a first conductive type formed on the first gate conductive layer, a source conductive layer and a drain conductive layer electrically isolated from each other and positioned on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer having a second conductive type formed on the source conductive layer and the drain conductive layer, and a second gate conductive layer formed on the second semiconductor layer. The first conductive type is complementary to the second conductive type.
US08410526B2
A semiconductor integrated circuit device with reduced cell size including a first tap formed in a first direction to supply a power-supply potential, a second tap formed in the first direction to supply a power-supply potential and positioned to confront the first tap in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a standard cell formed between the first and second taps, a cell height (distance) between the center of the first tap and that of the second tap both in the second direction set to ((an integer+0.5)×a wiring pitch of the second-layer wiring lines) or (an integer+0.25×a wiring pitch of the second-layer wiring lines.
US08410512B2
Solid state light emitting apparatus with thermal management structures and methods of manufacturing
Provided are apparatus and methods corresponding to a solid state light emitting element. Such methods include mounting, to a thermally conductive component, a solid state light emitting element that includes first and second electrical connection points that are configured to be conductively engaged on a first side of a circuit structure. The solid state light emitting element is electrically insulated from the thermally conductive component to provide that electrical connections are arranged on the first side of the circuit structure and heat is conducted to a second side of the circuit structure that is opposite the first side of the circuit structure.
US08410507B2
A luminous means (1) including at least one optoelectronic semiconductor device (2) which emits electromagnetic radiation during operation at at least one first wavelength (L1) and at at least one second wavelength (L2), wherein the first wavelength (L1) and the second wavelength (L2) differ from one another and are below 500 nm, in particular between 200 nm and 500 nm. Furthermore, the luminous means (1) includes at least one conversion means (3) which converts the first wavelength (L1) at least partly into radiation having a different frequency. The radiation spectrum emitted by the luminous means (1) during operation is metameric with respect to a black body spectrum. Such a luminous means makes it possible to choose the first wavelength and the second wavelength in such a way that a high color rendering quality and a high efficiency of the luminous means can be realized simultaneously.
US08410506B2
Provided is a high-efficiency light emitting diode (LED) that includes: a support substrate; a semiconductor stack positioned on the support substrate, the semiconductor stack including a p-type compound semiconductor layer, an active layer, and an n-type compound semiconductor layer; a first electrode positioned between the support substrate and the semiconductor stack and in ohmic contact with the semiconductor stack; a first bonding pad positioned on a portion of the first electrode that is exposed outside of the semiconductor stack; and a second electrode positioned on the semiconductor stack. Protrusions are formed on exposed surfaces of the semiconductor stack. In addition, the second electrode may be positioned between the first electrode and the support substrate and contacted with the n-type compound semiconductor layer through openings of the semiconductor stack.
US08410496B2
Exemplary embodiments provide semiconductor devices including high-quality (i.e., defect free) group III-N nanowires and uniform group III-N nanowire arrays as well as their scalable processes for manufacturing, where the position, orientation, cross-sectional features, length and the crystallinity of each nanowire can be precisely controlled. A pulsed growth mode can be used to fabricate the disclosed group III-N nanowires and/or nanowire arrays providing a uniform length of about 10 nm to about 1000 microns with constant cross-sectional features including an exemplary diameter of about 10-1000 nm. In addition, high-quality GaN substrate structures can be formed by coalescing the plurality of GaN nanowires and/or nanowire arrays to facilitate the fabrication of visible LEDs and lasers. Furthermore, core-shell nanowire/MQW active structures can be formed by a core-shell growth on the nonpolar sidewalls of each nanowire.
US08410493B2
A semiconductor device sends and receives electrical signals. The semiconductor device includes a first substrate provided with a first circuit region containing a first circuit; a multi-level interconnect structure provided on the first substrate; a first inductor provided in the multi-level interconnect structure so as to include the first circuit region; and a second inductor provided in the multi-level interconnect structure so as to include the first circuit region, wherein one of the first inductor and the second inductor is connected to the first circuit and the other of the first inductor and the second inductor is connected to a second circuit.
US08410491B2
Semiconductor light emitting device packaging methods include fabricating a substrate configured to mount a semiconductor light emitting device thereon. The substrate may include a cavity configured to mount the semiconductor light emitting device therein. The semiconductor light emitting device is mounted on the substrate and electrically connected to a contact portion of the substrate. The substrate is liquid injection molded to form an optical element bonded to the substrate over the semiconductor light emitting device. Liquid injection molding may be preceded by applying a soft resin on the electrically connected semiconductor light emitting device in the cavity. Semiconductor light emitting device substrate strips are also provided.
US08410487B1
A manufacturing method and a structure of a light-emitting diode (LED) chip are disclosed. The method includes the steps of: providing a conductive block; providing an epitaxial block; bonding; removing an epitaxial substrate; making independent LEDs; forming a dielectric layer; and making electrical connection. A first LED, a second LED, and a third LED are formed on the conductive block, wherein the first and second LEDs are electrically connected in series, and the second and third LEDs are electrically connected in parallel. Thus, a basic unit with a flexible design of series- and parallel-connected LEDs can be formed to increase the variety and application of LED chip-based designs.
US08410484B2
A flat display device is provided. The flat display device a substrate divided into an active region for displaying an image and a peripheral region that does not display the image, and includes: a gate line that crosses a data line to define a pixel region in the active region; a thin film transistor in a region near a crossing of the gate line and the data line; a first common electrode in the pixel region; a storage electrode on the first common electrode to provide storage capacitance; a pixel electrode electrically connected with the storage electrode and overlapping the pixel region, the data line, and the gate line; and an ink film covering the active region and the peripheral region, and having microcapsules including charged particles.
US08410481B2
A pixel structure including a first scan line, a second scan line, a data line and a power line substantially perpendicular to the first scan line and the second scan line, a reference signal line and an emission signal line substantially parallel with the first scan line and the second scan line, a common thin film transistor (C-TFT), a first pixel unit, and a second pixel unit is provided. The common thin film transistor has a common gate electrode, a common source electrode and a common drain electrode. The common gate electrode is electrically connected to the first scan line, the common drain electrode is electrically connected to the reference signal line. The first and the second pixel units respectively have a first TFT, a second TFT, a third TFT, a fourth TFT, a fifth TFT, a sixth TFT, a capacitor, and an emission device.
US08410473B2
A light emitting device includes: a first layer made of a semiconductor of a first conductivity type; a second layer made of a semiconductor of a second conductivity type; an active layer including a multiple quantum well provided between the first layer and the second layer, impurity concentration of the first conductivity type in each barrier layer of the multiple quantum well having a generally flat distribution or increasing toward the second layer, average of the impurity concentration in the barrier layer on the second layer side as viewed from each well layer of the multiple quantum well being equal to or greater than average of the impurity concentration in the barrier layer on the first layer side, and average of the impurity concentration in the barrier layer nearest to the second layer being higher than average of the impurity concentration in the barrier layer nearest to the first layer.
US08410464B2
An optical coupler has a first terminal board and a second terminal board, a first conversion element for converting an electrical signal into an optical signal mounted on a surface of a first element mounting section of the first terminal board, a second conversion element for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal mounted on a surface of a second element mounting section of the second terminal board; and a light reflective curved surface formed so as to cover the first conversion element and the second conversion element. The surfaces of the first element mounting section and the second element mounting section have the same orientation. An optical signal emitted from the first conversion element is reflected on the light reflective curved surface, to optically couple the first conversion element and the second conversion element. The second conversion element has a plurality of light receiving cells that are electrically connected in series, arrayed in parallel with one another, and longer in a longitudinal direction than in a width direction. The first conversion element is arranged inside an area sandwiched between two contact lines that are set so as to be in contact with an outline of the second conversion element, and are in parallel with a length direction of the light receiving cells.
US08410461B2
A method comprises attenuating, while involved in a human adversarial situation, one's own emanated electromagnetic field at frequencies less than about 1 gigahertz by wearing one or more articles of apparel that include an electromagnetically shielding fabric. Another method comprises (i) providing to the user the one or more articles of apparel that include an electromagnetically shielding fabric, and (ii) instructing the user to wear at least one of the articles of apparel while involved in the human adversarial situation. The shielding fabric comprises a substantially continuous system of conductive fibers combined with a non-conductive fabric and attenuates the emanated electromagnetic field at frequencies less than about 1 gigahertz. Attenuating the emanated electromagnetic field at frequencies less than about 1 gigahertz decreases the likelihood of that emanated field affecting progress or an outcome of the human adversarial situation.
US08410459B2
An ion implantation device and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is described, wherein ionized boron hydride molecular clusters are implanted to form P-type transistor structures. For example, in the fabrication of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) devices, the clusters are implanted to provide P-type doping for Source and Drain structures and for Polygates; these doping steps are critical to the formation of PMOS transistors. The molecular cluster ions have the chemical form BnHx+ and BnHx−, where 10≦n≦100 and 0≦x≦n+4.
US08410456B2
A measurement data correction method is provided. A living organism is employed as a test sample, fluorescent light generated by excitation light from a fluorescent substance administered to the test sample is received by a light receiving component at a plurality of locations around the periphery of the test sample in a flat plane passing through an observation site of the test sample, and the method is employed for reconstruction of an optical tomographic image of the test sample along the flat plane passing through the observation site. The method includes: generating corrected measurement data, as measurement data to be used in reconstruction of an optical tomographic image along the flat plane passing through the observation site of the test sample, from an obtained first measurement data and an obtained first standardization measurement data using a defined correction coefficient.
US08410454B2
A multi-channel scanning system adapted to implement a low channel cross-talk, extra-wide dynamic range scanning method by scanning the same location more than once, wherein at least one time, the power of the excitation light and detector gain are set to High for at least one of the channels and Low for at least one of the other channels and different settings are used in subsequent scans. The scans of the same channel taken with different High and Low settings are merged together to produce one wider dynamic range image.
US08410443B1
An apparatus for simultaneous detection of backscattered electrons and photons from a sample. The device includes a direct detection backscattered electron detector and a photon detector. The backscattered electron detector has a reflective surface that reflects photons emitted by the sample onto the photon detector.
US08410441B2
In a thermal imaging camera for acquisition of thermographic images of a measurement object, an electronic evaluation unit is integrated into the thermal imaging camera; it is designed for recognition of corresponding partial regions of the acquired thermographic images, and with it, the acquired images can be assembled into an overall image by overlapping the corresponding partial regions and displayed. The acquisition of the images preferably takes place during the swiveling of the thermal imaging camera over the solid angle region of the desired overall image.
US08410433B2
A cathode configuration for emission of electrons has a reaction zone connected to an entrance opening for the supply of neutral particles. The opening communicates with the cathode configuration for the ionization of the neutral particles and an ion extraction system communicates with the reaction zone. Ions from the extraction system are sent to a detection system and a mechanism for the evacuation of the mass spectrometer arrangement. The cathode configuration includes a field emission cathode with an emitter surface, wherein at a short distance from this emitter surface, an extraction grid is disposed for the extraction of electrons, which grid substantially covers the emitter surface. The emitter surface encompasses herein at least partially a hollow volume such that a tubular structure is formed.
US08410432B2
A ion mobility-based analyzer system including a first ion mobility-based filter for passing selected ions through a time-varying field where the time-varying field being compensated by an adjustable compensation setting. The analyzer also includes a second ion mobility-based filter for receiving a first portion of ions from the first ion mobility-based filter. The second ion mobility-based filter includes a voltage gradient for separating ions of the first portion of ions where the ions have associated retention times based on their times of flight through the voltage gradient. The second ion mobility-based filter includes a detector for detecting the ions at their retention times. The analyzer system further includes a display that displays the detected ions in a plot relating the retention times of the ions in the second ion mobility-based filter with compensation settings of the first ion mobility-based filter.
US08410431B2
The invention generally relates to systems and methods for transferring ions for analysis. In certain embodiments, the invention provides a system for analyzing a sample including an ionizing source for converting molecules of a sample into gas phase ions in a region at about atmospheric pressure, an ion analysis device, and an ion transfer member operably coupled to a gas flow generating device, in which the gas flow generating device produces a laminar gas flow that transfers the gas phase ions through the ion transfer member to an inlet of the ion analysis device.
US08410418B2
Realization of an adequate hole accumulation layer and reduction in dark current are allowed to become mutually compatible. A solid-state imaging device 1 having a light-receiving portion 12 to photoelectrically convert incident light is characterized by including a film 21, which is disposed on a light-receiving surface 12s of the above-described light-receiving portion 12 and which lowers an interface state, and a film 22, which is disposed on the above-described film 21 to lower the interface state and which has a negative fixed charge, wherein a hole accumulation layer 23 is disposed on the light-receiving surface 12s side of the light-receiving portion 12.
US08410417B2
Disclosed is a photosensitive system including a gated photodiode having at least one field plate and a cathode and an output buffer having an input coupled to the gated photodiode for reducing the impedance of the photodiode signal and having an output for providing the reduced impedance signal. The output is electrically connected to the at least one field plate. A device including such a photosensitive system is also disclosed.
US08410415B2
The present disclosure provides an ion detector for improving the effect of electric field for pulling in an ion to be detected to a first-stage electrode of a secondary electron multiplier (SEM), and improving the effect of a stray light reduction. In one example embodiment, an ion detector includes a SEM, and a lead-in electrode for pulling in an ion to a first-stage electrode side of the SEM. At least one of the area of the lead-in electrode and a potential difference between the lead-in electrode and neighboring electrodes of the lead-in electrode, the neighboring electrode being an electrode not of the SEM, is set so that the light amount of internal-stray light generated inside the detector entering the first-stage electrode is not more than that of external-stray light generated outside the detector entering the first-stage electrode, when an ion is introduced into the detector.
US08410410B2
A microwave-excited ultraviolet lamp system includes a microwave chamber supplied with cooling air from an air source. At least one of a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor is positioned within the system to sense a pressure associated with the flow of cooling air or a temperature of the lamp system. A control receives a signal from the sensor and is operable to adjust the flow of cooling air from the source to obtain a desired cooling air flow rate.
US08410409B1
An apparatus may have a tool die for forming a component. The tool die may have a die susceptor having a forming surface for forming the component, and at least one flexible induction coil segment for heating the die susceptor. The at least one flexible induction coil segment may be configured to conform to a contour of the forming surface of the die susceptor.
US08410402B2
A method and apparatus for removing moisture from a lighting apparatus is disclosed. In one embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for removing moisture from a lighting apparatus includes at least one light emitting diode (LED) for outputting visible light and at least one LED for outputting infrared light to remove moisture from the housing.
US08410398B2
Methods and apparatus to characterize a welding output circuit path. A welding output circuit path is characterized in real time with respect to at least one of a true energy and true power input to the welding output circuit path.
US08410396B1
A laser system produces a first laser beam for rapidly removing the bulk of material in an area to form a ragged hole. The laser system produces a second laser beam for accurately cleaning up the ragged hole so that the final hole has dimensions of high precision.
US08410392B2
The invention relates to a machining device (10) comprising at least one machining head (16) designed to provide at least one high-energy machining beam (22), especially an electron or laser beam. Such a machining device is used to remove material from workpieces (28) or for connecting workpieces (28) by bonding, especially by means of welding. According to the invention, at least one scanning device (32) designed as an optical coherence tomograph and provided for surface scanning is associated with the machining head (16). The invention also relates to a method for machining material using a high-energy machining beam for scanning surface areas of a workpiece which is machined, not yet machined, or being machined, by means of an optical coherence tomograph.
US08410384B2
An actuating device (1), generating an electrical switching signal, comprising a housing (2) and a cover (4) which is held in a groove (8) worked into the housing, and a switching contact (6) attached in the interior (21) of the housing (2), the switching contact (6) is moved from an initial position (a) to a switching position (b) by closure of the cover (4) either directly or by intermediate elements (19) attached to the cover (4), a reliable and positionally accurate closure of the cover (4) in order to generate a switching contact, even if the cover (4) has an off-center actuation force applied to it is achieved because at least one abutment (11) is attached facing the cover (4) on the base (23) of the housing, and has a support surface (17) corresponding to the movement of the cover (4) mounted in the groove (8), and at least one bearing element (12) is attached to the cover (4) which, when the cover (4) is in its assembled status, makes contact with the support surface (17) of the abutment (11) and is thus supported when the cover (4) is actuated.
US08410383B2
The present disclosure provides a switch assembly including a lens having a hollow interior, a display at least partially received within the hollow interior of the lens, an actuator moveably engageable by the lens, and an elastomeric switch activatable by the actuator in response to movement of the lens. The elastomeric switch may include a circuit assembly, a sealing switch layer disposed over the circuit assembly, and an elastomeric switch member formed within the sealing switch layer that is actuatable by the movement of the lens for engagement with the circuit assembly.
US08410375B2
A wiring board has a wiring member, a first reinforcing member and a second reinforcing member. The wiring member has wiring layers and insulating layers which are stacked, and the wiring layers include a first connecting electrode formed on a surface of the wiring member and a second connecting electrode formed on a back surface of the wiring member. A pin is formed on the second connecting electrode. The second reinforcing member is formed by a resin and serves to reinforce the wiring member. The first reinforcing member is formed on the whole back surface of the wiring member except for the pin provided on the second connecting electrode.
US08410374B2
A printed wiring board has an insulative board having a first surface and a second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, a wiring formed on the first surface of the insulative board and having a pad and a conductive circuit contiguous to the pad, and a metal film formed on the pad. The pad is provided to mount an electronic component having a gold bump. The pad has a thickness which is greater than a thickness of the conductive circuit.
US08410372B2
A wiring board to be inserted between collector foils of each unit cell in a stacked battery includes a comb-shaped insulating substrate and a wiring layer. The insulating substrate has a plurality of teeth and a rod, and the wiring layer is formed on the insulating substrate and includes a plurality of lead wires individually extending from a distal end of each of the plurality of teeth to an end of the rod to deliver a current of a potential across a conductive member being in contact with the distal ends of the teeth to the end of the rod.
US08410371B2
A submount for an electronic device includes an electrically insulating substrate including first and second surfaces and having a thickness between the first and second surfaces, a thermally conductive pad on the first surface of the substrate, and a thermally conductive via extending from the first surface of the substrate toward the second surface of the substrate and having a length that is less than the thickness of the substrate. The thermally conductive via has a higher thermal conductivity than a thermal conductivity of the substrate. Methods of forming submounts are also disclosed.
US08410352B2
The invention relates to a method of fabricating photovoltaic cells in which at least one layer of semiconductor material is deposited continuously on a carbon ribbon (10) to form a composite ribbon (20), said layer having a free face (22, 24) opposite from its face in contact with the carbon ribbon. According to the invention, at least one treatment (28) is applied to the layer of semiconductor material, from said free face (22, 24), in order to implement photovoltaic functions of the cells on said layer, prior to eliminating the carbon ribbon (10). The invention makes it possible to increase productivity in the fabrication of photovoltaic cells, which cells can be of very small thicknesses.
US08410348B1
A closing position sensor comprises detecting unit and signal converting unit. The detecting unit is disposed on the electronic instrument element for detecting the distance between one electronic instrument element and the other electronic instrument element, and generating a first signal representing the detected distance value; and the signal converting unit is configured to receive the first signal provided by the detecting unit, and convert the first signal to a second signal corresponding to generate a sound or mute a sound according to a predetermined reference.
US08410346B2
A pedal assembly for a drum has a floor plate, a clamp for securing the floor plate to a hoop of a drum, a pivot on the floor plate, a post pivotal on the pivot of the floor plate between an erect operating position extending upward from the floor plate and a transport position recumbent on the floor plate. An upper end of the post is adapted to hold a beater shaft. A pedal pivotal on the plate is couplable to the beater shaft. A latch releasably locks the post in at least the operating position.
US08410342B1
A novel maize variety designated X08A236 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X08A236 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X08A236 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X08A236, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X08A236. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X08A236.
US08410341B2
The gene encoding N-methylputrescine oxidase (MPO) and constructs comprising such DNA are provided, including methods of regulating MPO expression independently or with other alkaloid biosynthesis genes to modulate alkaloid production in plants and host cells. MPO genes or fragments thereof are useful for reducing pyrrolidine or tropane alkaloid production in plants, for increasing pyrrolidine or tropane alkaloid production in plants, and for producing an MPO enzyme in host cells.
US08410340B2
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated A1023838. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety A1023838. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety A1023838 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety A1023838 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods.
US08410335B2
A method for producing a rose characterized by artificially suppressing the rose endogenous metabolic pathway and expressing the pansy gene coding for flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase.
US08410334B2
This invention provides a non-natural transgenic plant cell expressing at least one invertebrate miRNA in planta for suppression of a target gene of an invertebrate pest or of a symbiont associated with the invertebrate pest, recombinant DNA constructs for expression of at least one invertebrate miRNA in planta and methods of use thereof, a non-natural transgenic plant containing the non-natural transgenic plant cell of this invention, a non-natural transgenic plant grown from the non-natural transgenic plant cell of this invention, and non-natural transgenic seed produced by the non-natural transgenic plants, as well as commodity products produced from a non-natural transgenic plant cell, plant, or seed of this invention.
US08410328B2
A method of preparing multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalysts composed of four metal components and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the catalyst, and particularly, to multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalysts composed of a divalent cationic metal, a trivalent cationic metal, bismuth and molybdenum, a preparation method thereof, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene from a C4 mixture including n-butene and n-butane using oxidative dehydrogenation are described.
US08410319B2
A catalytic process for generating at least one polyol from a feedstock comprising cellulose is performed in a continuous manner. The process involves, contacting, continuously, hydrogen, water, and a feedstock comprising cellulose, with a catalyst to generate an effluent stream comprising at least one polyol, water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product. The water, hydrogen, and at least one co-product are separated from the effluent stream and recycled to the reaction zone. The polyol is recovered from the effluent stream.
US08410305B2
Highly efficient methods are provided for preparing key intermediates in the synthesis of epothilones and use new alane reagents which are broadly applicable and can provide selected components having a variety of substituents groups.
US08410304B2
Disclosed herein are processes for preparing aqueous γ-hydroxybutyrate having a pH of about 8 or less (upon reaching equilibrium). The disclosed processes include both continuous processes and batch processes wherein the ratio of reactants is controlled to provide the product at the desired pH.
US08410296B2
Provided are a surface treatment agent for which hydrophobization to a high degree is possible even in a case of the material of a substrate surface being TiN or SiN, and surface treatment method using such a surface treatment agent. The surface treatment agent according to the present invention contains a cyclic silazane compound. As this cyclic silazane compound, a cyclic disilazane compound such as 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-disila-1-azacyclopentane and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-2,6-disila-1-azacyclohexane and a cyclic trisilazane compound such as 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane and 2,4,6-trimethyl-2,4,6-trivinylcyclotrisilazane are preferred. In the surface treatment, a substrate surface is exposed to a surface treatment agent according to the present invention, and the substrate surface is hydrophobized.
US08410295B2
A complex, and a process for producing the same, represented by any of the following formulae (I), (I′), (II), (II′), (III), (III′), (IV), and (IV′): where: R1s are independently an alkyl group or an aryl group; R2s are independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group; R3s are independently an alkyl group or an aryl group, provided that two R3s are optionally bonded with each other to form a ring; R4s are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group, or a cyano group; and M is TiY2, where Y is Cl or alkoxide or the complex forms a di-μ-oxo dimer where Y is a μ-oxo ligand.
US08410290B2
A one pot method of preparing cyclic carbonyl compounds comprising an active pendant pentafluorophenyl carbonate group is disclosed. The cyclic carbonyl compounds can be polymerized by ring opening methods to form ROP polymers comprising repeat units comprising a side chain pentafluorophenyl carbonate group. Using a suitable nucleophile, the pendant pentafluorophenyl carbonate group can be selectively transformed into a variety of other functional groups before or after the ring opening polymerization.
US08410283B2
An electrolyte additive is selected from N-alkyl benzimidazole derivatives and is applicable to dye-sensitized solar cells. Accordingly, the electrolyte additive can be added to electrolyte at low concentration, and loss of function due to crystallization after long-term use can be prevented; in addition, short circuit photocurrent density and solar energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency of solar cells incorporating the electrolyte additive can be increased.
US08410269B2
The present invention discloses a phosphorescent tris-chelated transition metal complex comprising i) two identical non-conjugated cyclometalated ligands being incorporated into a coordination sphere thereof with a transition metal, and one ligated chromophore being incorporated into the coordination sphere; or ii) one non-conjugated cyclometalated ligand forming a coordination sphere thereof with a transition metal, and two ligated chromophores being incorporated into the coordination sphere, wherein the metal is iridium, platinum, osmium or ruthenium, and the ligated chromophore possesses a relatively lower energy gap in comparison with that of the non-conjugated cyclometalated ligand, the latter afforded an effective barrier for inhibiting the ligand-to-ligand charge transfer process, so that a subsequent radiative decay from an excited state of these transition complexes will be confined to the single ligated chromophore. The architecture and energy gap of the ligated chromophore are suitable for generation of high efficiency blue, green and even red emissions.
US08410266B2
The present invention provides 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds that inhibit the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades that lead to the release of chemical mediators, intermediates and methods of synthesizing the compounds and methods of using the compounds in a variety of contexts, including in the treatment and prevention of diseases characterized by, caused by or associated with the release of chemical mediators via degranulation and other processes effected by activation of the IgE and/or IgG receptor signaling cascades.
US08410265B2
The present invention is related to processes for preparing chiral substituted pyrazolyl pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines of Formula III, and related synthetic intermediate compounds. The chiral substituted pyrazolyl pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines are useful as inhibitors of the Janus Kinase family of protein tyrosine kinases (JAKs) for treatment of inflammatory diseases, myeloproliferative disorders, and other diseases.
US08410236B2
The invention relates to novel polycarbonate- and/or polyurethane-polyorganosiloxane compounds, processes for their preparation, their use, precursors for their preparation and reactive compositions which contain the precursors.
US08410235B2
The invention relates to a neutralization process in which at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is neutralized at least partly with a base and at least one stream of the neutralization is determined continuously, and also to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
US08410234B2
A vinyl ether compound represented by formula (1-a) or formula (1-b): wherein n represents 0 or 1, and R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, provided that a total of the number of carbon atoms of R1 and the number of carbon atoms of R2 is 1 or 2.
US08410225B2
A fluorescent nanoparticle includes a core comprising an alkenylbenzene; an intermediate layer, an outer shell layer, and a fluorescent portion. The fluorescent portion includes a structure represented by the following formula: wherein L is a direct bond or a linker group, and F is any fluorescent moiety. The fluorescent portion is located in at least one of the following locations: the core, the intermediate layer, or the shell layer of the nanoparticle. Methods for making the fluorescent nanoparticle are also described.
US08410216B2
The invention relates to a composition based on an impact-resistant thermoplastic polyamide resin, comprising, as a blend—from 60 to 98 wt % of polyamide resin (A) and—from 2 to 40 wt % of a blend of at least one graft copolymer with polyamide blocks (B) composed of a polyolefin backbone and at least one polyamide graft in which the grafts are attached to the backbone by the residues of an unsaturated monomer (X) having a functional group capable of reacting with an amine-terminated polyamide, the residues of the unsaturated monomer (X) being attached to the backbone by grafting or copolymerization via its double bond, and of a non-reactive ethylenic polymer (C) that is miscible with (B) and has a density of below 0.960 g/cm3.
US08410214B2
The present invention provides a thermoplastic resin composition comprising 100 mass parts of a polycarbonate resin composition comprising 50 to 95 mass % of (A) a polycarbonate resin and 50 to 5 mass % of (B) a polylactic acid based resin and 5 to 65 mass parts of (C) a vinyl based graft copolymer. The above thermoplastic resin composition comprising the polycarbonate resin and the lactic acid based resin and endowed with a mechanical characteristic of polycarbonate and an excellent fluidity of polylactic acid in combination is improved in a hydrolysis resistance and provides a molded article further improved in an impact resistance and a thin-walled falling weight impact strength. A rise in the above characteristics makes it possible to use the plastic molded articles over a long period of time, and not only the thin-walled molding property and the portability are improved, but also the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can industrially advantageously be used as well for large-sized molded articles. In the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, use of the polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer as the polycarbonate resin component makes it possible to improve as well the flame retardancy and advantageously use the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention for office automation equipments, information and communication equipments, car parts, building components, home electric appliances and the like.
US08410206B2
The invention concerns the use of cerium dioxide, especially in the form of discrete cerium dioxide particles with particle sizes in the range from 0.005 to 150 μm, as inorganic radical trap to stabilize organic polymers, especially in the form of polymer-based formulations, varnishes, paints, coating compounds, or the like, against their photochemically, thermally, physically and/or chemically induced degradation by free radicals, especially against the effect of UV, advantageously in an optional combination with at least one UV-absorber and/or at least one additional radical trap. The radical-induced degradation of the organic polymers is effectively prevented by the use of cerium dioxide without the cerium dioxide itself becoming degraded. If a combination of cerium dioxide with an additional UV-absorber or radical trap is used, its effectiveness is extended through the presence of the cerium dioxide.
US08410201B2
The present invention refers a procedure for preparation of a reflective and oxide inhibiting coating consists of adding hard water, a series of compounds such as titanium dioxide, calcium hydroxide at 95%, an acrylic polymer, hydroxy methyl cellulose, sodium hexametaphosphate at 10% y monoethylen glycol, maintaining specific conditions of pH and viscosity during process. The resulting coating of this process, presents highly adhesive actions, as well as a high level of reflection to solar rays, which place it as a oxide inhibitor, that no require previous sealed when it is applied to steel and/or galvanize surfaces.
US08410200B2
A polymer composition and its use for thin film packaging applications including on a dry basis: a) from 45 to 90% by weight of starch; b) from 0.1 to 15% by weight of a water soluble polymer selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylacetate, and copolymers of ethylene and vinyl alcohol which have a melting point compatible with the molten state of the starch component; and c) from 5 to 45% by weight of one or more plasticizers having a molecular weight in the range of 50-6000, more preferably 50-2500 and more preferably still 100-400 and desirably selected from the group consisting of sorbitol, glycerol, maltitol, xylitol, mannitol, erythritol, glycerol trioleate, tributyl citrate, acetyl tri-ethyl citrate, glyceryl triacetate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, polyethylene oxide, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol.
US08410199B2
The present invention provides polymeric compositions containing thermoplastic starch and a thermoplastic polymer incompatible with starch, in which the starch constitutes the dispersed phase and the thermoplastic polymer constitutes the continuous phase, selected: A) from compositions comprising an agent with an interfacial effect selected from esters of polyols with mono- or polycarboxylic acids with dissociation constants within certain limits, the esters having specific values of the hydrophilic/lipophilic balance index HLB or being amongst the non-ionic surfactants which are soluble in water but cannot significantly be extracted by water from the compositions which contain them; B) from compositions wherein the thermoplastic polymer is an aliphatic or aliphatic-aromatic copolyester wherein the ratio (R) between the average viscometric molecular weight and the melt index is greater than 25,000 and C) from compositions wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters, polyester-amides, polyester-esters, polyester-ether-amides, polyester-urethanes and polyester-ureas and wherein the compositions are obtained by extrusion of the component maintaining a water content during the mixing stage from 1 to 5% by weight.
US08410196B2
A surface-modified nanodiamond includes a base nanodiamond, and at least one polyglycerol-chain-containing group present on at least a surface portion of the base nanodiamond, in which the polyglycerol-chain-containing group is represented by following Formula (1): —X—R (1) wherein X represents single bond, —NH—, —O—, —COO—, —PH(═O)O—, or —S—; and R represents a polyglyceryl group. X may be single bond or —NH—. The surface-modified nanodiamond is highly soluble or dispersible satisfactorily stably in water and/or polar organic solvents.
US08410195B1
A solvent-based dye sublimation ink composition includes specific chemical formulations of production agents for its manufacture in several colors. The sublimation ink composition includes a vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, a polymeric amide, 2-methoxy-1-methylethyl acetate, N-butyl acetate, butan-2-OL, petroleum distillate, disperse and/or solvent dyes, propylene glycol and one or more acetates. Once produced, the solvent-based dye sublimation ink of the present invention may be used with ink jet printers and prevents or minimizes paper cockling while exhibiting outstanding stability and high print density capabilities.
US08410184B2
The invention relates to a method for regenerating acidic cation exchangers, which are used as catalysts in the reaction of phenols with aldehydes or ketones to give bisphenols, in particular to give bisphenol A, with acids, with the proviso that, in the method according to the invention, these cation exchangers experience very little mechanical damage due to swelling processes during the regeneration process.
US08410177B2
A compound has Formula VIII where, X is —C(O)R, —C(O)OR, —CN, —NO2, —S(O)2R′, —P(O)(OR)2; each R is individually H, alkyl, or alkenyl; R′ is alkyl or akenyl; R1 is aryl, alkenyl, arylalkenyl, heterocyclyl, or heteroaryl; and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, and R11 are individually H, alkoxy, or hydroxy. In some cases, X is NO2. Pharmaceutical compositions of the compound of Formula VIII with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may be prepared. The compounds may be used for inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2.
US08410172B2
The present invention relates to compounds being esters of 5-aminolevulinic acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, including compounds of formula (I) R22N—CH2COCH2—CH2CO—OR1 (wherein R1 may represent alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, oxo or fluoro groups and optionally interrupted by oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur or phosphorus atoms; and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group R1, and both R2 groups may be the identical or different), and their use in diagnosis and photochemotherapy of disorders or abnormalities of external or internal surfaces of the body, and products and kits for performing the invention.
US08410166B2
Fused bicyclic compound having an affinity to mineral corticoid receptor (MR), of formula [I]: wherein ring A is benzene having a substituent R1, fused to an adjacent 6-membered heterocyclic ring and further optionally having a substituent(s) other than R1, R1 is alkylsulfonylamino, etc., R2 and R3 are (a) the same of different and are hydrogen, alkyl, or optionally substituted aryl, or (b) combined with each other to form an oxo group or (c) combined with each other at its terminal together with the adjacent carbon atom to form cycloalkyl, X is ═N—, ═C(R4)— or —CH(R4)—, R4 is (a) hydrogen, (b) cyano, (c) halogen, (d) alkyl, (e) alkenyl, (f) cycloalkyl, (g) alkanoyl, (h) carbamoyl, or (i) cycloalkenyl, Ar is an optionally substituted aromatic cyclic group and a dotted line means presence or absence of a double bond, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, useful e.g. as an antihypertensive agent.
US08410165B2
There is provided a method of conjugating a polymer containing a free aldehyde group with a flavonoid in the presence of an acid catalyst, such that the polymer is conjugated to the C6 or C8 position of the flavonoid A ring. The resulting conjugates may be used to form delivery vehicles to deliver high doses of flavonoids, and may also be used as delivery vehicles to deliver an additional bioactive agent.
US08410164B2
A compound represented by the formula (I) (R1 represents an aryl group such as hydroxyphenyl group, R2 represents 2-carboxyphenyl group etc., and R3 and R4 represent —(CH2)p—N(R5)(R6) (R5 and R6 represent —(CH2)n—COOH), a salt thereof, or an ester thereof, which is useful as a reagent for highly sensitive measurement of reactive oxygen such as hydroxy radical present at a trace amount in living bodies or tissues by a bioimaging technique over a long period of time.
US08410160B2
Provided are 5-membered heterocycle-based p38 kinase inhibitors. Further provided are pyrazole and imidazole-based p38 kinase, including p38α, and p38β kinase, inhibitors. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds are also provided. Methods of use of the compounds and compositions are also provided, including methods of treatment, prevention, or amelioration of one or more symptoms of p38 kinase mediated diseases and disorders, including, but not limited to, inflammatory diseases and disorders.
US08410158B2
Invented are novel heterocyclic carboxamide compounds, the use of such compounds as inhibitors of protein kinase B activity and in the treatment of cancer and arthritis.
US08410156B2
Compositions comprising ergothioneine and a trimethylamine absorber are provided. Also provided are methods for preventing, reducing or minimizing the fishy, amine odor, due to trimethylamine, that is associated with the processing and/or storage of a preparation containing ergothioneine, by combining with the ergothioneine, during processing or prior to storage, a trimethylamine absorber in an amount sufficient to prevent the detection of any trimethylamine odor by the human nose. A method is further provided for ameliorating the methylamine odor associated with an aqueous ergothioneine-containing preparation after it has developed a fishy trimethylamine odor.
US08410155B2
The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I) or (II): or a stereoisomer, tautomer, pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate form thereof, wherein the variables A, L1, R3, R4, R8a, R11 and M are as defined herein. The compounds of Formula (I) or (II) are selective inhibitors of serine protease enzymes of the coagulation cascade and/or contact activation system; for example thrombin, factor Xa, factor XIa, factor IXa, factor VIIa and/or plasma kallikrein. In particular, it relates to compounds that are selective factor XIa inhibitors or dual inhibitors of fXIa and plasma kallikrein. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and methods of treating thromboembolic and/or inflammatory disorders using the same.
US08410144B2
The present invention relates to substituted indolo-pyridinone compounds and methods of synthesizing these compounds. The present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing substituted indolo-pyridinone compounds and methods of treating cell proliferative disorders, such as cancer, by administering these compounds or pharmaceutical compositions to subjects in need thereof.
US08410138B2
Compositions and methods for treatment and prevention of disorders and conditions characterized by reduced TGF-β signaling are described.
US08410133B2
The present invention relates to compounds useful as inhibitors of protein kinases. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising those compounds, the methods of using the aforementioned compounds, and compounds in the treatment of various diseases, conditions, and disorders. The invention also provides processes for preparing compounds of the invention.
US08410122B2
The present invention relates to Bicyclic Heterocycle Derivatives, compositions comprising a Bicyclic Heterocycle Derivative, and methods of using the Bicyclic Heterocycle Derivatives for treating or preventing obesity, diabetes, a metabolic disorder, a cardiovascular disease or a disorder related to the activity of a GPCR in a patient.
US08410117B2
The invention is concerned with novel imidazopyrimidine derivatives of formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R8 are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as physiologically acceptable salts and esters thereof. These compounds inhibit PDE10A and can be used as pharmaceuticals.
US08410116B2
Disclosed are bis(styryl)pyrimidine or bis(styryl)benzene compounds, represented by Chemical Formula 1, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, a method for preparing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention and treatment of amyloidosis-associated diseases, comprising the same as an active ingredient. Having the ability to inhibit the deposition of beta amyloid and to reduce the toxicity of beta amyloid, the derivatives can improve learning and memory and can be useful in the prevention and treatment of amyloidosis-associated diseases. (wherein R1, R2, R3 and X are as defined in the specification).
US08410113B2
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds which are therapeutically active in the central nervous system.In one aspect, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the general formula (I): wherein HA is a pharmaceutically acceptable acid and R1-R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, and di-C1-C6-alkylamino-C2-C6-alkoxy. The invention also relates to the use of said compound to manufacture a medicament for the treatment of a serotonin-related disorder.
US08410109B2
The present invention relates to polyphenol-like compounds that are useful for inhibiting VCAM-1 expression, MCP-1 expression and/or SMC proliferation in a mammal. The disclosed compounds are useful for regulating markers of inflammatory conditions, including vascular inflammation, and for treatment and prevention of inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases and related disease states.
US08410107B2
The present invention relates to compounds of formula I, wherein A, R1 to R7 are defined in the description, and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present invention also relates to the manufacture of such compounds or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases which can be treated with HDL-cholesterol raising agents, such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
US08410097B2
Disclosed are biologically active hetero pyrrole analogs such as imidazoles, thiazoles, oxazoles and pyrazoles capable of interacting with the CB1 and/or the CB2 cannabinoid receptors. One aspect discloses hetero pyrrole analogs acting as antagonists for the CB1 and/or the CB2 receptors. Another aspect discloses hetero pyrrole analogs having selectivity for the CB1 or CB2 cannabinoid receptor. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical preparations employing the disclosed analogs and methods of administering therapeutically effective amounts of the disclosed analogs to provide a physiological effect.
US08410096B2
Disclosed are an antitumor preparation comprising a combination of (1) a combination drug of tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil potassium, (2) at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of folinic acid and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, and (3) cis-oxalate(1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II); a kit comprising a combination of pharmaceutical compositions for treating cancer in a mammal, comprising: (a) a combination drug of tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil potassium in a therapeutically effective amount; (b) a composition containing at least one ingredient selected from the group consisting of folinic acid and pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof in an amount effective for enhancing antitumor effects, and (c) a composition containing cis-oxalate(1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II) in an amount effective for enhancing antitumor effects; and a method for treating cancer.
US08410093B2
The present disclosure provides 2,4-pyrimidinediamine compounds having antiproliferative activity, compositions comprising the compounds and methods of using the compounds to inhibit cellular proliferation and to treat proliferate diseases such as tumorigenic cancers.
US08410091B1
The present invention is related to a process of preparing substituted 2-amino-5-(5-(heterocyclemethyl)pyridin-2-yloxy)benzoic acid compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof,
US08410089B2
A compound represented by the following formula or a salt thereof, which has an GPR119 agonist action, is useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, obesity and the like, and shows superior efficacy: wherein P: substituted 6-membered aromatic ring, Q: (substituted) 6-membered aromatic ring, A1: CR4aR4b, NR4c, O, S, SO or SO2 {R4a-4c: H etc.}, L1: (substituted) C1-5 alkylene, L2: a bond or (substituted) C1-3 alkylene, L3-4: (substituted) C1-3 alkylene, R1: H, X, CN, (substituted) hydrocarbon, (substituted) heterocycle or (substituted) OH, or (substituted) 4- to 8-membered (heterocyclic) ring together with A1, R2: H, CN, (substituted) hydrocarbon, and R3a: —COSRA1, (substituted) 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring {RA1: (substituted) hydrocarbon or (substituted) heterocycle}.
US08410087B2
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a glucokinase activator useful as a pharmaceutical agent such as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, obesity and the like. The present invention provides a glucokinase activator containing a compound represented by the formula (I): wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom; R2 is a group represented by wherein each symbol is defined in the specification, or a salt thereof or a prodrug thereof.
US08410084B2
This invention relates to novel macromolecular compositions having oxidation inhibition characteristics that are exhibited when added to organic material normally susceptible to oxidative degradation in the presence of air or oxygen, such a petroleum products, synthetic polymers, and elastomeric substances.
US08410079B2
The present invention discloses certain chirally correct polyene cyclodextrin acetals and hemiacetals (formula I) that are effective in providing skin clarification, which is useful for the treatment of acne, and skin disfigurements and skin darkening resulting from acne; skin darkening from cancer, diabetes, radiation treatments, chemotherapy, and sun-burn; mitochondrial and DNA dysfunction; age spots; loss of cellular antioxidants; skin changes associated with aging including collagen loss, loss of skin pliability, loss of skin suppleness, skin wrinkles and fine lines, oxidation, damage from radiation, damage from free radicals, and damage from UV; dry skin; xerosis; ichthyosis; dandruff; brownish spots; keratoses; melasma; lentigines; liver spots; skin pigmentation including pigmented spots, dark circles under the eyes, darkened skin, and blemishes; oily skin; warts; eczema; pruritic skin; psoriasis; inflammatory dermatoses; topical inflammation; disturbed keratinization; scalp dryness, and combinations thereof;
US08410074B2
Oligomeric compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the expression of eIF4E. The antisense compounds may be single- or double-stranded and are targeted to nucleic acid encoding eIF4E. Methods of using these compounds for modulation of eIF4E expression and for diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions associated with expression of eIF4E are provided.
US08410070B2
Quadruplex-forming guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences are useful in compositions and methods for inhibiting cellular growth and proliferation and inducing cell death. Compositions for treating a patient are provided, including (i) a safe and effective amount of a sequence having at least 80% nucleic acid identity with a guanine-rich promoter gene oligonucleotide (GPGO), and (ii) a carrier, wherein the oligonucleotide forms at least one quadruplex.
US08410067B2
The present invention provides methods of treating disease or condition in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering the subject a versican inhibitor in an amount effective to treat the disease or condition. Example diseases or conditions include, but are not limited to, fibrotic disease such as fibrotic lung disease, restenosis such as arterial restenosis, atherosclerosis, cancer, and inflammatory disease. Compounds and compositions for carrying out such a method are also described.
US08410062B2
A problem that the present invention is to solve is to provide: a main body of a peptide molecule which is effective for inhibition of various maladies such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and pressure ulcer, particularly, a dipeptide which is easy to absorb into a body in an intestine; a collagen peptide which comprises the dipeptide as an essential dipeptide; and a malady inhibitor which comprises the dipeptide as an essential effective component. As a means of solving such a problem, a collagen peptide according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a dipeptide having a structure of Hyp-Gly as an essential dipeptide. A dipeptide according to the present invention is characterized by having a structure of Hyp-Gly. A malady inhibitor according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a dipeptide having a structure of Hyp-Gly as an essential effective component.
US08410054B2
The present invention relates to the discovery that mutations in SCN9A are causative of Congenital Indifference to Pain (CIP) in humans. The invention also relates to methods of utilizing the SCN9A gene and expression products thereof for the screening and identification of therapeutic agents, including small organic compounds, which are selective for SCN9A, and are useful in the treatment of pain and other disorders. The invention also relates to methods of using these compounds to treat or otherwise ameliorate such disorders.
US08410051B2
The invention provides nucleic acid molecules encoding FGF21 mutant polypeptides, FGF21 mutant polypeptides, pharmaceutical compositions comprising FGF21 mutant polypeptides, and methods for treating metabolic disorders using such nucleic acids, polypeptides, or pharmaceutical compositions.
US08410038B2
The present invention is directed, in certain embodiments, to compositions useful for the removal of grease, lime scale, soap scum, feces, rust or other soils from surfaces such as those found in bathrooms, toilets and kitchens. Methods of removing soils and preventing soil adhesion are also contemplated.
US08410036B2
Composition for permanent or semipermanent tinting of keratin fibers with oil-in-glycol lamellar gel
The present application is directed to an oil-in-glycol lamellar gel, which comprises (a) at least one glycol, (b) at least one fatty alcohol, (c) at least one cationic surfactant, (d) at least one non-ionic surfactant and (e) at least one amino acid, for application as an addictive for permanent or semi-permanent keratin fiber color products, being the said lamellar gel able to improve dispersion of colorant agents in the color composition and the distribution, diffusion, interaction and maintenance of the colorant agents in the keratin fibers, which results in greater color vitality and retardation of the discoloring process.
US08410033B2
The present invention is generally directed to methods of making diester-based (bio)lubricant compositions, wherein such diester-based lubricant compositions generally comprise diester species prepared by reacting vicinal diol species with monoester(s) of one or more fatty acids. In some embodiments, such methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize one or more biomass precursor species (e.g., monoesters of fatty acids derived from crop oils and/or other source of triglyceride species such as algae). In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins, typically alpha (α)-olefins.
US08410029B2
The present invention provides a surface-oxide abrasion-resistant lubricant coating that can maintain high lubricity for a long time without wear of a base material and a coating or damage to an object to be contacted by a simpler method and with less expensive material. A mixed fluid of a compressed gas and fine-particle powders of two soft metals having lower hardness and lower melting point than the base material of a sliding contact portion is ejected onto a surface of the sliding contact portion. The fine-particle powders of the soft metals are made to react with oxygen in the compressed gas at the surface of the sliding contact portion to form a metal-oxide film with high melting point composed of metal oxides of the two soft metals, one of the metal oxides having higher hardness than the other. This metal-oxide film with high melting point includes a coating having a thickness of 0.1 μm to 2 μm at an interface toward an object to be contacted, that is composed of the metal oxides, that has low friction resistance and low shear resistance, and shear fractures concentrated the coating thereto.
US08410020B2
A composition comprising at least a pyridylethylbenzamide derivative of general formula (I) (a) and a compound capable of inhibiting the methionine biosynthesis (b) in a (a)/(b) weight ratio of from 0.01 to 20.A composition further comprising an additional fungicidal compound.A method for preventively or curatively combating the phytopathogenic fungi of crops by using this composition.
US08410017B2
Disclosed herein are diatomite filter aid products with enhanced permeabilities and flow characteristics, and methods for enhancing the permeabilities and flow characteristics of very fine grain, low permeability diatomite ore by, in one embodiment, pre-agglomerating the ore in the presence of less than 10% water and then subjecting the pre-agglomerated ore to at least one calcination process. At least one flux may be used in the at least one calcination process. Also disclosed herein is a method of processing diatomite ore suitable for samples with high wet densities or large amounts of fine particulate matter. Also disclosed herein are methods of producing commercially applicable filter aid products from Hungarian diatomite.
US08410012B2
The present invention relates to a catalyst composition, a method for fabricating the same and a fuel cell including the same. The catalyst composition provided by the present invention includes: a catalyst carrier; and a metal solid solution, disposed on the surface of the catalyst carrier, in which the metal solid solution includes palladium and a second metal, and the second metal is selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum, ruthenium, nickel, silver and manganese. Accordingly, the catalyst composition provided by the present invention can exhibit excellent catalytic characteristics, and can be applied in a fuel cell to enhance the electrochemical properties and stability of the fuel cell.
US08410003B2
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a layer containing a predetermined element on a substrate by supplying a source gas containing the predetermined element into a process vessel and exhausting the source gas from the process vessel to cause a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reaction. A nitrogen-containing gas is supplied into the process vessel and then exhausted, changing the layer containing the predetermined element into a nitride layer. This process is repeated to form a nitride film on the substrate. The process vessel is purged by supplying an inert gas into the process vessel and exhausting the inert gas from the process vessel between forming the layer containing the predetermined element and changing the layer containing the predetermined element into the nitride layer.
US08410000B2
The method for producing a photovoltaic cell includes applying, on a partial region of one surface side of a semiconductor substrate, a first p-type diffusion layer forming composition including a p-type impurity-containing glass powder and a dispersion medium; applying, on at least a region other than the partial region on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, a second p-type diffusion layer forming composition which includes a p-type impurity-containing glass powder and a dispersion medium and in which a concentration of the p-type impurity is lower than that of the first p-type diffusion layer forming composition, where the first p-type diffusion layer forming composition is applied; heat-treating the semiconductor substrate on which the first p-type diffusion layer forming composition and the second p-type diffusion layer forming composition are applied to form a p-type diffusion layer; and forming an electrode on the partial region.
US08409997B2
A method and system for controlling a silicon nitride etching bath provides the etching bath including phosphoric acid heated to an elevated temperature. The concentration of silicon in the phosphoric acid is controlled to maintain a desired level associated with a desired silicon nitride/silicon oxide etch selectivity. Silicon concentration is measured while the silicon remains in soluble form and prior to silica precipitation. Responsive to the measuring, fresh heated phosphoric acid is added to the etching bath when necessary to maintain the desired concentration and silicon nitride:silicon oxide etch selectivity and prevent silica precipitation. The addition of fresh heated phosphoric acid enables the etching bath to remain at a steady state temperature. Atomic absorption spectroscopy may be used to monitor the silicon concentration which may be obtained by diluting a sample of phosphoric acid with cold deionized water and measuring before silica precipitation occurs.
US08409995B2
Positioning accuracy of a component in a substrate processing apparatus can be improved higher than a conventional case without increasing the insertion accuracy of positioning pins into positioning holes. Provided is a substrate processing apparatus including a mounting table 110 including a susceptor 114 having a substrate mounting surface 115 on which a wafer W is mounted and a focus ring mounting surface 116 on which a focus ring 124 is mounted; a plurality of positioning pins 200 made of a material expandable in a diametric direction by heating. Each positioning pin is inserted into a positioning hole (first reference hole) formed in the focus ring mounting surface of the susceptor and into a positioning hole (second reference hole) formed in the focus ring, and expanded in the diametric direction by heating and fitted into the positioning holes, thus allowing a position of the focus ring to be aligned.
US08409991B2
A large surface substrate (5, 5a) is Rf vacuum plasma treated with the help of an electrode arrangement (9) consisting of an even number of electrode strips (9a, 9b). At least one of the strips is Rf supplied at least two distinct loci (P1, P2) along the central axis (A) of the addressed strip (9a).
US08409989B2
A structure and method to fabricate a body contact on a transistor is disclosed. The method comprises forming a semiconductor structure with a transistor on a handle wafer. The structure is then inverted, and the handle wafer is removed. A silicided body contact is then formed on the transistor in the inverted position. The body contact may be connected to neighboring vias to connect the body contact to other structures or levels to form an integrated circuit.
US08409986B2
A method for improving the within die uniformity of the metal plug CMP process in the gate last route is provided. Before performing the CMP process for forming the metal plug, a metal etching process is applied, so that the step height between the metal layers in the contact hole area and the non-contact hole area is greatly reduced. Therefore, the relatively small step height will exert a significantly less effect on the following CMP process, so that the step height will be limitedly transferred to the top of metal plug after finishing CMP process. In this way, the recess on top of the metal plug is largely reduced, so that a flat top of the metal plug is obtained, and within die uniformity and electrical properties the device are improved.
US08409984B2
Certain embodiments disclosed herein relate to the formation of multi-component oxide heterostructures (MCOH) using surface nucleation to pattern the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of perovskite material followed by patterned etch and metallization to produce ultra-high density MCOH nano-electronic devices. Applications include ultra-high density MCOH memory and logic, as well as electronic functionality based on single electrons, for example a novel flash memory cell Floating-Gate (FG) transistor with LaAlO3 as a gate tunneling dielectric. Other types of memory devices (DIMMS, DRAM, and DDR) made with patterned ALD of LaAlO3 as a gate dielectric are also possible.
US08409983B2
In forming a TiN film on a base material (10) by a MOCVD method, a space between a showerhead (3) and a trapping member (5) is heated by a heater (2) up to a temperature at which TDMAT is thermally decomposed, or higher. Next, source gas containing TDMAT, and so on are emitted from the showerhead (3) into a chamber (1). As a result, the TDMAT emitted into the chamber (1) is thermally decomposed into TiN, carbon, and hydrocarbon by the heater (2) in the space between the showerhead (3) and the trapping member (5). Then, the TiN, carbon, and hydrocarbon move toward the base material (10). Then, the carbon and hydrocarbon are trapped by the trapping member (5). On the other hand, the TiN passes through the trapping member (5) without being trapped to reach the base material (10). As a result, a TiN film containing neither carbon nor hydrocarbon grows on a surface of the base material (10).
US08409980B2
Underfill flow guide structures and methods of using the same are provided with a module. The method includes mounting bumps on a substrate. The method also includes forming underfill flow guide structures on the substrate by patterning wires with an overlay of hard substance. The underfill flow guide structures are integrated with the substrate and formed between adjacent bumps. The underfill flow guide structures are further formed to uniformly guide underfill along the substrate during capillary underfill processing.
US08409978B2
A semiconductor device has a vertically offset BOT interconnect structure. The vertical offset is achieved with a leadframe having a plurality of lead fingers around a die paddle. A first conductive layer is formed over the lead fingers. A second conductive layer is formed over the lead fingers. Each second conductive layer is positioned adjacent to the first conductive layer and each first conductive layer is positioned adjacent to the second conductive layer. The second conductive layer has a height greater than a height of the first conductive layer. The first and second conductive layers can have a side-by-side arrangement or staggered arrangement. Bumps are formed over the first and second conductive layers. Bond wires are electrically connected to the bumps. A semiconductor die is mounted over the die paddle of the leadframe and electrically connected to the bond wires and BOT interconnect structure.
US08409977B2
A method of forming a semiconductor memory device includes stacking a plurality of alternating first insulating layers and first sacrificial layers on a substrate to form a first multilayer structure, forming a first hole through the first multilayer structure, forming a first semiconductor pattern in the first hole, stacking a plurality of alternating second insulating layers and second sacrificial layers on the first multilayer structure to form a second multilayer structure, forming a second hole through the second multilayer structure to be aligned with the first hole, forming a second semiconductor pattern in the second hole, forming a trench to expose sidewalls of the first and second insulating layers at a side of the first and second semiconductor patterns, removing at least some portions of the first and second sacrificial layers to form a plurality of recess regions, forming an information storage layer along surfaces of the plurality of recess regions, and forming a conductive pattern within each recess region.
US08409974B2
A method of forming a semiconductor structure (and the resulting structure), includes straining a free-standing semiconductor, and fixing the strained, free-standing semiconductor to a substrate.
US08409968B2
Multiphoton absorption is generated, so as to form a part which is intended to be cut 9 due to a molten processed region 13 within a silicon wafer 11, and then an adhesive sheet 20 bonded to the silicon wafer 11 is expanded. This cuts the silicon wafer 11 along the part which is intended to be cut 9 with a high precision into semiconductor chips 25. Here, opposing cut sections 25a, 25a of neighboring semiconductor chips 25, 25 are separated from each other from their close contact state, whereby a die-bonding resin layer 23 is also cut along the part which is intended to be cut 9. Therefore, the silicon wafer 11 and die-bonding resin layer 23 can be cut much more efficiently than in the case where the silicon wafer 11 and die-bonding resin layer 23 are cut with a blade without cutting a base 21.
US08409958B2
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided. The method includes forming a gate electrode on a semiconductor substrate; forming a dopant implantation area in the semiconductor substrate by implanting a dopant in the semiconductor substrate, using the gate electrode as a mask; forming sidewalls on the gate electrode; forming a first recess by etching the semiconductor substrate, using the gate electrode and the sidewalls as a mask; forming a second recess by removing the dopant implantation area positioned below the sidewalls; and forming a source area and a drain area by causing a semiconductor material to grow in the first recess and the second recess.
US08409957B2
A three dimensional integrated circuit includes a silicon substrate, a first source region disposed on the substrate, a first drain region disposed on the substrate, a first gate stack portion disposed on the substrate, a first dielectric layer disposed on the first source region, the first drain region, the first gate stack portion, and the substrate, a second dielectric layer formed on the first dielectric layer, a second source region disposed on the second dielectric layer, a second drain region disposed on the second dielectric layer, and a second gate stack portion disposed on the second dielectric layer, the second gate stack portion including a graphene layer.
US08409955B2
A method of forming a semiconductor device includes the following processes. A groove is formed in a semiconductor substrate. A gate insulating film is formed on an inside wall of the groove. A buried gate electrode is formed on the gate insulating film and on a bottom portion of the groove. A cap insulating film covering the buried gate electrode is formed in an upper portion of the groove. The cap insulating film has a top surface which is different in level from a top surface of the semiconductor substrate. A first inter-layer insulating film is formed on the top surface of the semiconductor substrate and on the top surface of the cap insulating film. The first inter-layer insulating film with a flat top surface fills a gap in level between the top surface of the semiconductor substrate and the top surface of the cap insulating film.
US08409950B1
Method for integrating SONOS non-volatile memory into a sub-90 nm standard CMOS foundry process flow
An embodiment of a method is disclosed to integrate silicon oxide nitride oxide silicon (SONOS) non-volatile memory (NVM) into a standard sub-90 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) semiconductor foundry process flow. An embodiment of the method adds a few additional steps to a standard CMOS foundry process flow and makes minor changes to the rest of the baseline CMOS foundry process flow to form a new process module that includes both CMOS devices and an embedded SONOS NVM. An embodiment of the method utilizes new material sets (which are not utilized at larger nodes) that enhance NVM performance by improving charge tunneling behavior and reducing leakage currents. Furthermore, an embodiment of the method integrates CMOS with SONOS NVM at ever-shrinking dimensions while enhancing the NVM performance, without performing extra, costly processing steps.
US08409948B2
Some embodiments include methods of forming vertical transistors. A construction may have a plurality of spaced apart fins extending upwardly from a semiconductor substrate. Each of the fins may have vertical transistor pillars, and each of the vertical transistor pillars may have a bottom source/drain region location, a channel region location over the bottom source/drain region location, and a top source/drain region location over the channel region location. Electrically conductive gate material may be formed along the fins while using oxide within spaces along the bottoms of the fins to offset the electrically conductive gate material to be above the bottom source/drain region locations of the vertical transistor pillars. The oxide may be an oxide which etches at a rate of at least about 100 Å/minute with dilute HF at room temperature. In some embodiments the oxide may be removed after the electrically conductive gate material is formed.
US08409947B2
Provided is a simplified method of manufacturing a semiconductor device having a stress creating layer. A first conductive first impurity region is formed on a semiconductor substrate on both sides of a first gate of a first area of the semiconductor substrate, and a second conductive second impurity region is formed on the semiconductor substrate on both sides of a second gate of a second area. First and second spacers are formed on sidewalls of the first and second gates, respectively. First and second semiconductor layers are formed in portions of the semiconductor substrate so as to contact the first and second impurity regions, respectively. The second semiconductor layer is removed. First and second barrier layers are formed in the first and second contact holes of the insulation layer, respectively.
US08409942B2
In a replacement gate approach, a spacer may be formed in the gate opening after the removal of the placeholder material, thereby providing a superior cross-sectional shape upon forming any electrode metals in the gate opening. Moreover, the spacer may be used for reducing the gate length, while not requiring more complex gate patterning strategies.
US08409941B2
The present invention proposes a method of forming a dual contact plug, comprising steps of: forming a source/drain region and a sacrificed gate structure on a semiconductor substrate, the sacrificed gate structure including a sacrificed gate; depositing a first inter-layer dielectric layer; planarizing the first inter-layer dielectric layer to expose the sacrificed gate in the sacrificed gate structure; removing the sacrificed gate and depositing to form a metal gate; etching to form a first source/drain contact opening in the first inter-layer dielectric layer; sequentially depositing a liner and filling conductive metal in the first source/drain contact opening to form a first source/drain contact plug; depositing a second inter-layer dielectric layer on the first inter-layer dielectric layer; etching to form a second source/drain contact opening and a gate contact opening in the second inter-layer dielectric layer; and sequentially depositing a liner and filling conductive metal in the second source/drain contact opening and the gate contact opening to form a second source/drain contact plug and a gate contact plug. The present invention also proposes a semiconductor device manufactured by the above process.
US08409937B2
A method of producing a transistor includes providing a substrate including in order a first electrically conductive material layer, a second electrically conductive material layer, and a third electrically conductive material layer. A resist material layer is deposited over the third electrically conductive material layer. The resist material layer is patterned to expose a portion of the third electrically conductive material layer. Some of the third electrically conductive material layer is removed to expose a portion of the second electrically conductive material layer. The third electrically conductive material layer is caused to overhang the second electrically conductive material layer by removing some of the second electrically conductive material layer. Some of the first electrically conductive material layer is removed.
US08409933B2
The invention comprises methods of forming a conductive contact to a source/drain region of a field effect transistor, and methods of forming local interconnects. In one implementation, a method of forming a conductive contact to a source/drain region of a field effect transistor includes providing gate dielectric material intermediate a transistor gate and a channel region of a field effect transistor. At least some of the gate dielectric material extends to be received over at least one source/drain region of the field effect transistor. The gate dielectric material received over the one source/drain region is exposed to conditions effective to change it from being electrically insulative to being electrically conductive and in conductive contact with the one source/drain region. Other aspects and implementations are contemplated.
US08409931B2
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: forming a first layer including crystals by processing a surface of a first electrode of a semiconductor element; forming a second layer including crystals by processing a surface of a second electrode of a mounting member on which the semiconductor element is mounted; reducing a first oxide film present over or in the first layer and a second oxide film present over or in the second layer at a first temperature, the first temperature being lower than a second temperature at which a first metal included in the first electrode diffuses in a solid state and being lower than a third temperature at which a second metal included in the second electrode diffuses in a solid state; and bonding the first layer and the second layer to each other by solid-phase diffusion.
US08409921B2
A method of manufacture of an integrated circuit package system includes: providing a substrate with a top surface; configuring the top surface to include electrical contacts and an integrated circuit; providing a structure over the substrate with only a honeycomb meshwork of posts contacting the top surface of the substrate; and depositing a material to prevent warpage of the substrate on the top surface of the substrate and over the integrated circuit, the material patterned to have discrete hollow conduits that expose the electrical contacts.
US08409907B2
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device for detecting a physical amount distribution, the semiconductor device comprising unit components arrayed in a predetermined order, the unit components each including a unit signal generation portion for detecting an electromagnetic wave and outputting the corresponding unit signal. A diffraction grating is provided on the incident light side of a spectral image sensor, the diffraction grating including scatterers, slits, and scatterers disposed in that order. An electromagnetic wave is scattered by the scatterers to produce diffracted waves, and by using the fact that interference patterns between the diffracted waves change with wavelengths, signals are detected for respective wavelengths by photoelectric conversion elements in each photodiode group.
US08409905B2
To improve the use efficiency of materials and provide a technique of fabricating a display device by a simple process. The method includes the steps of providing a mask on a conductive layer, forming an insulating film over the conductive layer provided with the mask, removing the mask to form an insulating layer having an opening; and forming a conductive film in the opening so as to be in contact with the exposed conductive layer, whereby the conductive layer and the conductive film can be electrically connected through the insulating layer. The shape of the opening reflects the shape of the mask. A mask having a columnar shape (e.g., a prism, a cylinder, or a triangular prism), a needle shape, or the like can be used.
US08409902B1
A dielectric film stack of a solar cell is ablated using a laser. The dielectric film stack includes a layer that is absorptive in a wavelength of operation of the laser source. The laser source, which fires laser pulses at a pulse repetition rate, is configured to ablate the film stack to expose an underlying layer of material. The laser source may be configured to fire a burst of two laser pulses or a single temporally asymmetric laser pulse within a single pulse repetition to achieve complete ablation in a single step.
US08409873B2
A method of pipetting comprises (a) providing a pipette tip holder having a plurality of segregated compartments and a tip support member for supporting a plurality of pipette tips in the pipette tip holder, the tip support member configured to support a single pipette in tip each segregated compartment; (b providing a plurality of pipette tips in the tip support member; (c) removing a first pipette tip from a first segregated compartment; (d) using the first pipette tip to complete a pipetting operation and placing the first pipette tip into a segregated compartment that has not contained a used pipette tip; (e) subsequently removing the first pipette tip from the segregated compartment and using the first pipette tip to complete another pipetting operation; and, (f) replacing the first pipette tip into the pipette tip holder, whereby the first pipette tip, when placed in the segregated compartment, is segregated in the pipette tip holder to reduce the possibility of a fluid from the first pipette tip contacting other pipette tips in the pipette tip holder.
US08409867B2
An apparatus configured to identify a material having an electric charge, the apparatus having: an inverting gain amplifier including a first field-effect transistor (FET) coupled to a second FET; wherein a gate of the first FET is configured to sense the electric charge and an output of the amplifier provides a measurement of the electric charge to identify the material.
US08409866B2
An apparatus comprising a processor and memory including computer program code. The memory and computer program code can be configured to, with the processor, cause the apparatus to illuminate one or more sensor elements with electromagnetic radiation emitted from corresponding regions of an electronic display. The one or more sensor elements can be configured to exhibit a specific electrical response to the illumination when a specific set of analytes are bound to the one or more sensor elements, determine the electrical response of the one or more sensor elements, and compare the determined electrical response with one or more predetermined electrical responses to determine a match. Each predetermined electrical response can be associated with the binding of a different set of analytes, wherein determination of a match allows the specific set of analytes bound to the one or more sensor elements to be identified.
US08409855B2
An apparatus is provided for the producing feeds/fertilizers containing died and fermented animal and plant residues. The apparatus includes a fermentation tank, an unobstructed circulation duct connected to the fermentation tank and a blower directly connected to the circulation duct wherein blower supplies air for advancing the residues up the circulation duct.
US08409851B2
A bioactive filter is provided which comprises a transparent canister having gas permeable membranes as entry and exit ports. A source of carbon dioxide in gaseous form is allowed to enter the entry membrane and pass through a solution contained in the canister which supports a live colony of algae. The algae carries out photosynthesis thereby altering the carbon dioxide to oxygen and sugar. The oxygen is released through the exit port.
US08409847B2
Systems and methods are provided for controlling the diameter of a mammalian hybrid coronary bypass graft. The system includes a controller having at least one input for receiving information and feedback information and an output for outputting control signals, including at least one steady flow system control signal; and a pressure/flow loop subsystem coupled to the controller. The pressure/flow loop subsystem includes a specimen holder, an external flow loop system coupled to the specimen holder, a steady flow system, and an output for outputting the feedback information. The pressure/flow loop subsystem receives the control signals and is capable of adjusting a diameter of a specimen in accordance with the control signals, when the specimen holder contains the specimen.
US08409839B2
Provided herein are improved variants of polypeptides having cellobiohydrolase II activity, nucleic acids encoding the polypeptides, vectors, host cells containing the nucleic acids and methods for producing the polypeptides. The polypeptides encompassed by this disclosure may be used in numerous applications including the use of the polypeptides for the production of biofuels and for the synthesis of platform chemicals or biopolymers from renewable sources.
US08409831B2
The present invention provides a method for producing (1S,2R)-2-chloro-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid with a high yield and high selectivity. Specifically, disclosed is a method for producing (1S,2R)-2-chloro-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, wherein (1S)-2-chloro-2-fluorocyclopropanecarboxylic acid ester is hydrolyzed using an esterase derived from Burkholderia cepacia.
US08409829B2
Methods and compositions are provided for detecting the presence of nucleic acid sequence variants in a subpopulation of nucleic acid molecules in a biological sample. These methods are particularly useful for identifying individuals with mutations indicative of cancer.
US08409827B2
The present invention relates to a novel fusion protein comprising a nitrate reductase (NR) and a truncated hemoglobin N (trHbN) domain. The fusion protein may be used for bioremediation of nitric oxide.
US08409814B2
The present invention relates to biosensors. In some embodiments, the biosensors are modified ligand binding molecules. In some embodiments, the modified ligand binding molecule is a phosphate binding protein (PBP). In some embodiments, the modified ligand binding molecules are labeled to be capable of RET, e.g., comprising a donor and acceptor moiety. In some embodiments of the invention, there is a detectable change in RET (e.g., FRET) when the modified ligand binding molecule binds and/or releases the ligand (e.g., phosphate). The invention also provides related methods, reactions and assays.
US08409810B2
The present invention provides methods of determining platelet aggregation, methods of determining susceptibility to clotting upon administration of a CD40L-binding moiety, and kits related thereto.
US08409802B2
The invention provides, inter alia, novel probes, methods, reaction mixtures, and kits for detecting the presence or absence of a target nucleic acid sequence.
US08409797B2
An optical sensor for detecting a target comprising a singlestranded aptamer complementary to said target, and a water-soluble cationic polythiophene derivative of the following formula: wherein “n” is an integer ranging from 6 to 100, is disclosed. The optical sensor allows for the detection of targets selected from the group consisting of potassium ions, small organic molecules, amino acids, proteins, whole cells and nucleotides. The detection is based on the formation of hybrid anionic aptamer/cationic poly-thiophene complexes.
US08409791B2
Disclosed is a double-sided color photographic paper, including, in order, a first protection layer, a first photosensitive layer, a supporting substrate, a second photosensitive layer and a second protection layer. The supporting substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. A first barrier layer and at least one layer of a first shading layer are sandwiched between the first photosensitive layer and the first surface of the supporting substrate. The first barrier layer is arranged between the first photosensitive layer and the first shading layer; a second barrier layer and at least one layer of a second shading layer are sandwiched between the second surface of the supporting substrate and the second photosensitive layer, and the second barrier layer is arranged between the second shading layer and the second photosensitive layer.
US08409784B2
Disclosed is a photosensitive resin composition which does not contain any halogenated compound or any antimony compound that has a high risk of putting a load on the environment, which exerts good flame retardancy after being cured, and which particularly meets the recent exacting requirements with respect to bending resistance and insulation reliability. Specifically disclosed is a photosensitive resin composition comprising: (A) a (meth)acrylate compound represented by the general formula (1); (B) a polyimide precursor; and (C) a photopolymerization initiator [in the formula, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a univalent organic group; n and m independently represent an integer of 1 to 5; p represents an integer of 0 to 6; q and r independently represent an integer of 0 to 4; and s represent an integer of 0 to 6, provided that the sum of p, q, r and s is 6, and the sum total of p and s may range from 3 to 6 and is preferably 6].
US08409783B2
Without the use of a third monomer, no copolymer practicable as a base polymer for a radiation-sensitive resin composition has been obtained by copolymerizing two ingredients, i.e., a carboxylated monomer and an epoxidized monomer. A carboxylated monomer is reacted with a specific nonpolymerizable compound, and this reaction mixture is then copolymerized with an epoxidized monomer. A radiation-sensitive resin composition and a thermosetting resin composition each containing the resultant copolymer have satisfactory storage stability and are useful as a spacer for liquid-crystal display panels, etc., a planarization film for TFT elements, and a protective film for color filters.
US08409781B2
Disclosed are: a composition for forming a resist protection film, which shows less damage to a resist film, can form a good, rectangular resist pattern, and can be used regardless of the structure of a resin used in a resist composition; and a method for forming a resist pattern by using the composition. Specifically, disclosed are: a composition for forming a resist protection film, which comprises (a) an alkali-soluble polymer and (b) an ether-based solvent; and a method for forming a resist pattern by using the composition.
US08409778B2
A resin coated carrier is provided that can stably charge a toner having added thereto an external additive having a large particle size over a long period of time and can prevent blocking of a developer. The resin coated carrier satisfies the following formula (1): log(Mb/Ma)>2 (1) in which Ma is a weight average molecular weight of a silicone resin having the minimum weight average molecular weight, contained in a resin coating layer, and Mb is a weight average molecular weight of a silicone resin having the maximum weight average molecular weight, and the following formula (2) is satisfied: 0.5≦−log(A/B)≦2.5 (2) in which A is a volume resistance (Ω/cm) under electric field of 1,000 V/cm obtained by conducting a stirring test, and B is a volume resistance (Ω/cm) under electric field of 1,000 V/cm before the stirring test.
US08409776B2
A toner for developing an electrostatic image, contains a binder resin having an acid value of from approximately 10 mgKOH/g to approximately 20 mgKOH/g and carbon black having a surface carboxyl group density of from approximately 2×10−6 mol/m to approximately 8×10−6 mol/m2, and is prepared in an aqueous medium.
US08409775B2
The present invention relates to a toner for electrophotography which has a small particle size and is excellent in all of low-temperature fusing ability, anti-hot offset property and image characteristics and a process for producing the toner, as well as to a dispersion of crosslinked resin particles which is used for production of the toner for electrophotography and a process for producing the dispersion of crosslinked resin particles. The dispersion of crosslinked resin particles having a volume median particle size (D50) of from 0.05 to 0.7 μm according to the present invention is produced by a process including the steps of (A) neutralizing a resin containing an acid group-containing polyester in an aqueous medium to obtain a dispersion of resin particles; and (B) mixing the dispersion of resin particles obtained in the step (A) with an oxazoline group-containing polymer at a temperature of from 60 to 100° C.
US08409774B2
A toner for developing an electrostatic latent image, the toner comprising: a releasing agent; and a binder resin, wherein: the releasing agent includes at least a first releasing agent material and a second releasing agent material, the first releasing agent material having a different melting point compared to the second releasing agent material; and a differential scanning calorimetric curve, obtained by measuring the toner for developing the electrostatic latent image by means of a differential scanning calorimeter, exhibits a shoulder at a temperature in a range of 50° C. to 53° C. corresponding to a glass transition temperature of the toner for developing the electrostatic latent image, and also exhibits a local maximum point at a temperature in a range of 90° C. to 95° C.
US08409770B2
A blank mask includes a substrate, a multilayer reflection layer disposed over the substrate, a capping layer disposed over the multilayer reflection layer, a self-assembled monolayer disposed over the capping layer, a buffer layer disposed over the self-assembled monolayer, and an absorption layer disposed over the buffer layer.
US08409769B2
A gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell is described. The gas diffusion layer includes a carbon fiber mat having a substantially open structure. Bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp is added into a microporous layer ink. Alternatively, the bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp can first be disposed on the carbon fiber mat, with the microporous layer ink added thereafter. When the microporous layer ink/bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp mixture is coated on the carbon fiber mat, the ink penetrates through the open substrate, and is locked into place by the bloomed acrylic pulp fibers. This allows for a buildup of microporous layer ink on top of the substrate for added thickness when the bloomed fibrillated acrylic pulp sits on top of the mat.
US08409764B2
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system. A hot zone chamber has a wall thickness T and a heat source coupled thereto. An elongate fuel cell device is positioned with a first lengthwise portion within the hot zone chamber, a second lengthwise portion outside the hot zone chamber, and a third lengthwise portion of length T within the chamber wall. The third portion has a maximum dimension L in a plane transverse to the length where T≧½L.
US08409756B2
Disclosed is a non-thermofusible phenol resin powder having an average particle diameter of not more than 20 μm and a single particle ratio of not less than 0.7. This non-thermofusible phenol resin powder preferably has a chlorine content of not more than 500 ppm. This non-thermofusible phenol resin powder is useful as an organic filler for sealing materials for semiconductors and adhesives for semiconductors. The non-thermofusible phenol resin powder is also useful as a precursor of functional carbon materials such as a molecular sieve carbon and a carbon electrode material.
US08409755B2
According to one embodiment, an active material for batteries includes monoclinic β-type titanium composite oxide containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Ta, Al, Ga, and In, the at least one element being contained in an amount of 0.03 wt % or more and 3 wt % or less.
US08409740B2
The remote control system (1) has a battery compartment, which is disposed in a housing and which is closed by means of a removable cover lid (4). The cover lid (4) is held to the housing by means of at least one permanent magnet (6, 7).
US08409739B2
Battery latching mechanism having connecting block and receiving hole for portable electronic device
A portable electronic device includes a battery, a housing, and a latching element. The housing defines a battery compartment and at least one receiving hole. The latching element includes a flat plate, an extension plate and at least one connecting block. The extension plate extends from the flat plate and reaches into the battery compartment to elastically latch the battery. The at least one connecting block projects from the flat plate and is received in the receiving hole and resists the housing.
US08409735B2
Power generation efficiency of a microbial power generation device is improved by a simple and inexpensive means. Two plate-shaped cation-exchange membranes 31 are disposed parallel to each other in a tank body 30, whereby a negative electrode chamber 32 is formed between the cation-exchange membranes 31. Two positive electrode chambers 33 are each formed so as to be separated from the negative electrode chamber 32 by the corresponding cation-exchange membrane 31. An oxygen-containing gas is passed through the positive electrode chamber 33, a negative electrode solution L is supplied to the negative electrode chamber, and preferably the negative electrode solution is circulated. An acid gas (carbon dioxide gas) is introduced into the oxygen-containing gas to be supplied to the positive electrode chamber 33. Movement of Na+ and K+ ions is promoted by the pH neutralization effect produced by the acid gas, and thereby power generation efficiency can be improved.
US08409727B2
A color filter array is provided that is capable of implementing full color with improved light-emitting efficiency and color coordinate values from a mixed light of blue and red, and an organic light-emitting display device using the same. A color filter array receiving a mixed light of blue wavelength light and red wavelength light to implement full color according to an embodiment of the invention comprises a red filter, a green filter, and a blue filter. The red filter includes a first color conversion material for converting the blue wavelength light into green light and red light and a green blocking material for blocking the green light. The green filter includes a second color conversion material for converting the blue wavelength light into green light and red light and a red blocking material for blocking the red light. The blue filter includes a red blocking material for blocking the red wavelength light.
US08409724B2
A coated article is described. The coated article includes a substrate, a bonding layer formed on the substrate, a plurality of nickel-chromium-nitrogen layers and a plurality of copper-zinc alloy layers formed on the bonding layer. The bonding layer is a nickel-chromium layer. Each nickel-chromium-nitrogen layer interleaves with one copper-zinc alloy layer. One of the nickel-chromium-nitrogen layers is directly formed on the bonding layer. A method for making the coated article is also described.
US08409719B2
An intermediate transfer member that includes a mixture of a polyamideimide, an ammonium alkylphosphate, an optional polysiloxane, and an optional conductive filler.
US08409718B2
A threaded joint for steel pipes for use in an oil well which has galling resistance and which is protected from rusting comprises a pin and a box each having a contact surface including a threaded portion and an unthreaded metal contact portion. The contact surface of at least one of the pin and the box has a lower layer of a viscous liquid or semisolid lubricating coating comprising at least wax and a fatty acid alkaline earth metal salt and not containing a harmful heavy metal such as lead and an upper layer of a dry solid coating formed from an aqueous resin coating composition, an organic solvent type coating composition, or an ultraviolet curing coating composition.
US08409709B2
A hydrophobic granular play material comprised of a multitude of engineered particle structures. The particle structures have an average maximum diameter of less than three millimeters. Each particle structure has an inner core of first material that is coated with a hydrophobic composition. The inner core can be particles of natural sand, plastic, or polyfoam. The inner core is enveloped in a composition of a cured elastomeric gel. The gel is hydrophobic. However, the elastomeric gel does exhibit adhesion to itself. Consequently, the particles coated in the elastomeric gel repel water but lightly adhere to each other when compressed together. The particle structures of the play material can therefore be compressed into shapes in the same manner as natural wet sand.
US08409699B2
The invention relates to a breathing adhesive sheet material comprising a sheet layer having apertures and an adhesive coating layer with apertures corresponding to at least part of the apertures of said sheet layer, provided on one side of said sheet layer having apertures, wherein said apertures in said adhesive coating layer constitute portions of a substantially continuous adhesive coating layer separated there from by remaining adhered to a protective sheet layer upon removal thereof. The invention also relates to a composite sheet material comprising such adhesive sheet material with a removable protective sheet layer provided to separate portions from the continuous adhesive layer upon separation thereof from the adhesive sheet material. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such an adhesive sheet material comprising the steps of applying a layer of uncured adhesive material to a sheet layer having apertures and a layer of protective sheet material, and submitting the sheet layer having apertures, the layer of protective sheet material and the layer of uncured adhesive material to a curing operation, thereby causing the layer of adhesive material to preferentially adhere to the sheet layer having apertures outside the apertures, and to adhere to the protective sheet layer at said apertures.
US08409696B2
A cutting tool includes a body of a hard alloy of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride based material or high speed steel and on which at least one of the functioning parts of the surface thereof, a hard and wear resistant coating is applied. The coating includes a polycrystalline laminar, multilayered structure of metal nitride compounds, in a repetitive form . . . MeN/(Ti1-xAlx)N/MeN/(Ti1-xAlx)N/MeN/(Ti1-xAlx)N/MeN/(Ti1-xAlx)N . . . of cubic structured (Ti1-xAlx)N layers where 0.3
US08409686B2
An optical recording medium having three or more information recording layers reduces crosstalk caused by multi-reflected beams and improves signal quality. In the optical recording medium having three or more information recording layers, the refractive index of a plurality of intermediate layers disposed between adjacent information recording layers is greater than the refractive index of a cover layer disposed between a light incident surface and an information recording layer being the closest from the light incident surface.
US08409673B2
A liquid crystal compound having a large refractive index anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, and a low melting point, and a liquid crystal medium having a liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range, a large refractive index anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, and having an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase, are provided. The present invention is a liquid crystal compound having a chlorobenzene ring, and a liquid crystal medium characterized by containing the liquid crystal compound and a chiral reagent, and exhibiting an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase.
US08409671B2
A method for forming a resin film is provided in which a liquid material is cured by shifting irradiation of light from a central side to an outer circumferential side of a substrate during or after spreading a liquid material on the substrate by rotation, in which the light is annular, and an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the annular light are increased concentrically in relation to a central axis of rotation as irradiation time progresses, so that the annular light shifts from the central side to the outer circumferential side of the substrate.
US08409669B2
A method and system for the spray application of epoxy materials is provided. The system includes a dual walled tank structure as a reservoir for containing and preheating the epoxy materials in preparation for mixing and spray application. Each component of the epoxy material is preheated before the components are mixed. After preheating, the components are then mixed together and spray applied. The method and system of the present invention provides a high quality spray applied epoxy coating while reducing equipment down time and cleaning.
US08409653B2
It is possible to provide an excellent salty taste enhancer that can compensate for insufficient salty taste when attempting to reduce the salt content of a food. A salty taste enhancer obtained by adding a glutamic acid-containing dipeptide, specifically Glu-Ala, Glu-Arg, Glu-Asn, Glu-Asp, Glu-Gln, Glu-Glu, Glu-Gly, Glu-His, Glu-Ile, Glu-Leu, Glu-Lys, Glu-Pro, Glu-Ser, Glu-Thr, Glu-Trp, Glu-Tyr, Glu-Val, Arg-Glu, Asn-Glu, Asp-Glu, Gln-Glu, His-Glu, Pro-Glu, Ser-Glu, Thr-Glu, or Trp-Glu, to an enzymatic decomposition product of a protein material and/or a basic amino acid, especially arginine. A method for producing these salty taste enhancers, a method for enhancing a salty taste by using these salty taste enhancers, and a food or drink that contains these salty taste enhancers.
US08409651B2
High energy and high protein liquid nutrition enteral compositions are provided that contain micellar casein and caseinate, an optionally a small amount of whey.
US08409642B2
Ferulate esterase producing bacterial strains or functional mutants thereof and methods of using ferulate esterase producing bacterial strains as forage additives are disclosed.
US08409640B2
The present invention relates to methods for producing high levels of alcohol during fermentation of plant material, and to the high alcohol beer produced. The method can include fractionating the plant material. The present invention also relates to methods for producing high protein distiller's dried grain from fermentation of plant material, and to the high protein distiller's dried grain produced. The method can include drying a co-product by ring drying, flash drying, or fluid bed drying. The present invention further relates to reduced stack emissions from drying distillation products from the production of ethanol.
US08409639B2
The present invention relates to methods for producing high levels of alcohol during fermentation of plant material, and to the high alcohol beer produced. The method can include fractionating the plant material. The present invention also relates to methods for producing high protein distiller's dried grain from fermentation of plant material, and to the high protein distiller's dried grain produced. The method can include drying a co-product by ring drying, flash drying, or fluid bed drying. The present invention further relates to reduced stack emissions from drying distillation products from the production of ethanol.
US08409638B2
The invention provides a chewing gum base containing a homogeneous composition in solid form comprising a) from 50 to 90% by weight of polyvinyl acetate and b) from 10 to 50% by weight of vinyl acetate-vinyl laurate copolymer, the weight percentage based on the total weight of the composition.
US08409636B2
Ethanolic chia (Salvia hispanica) seed extracts are provided in a system including one or more polyols and at least one hydrophobic compound that solubilize hydrophobic and slightly hydrophilic fractions of the extracts. The polyol can be pentylene glycol. The at least one hydrophobic compound can be a light oil or an ester including, but not limited to, glyceryl caprylate, glyceryl trioctanoate, isodecyl neopentanoate, isononyl isononanoate, isopropyl myristate, phenethyl benzoate, propylene glycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, propylene glycol dioctanoate and combinations thereof. The system or solution can form a cosmetic composition which is highly stable. A method for preparing the composition also is provided.
US08409630B2
The process involves (a) continuously forming bromine chloride from separate feed streams of bromine and chlorine by maintaining said streams under automatic feed rate control whereby the streams are continuously proportioned to come together in equimolar amounts to form bromine chloride; (b) continuously forming an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine greater than 0.93:1 by continuously feeding into mixing apparatus separate feed streams of (1) bromine chloride formed in (a), and (2) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, under automatic feed rate control whereby the feed streams are continuously proportioned to come together in amounts that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (1) and (2) greater than 0.93:1; and, (c) withdrawing said aqueous product from said mixing apparatus at a rate sufficient to enable the continuous feeding in (a) and (b) to be maintained.
US08409616B2
This invention relates to an abuse deterrent dosage form of opioid analgesics, wherein an analgesically effective amount of opioid analgesic is combined with a polymer to form a matrix.
US08409613B2
A method of treatment for epilepsy and other disease states is described, which comprises the delivery of gabapentin in a gastric retained dosage form.
US08409610B2
A wound care device for local treatment of pain in a wound, said device comprising an active pain relieving composition, the device being constructed in such a manner that the pain killing agent is released to the wound in such a way that substantially no effective systemic plasma concentration of the pain killing agent can be found and wherein a majority of said pain killing agent is in direct contact with the wound.
US08409599B2
The invention provides a cost-effective method for applying a hydrophilic coating onto a silicone hydrogel contact lens based on Fenton chemistry. The hydrophilic coating is covalently attached onto the contact lens at room temperature without UV irradiation. The invention also provides silicone hydrogel contact lenses having a hydrophilic coating obtained according to the method of the invention.
US08409587B2
The present invention relates to immunogenic compositions comprising a dried solid or highly viscous liquid formulation of inactivated polio virus (IPV) and a stabilizing agent wherein the IPV retains its antigenicity and/or immunogenicity. Methods of producing a dried formulation of IPV which retains its antigenicity/immunogenicity are described.
US08409585B2
Methods and compositions for increasing intestinal transport of nutrients or growth performance in the offspring of an animal are described. More specifically, a feed composition comprising an omega-3 fatty acid-containing composition for increasing intestinal transport of nutrients or growth performance in the offspring of the animal, and methods therefor, are described.
US08409583B2
CgtB proteins with enhanced beta 1,3-galactosaminyltransferase activity, nucleic acids that encode the CgtB proteins and methods for use of the CgtB proteins.
US08409568B2
The present invention relates to a viral vector encoding for a library of antibodies or antibody fragments that are displayed on the cell membrane when expressed in a cell. The present invention provides cells comprising the viral vector nucleic acids and methods of screening the libraries for antibodies or antibody fragments with desired characteristics.
US08409562B2
The current invention describes chimeric vaccine antigens against the virus that causes the Classic Swine Fever (CSFV). Such vaccine antigens are based on viral subunits coupled to proteins able to stimulate cellular and humoral immune system. Chimeric antigens can be produced in expression systems that guarantee a correct tertiary structure folding of the chimeric molecules, which constitute the essence of the current invention. The vaccine formulations containing such chimeric antigens induce an early and potent immune response on vaccinated pigs and confer full protection against CSFV. Moreover, the resultant vaccine formulations prevent the viral transmission from sows to their offspring. The chimeric antigens, as well as the resultant vaccine formulations, can be applied in animal health as vaccines for preventive use in swine.
US08409558B2
Onychomycosis present in a nail is treated by debridement such as grinding a portion of the nail, which includes an infected portion and thereafter applying a composition containing alkyl cyanoacrylate to the debrided surface which cures to a hard layer. The hard layer can be successively ground and coated with successive layers of alkyl cycanoacrylate.
US08409551B2
A water-releasing cosmetic makeup material that has excellent stability, exhibits good dispersion of color pigments, and ruptures smoothly upon application to provide good spreadability and superior feeling. The water-releasing cosmetic makeup material is formed of a water-in-oil emulsion comprising (a) a partially crosslinked polyether-modified silicone, a partially crosslinked polyglycerin-modified silicone, or a combination thereof, (b) an acrylic silicone-based graft copolymer, and (c) a branched silicone surfactant in an amount of 0.05 to 0.7% by mass.
US08409547B2
The invention relates to radiodiagnostic and radiotherapeutic agents, including biologically active vectors labelled with radionuclides. It further relates to methods and reagents labelling a vector such as a peptide comprising reaction of a compound of formula (I) with a compound of formula (II): R*-L2-C≡N+—O− (II) or,a compound of formula (III) with a compound of formula (IV) in the presence of a Cu (I) catalyst. The resultant labelled conjugates are useful as diagnostic agents, for example, as radiopharmaceuticals more specifically for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) or for radiotherapy.
US08409536B2
A technique that, in an exhaust gas purification apparatus of an internal combustion engine, can avoid a decrease in a NOx purification rate by adding a reducing agent as continuously as possible, while avoiding NH3 from passing through a selective reduction type NOx catalyst to a downstream side thereof. The selective reduction type NOx catalyst has an active spot which purifies NOx by the use of NH3, and an adsorption site which adsorbs NH3, wherein a vicinity site, which is located in the vicinity of the active spot, and a distant site, which is located distant from the active spot, exist in the adsorption site. The addition of the reducing agent from the reducing agent addition part is controlled based on the desorption rate of NH3 in the vicinity site so as to continue to cause the NH3 adsorbed to the vicinity site to exist.
US08409535B2
A system and method for removing contaminants from a gas stream is provided. The method can include the steps of reacting the gas stream with ozone to form solid contaminant particles and separating the solid contaminant particles from the gas stream. The solid contaminant particles can be separated from the gas stream using an adsorption material.
US08409531B2
Embodiments of the invention provide an efficient and effective technique for storing and dispensing reagent beads. In some embodiments, an apparatus is provided for dispensing reagent beads contained in a bead storage device which includes a bead carrier having a plurality of wells; a plurality of reagent beads disposed in the wells; and a cover tape releasably attached to the bead carrier to cover the wells and retain the reagent beads in the wells. The apparatus comprises a channel in which to place the bead storage device with the bead carrier facing a support wall of the channel and the cover tape facing a stripping wall of the channel. The stripping wall includes a stripping gap disposed between a stripping edge and an opposite edge, and a dispense opening provided adjacent the opposite edge on a side of the stripping wall opposite from the stripping edge. The cover tape is insertable through the stripping gap to be pulled against the stripping edge to peel the cover tape from the bead carrier to move the wells of the bead carrier inside the channel toward the dispense opening and expose the wells individually to dispense the reagent beads.
US08409524B2
A paint that warns of radiological or chemical substances comprising a paint operatively connected to the surface, an indicator material carried by the paint that provides an indication of the radiological or chemical substances, and a thermo-activation material carried by the paint. In one embodiment, a method of warning of radiological or chemical substances comprising the steps of painting a surface with an indicator material, and monitoring the surface for indications of the radiological or chemical substances. In another embodiment, a paint is operatively connected to a vehicle and an indicator material is carried by the paint that provides an indication of the radiological or chemical substances.
US08409503B2
Viscosity of a test body solution spotted onto a test piece is detected. The test piece has an insoluble support, through which the test body solution is developed, and a test region formed on the insoluble support, the test region reacting with an analyte in the test body solution and undergoing coloration. A washing liquid is fed to the test region and its neighboring regions at the time between a stage, at which the test body solution has been developed through the test region, and a stage, at which a liquid for amplifying the coloration state of the test region is fed to the test piece, such that the quantity of the washing liquid fed to the test region and its neighboring regions is set to be large as the detected viscosity becomes high.
US08409501B2
A mobile deactivation apparatus for deactivating contaminants within a defined region that includes a source of a vaporous deactivating agent, a gas handling system, a support member, a drive means, a control system, and a power system is disclosed. The gas handling system dispenses the vaporous deactivating agent to the defined region. The support member is movable in the defined region and supports the source of the vaporous deactivating agent and the gas handling system. The support member can be propelled by the drive means. The control system is programmed to control the operation of the gas handling system and the drive means. A power system is provided to supply power to the mobile deactivation apparatus.
US08409500B2
A bottle, a system and a method sterilize a liquid. The bottle has an interior to hold the liquid and an ultraviolet light emitting lamp that extends into the interior. A cord may be attached to the bottle so that pulling the cord may power the ultraviolet light emitting lamp and/or charge a battery used to power the ultraviolet light emitting lamp. The bottle may have a status light that indicates that the ultraviolet light emitting lamp may have an amount of power equal to or greater than a threshold value, such as, for example, an amount of power necessary for the ultraviolet light emitting lamp to operate for ninety seconds. The bottle may have a removable lid located opposite to the ultraviolet light emitting lamp.
US08409498B2
A sputter target material which is of a sintered material, wherein the sputter target material consists of 0.5 to 50 atomic % in total of at least one metal element (M) selected from the group of Ti, Zr, V, Nb and Cr, and the balance of Mo and unavoidable impurities, and has a microstructure seen at a perpendicular cross section to a sputtering surface, in which microstructure oxide particles exist near a boundary of each island of the metal element (M), and wherein the maximum area of the island, which is defined by connecting the oxide particles with linear lines so as to form a closed zone, is not more than 1.0 mm2.
US08409496B2
A method and apparatus produces high strength aluminum alloys from a powder containing L12 intermetallic dispersoids. The powder is degassed, sealed under vacuum in a container, consolidated by vacuum hot pressing, and superplastically formed into a usable part.
US08409483B2
A method and apparatus are disclosed for producing a three-dimensional body consisting of individual solidified layers, whereby a coating material is disposed on one of a carrier plate and an already-solidified layer of the body in a first layer thickness by slidably withdrawing a bottom plate of a storage container filled with the coating material, thereby allowing coating material to descend from the storage container onto the carrier plate or already-solidified layer of the body. The first layer thickness of the coating material is then reduced to a lesser second layer thickness by re-inserting the bottom plate through the coating material disposed on the carrier plate or already-solidified layer. The coating material is then solidified at predetermined locations in order to generate a desired layer contour of one solidified layer of the three-dimensional body.
US08409479B2
The invention relates to a ceramifying composition for forming a fire resistant ceramic under fire conditions the composition comprising: (i) at least 10% by weight of mineral silicate; (ii) from 8% to 40% by weight of at least one inorganic phosphate that forms a liquid phase at a temperature of no more than 800° C.; and (iii) at least 15% by weight based on the total weight of the composition of a polymer base composition comprising at least 50% by weight of an organic polymer.
US08409478B2
The invention relates to a flame retardant composition, particularly designed for fire fighting with aerial means. The retardant composition comprises a liquid ammonium polyphosphate of chain length with a value of n between 2 and 3, n being the number of condensation groups, and an ammonium polyphosphate in powder form in suspension, with a chain length with a value of n between 100 and 1500. In addition to the above, the flame retardant composition comprises corrosion inhibitors, in particular zinc orthophosphate dihydrate, and at least one surfactant agent as wetting agent or dispensing agent, an organic or inorganic thickening agent and at least one coloring agent.
US08409477B2
A ZnO vapor deposition material for formation of a transparent conductive film or the like consists mainly of a porous ZnO sintered body containing one or more first additive elements selected from Ce, La, Y, Pr, Nd, Pm, and Sm, and second additive elements selected from Al, Ga, Sc, and B. The content of the first additive elements is higher than the content of the second additive elements. The content of the first additive elements is in a range of 0.1 to 14.9% by mass, and the content of the second additive elements is in a range of 0.1 to 10% by mass. The sintered body has a porosity of 3 to 50%.
US08409463B1
The invention discloses an aqueous method of making polymer coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles. The method comprises providing a mixture of iron salts in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. A solution of ammonium hydroxide is added to the mixture and stirred. Stirring continues with an aqueous solution of one or more biocompatible polymers so as to promote formation of polymer coated iron nanoparticles in suspension, wherein optionally at least one of the polymers in the coating may be aminated. Centrifuging the suspension leaves a supernatant without large particles. Filtering the supernatant through an ultrafiltration membrane and collecting the filtrate recovers polymer coated nanoparticles. Crosslinking the polymer is effected by treatment with a solution of epichlorohydrin and sodium hydroxide while stirring vigorously for up to about eight hours. Optionally aminating the polymer may be accomplished by treatment with ammonia after crosslinking and then removing remaining free epichlorohydrin. Nanoparticles made by the method are included in the invention.
US08409459B2
A chamber component configured to be coupled to a processing chamber is described. The chamber component comprises one or more adjustable gas passages through which a process gas is introduced to the process chamber. The adjustable gas passage may be configured to form a hollow cathode that creates a hollow cathode plasma in a hollow cathode region having one or more plasma surfaces in contact with the hollow cathode plasma. Therein, at least one of the one or more plasma surfaces is movable in order to vary the size of the hollow cathode region and adjust the properties of the hollow cathode plasma. Furthermore, one or more adjustable hollow cathodes may be utilized to adjust a plasma process for treating a substrate.
US08409456B2
A method for planarizing a semiconductor device includes providing a substrate having at least one opening therein, each opening defining a lower portion and an upper portion; coating a light sensitive material layer over the substrate, the light sensitive material layer covering the lower and upper portions of the at least one opening; etching back the light sensitive material layer to expose the upper portion of the at least one opening; repeating the steps of coating and etching to remove a predetermined amount below the upper portion of the at least one opening; depositing an insulating layer over the substrate; and planarizing the insulating layer until the upper portion of the at least one opening is exposed.
US08409454B2
A production process for a structure includes preparing a substrate on which a first layer and a second layer are provided in this order; forming a second mold, which is a part of a mold member serving as a mold for forming the structure, from the second layer; etching the first layer using the second mold as a mask and thereby forming a first mold, which is another part of the mold member from the first layer; providing a coating layer which serves as the structure to cover the first mold and the second mold; and removing the first mold and the second mold and thereby forming the structure.
US08409451B2
An apparatus for etching a substrate includes (a) a nozzle system including at least one nozzle through which acid solution containing at least hydrofluoric acid is sprayed onto the substrate, (b) a mover which moves at least one of the nozzle system and the substrate relative to the other in a predetermined direction in such a condition that the substrate and the nozzle system face each other, (c) a filter system which filters off particles out of the acid solution having been sprayed onto the substrate, and (d) a circulation system which circulates the acid solution having been sprayed onto the substrate, to the filter system, and further, to the nozzle system from the filter system.
US08409450B2
An embodiment of a method of suspending a graphene membrane across a gap in a support structure includes attaching graphene to a substrate. A pre-fabricated support structure having the gap is attached to the graphene. The graphene and the pre-fabricated support structure are then separated from the substrate which leaves the graphene membrane suspended across the gap in the pre-fabricated support structure. An embodiment of a method of depositing material includes placing a support structure having a graphene membrane suspended across a gap under vacuum. A precursor is adsorbed to a surface of the graphene membrane. A portion of the graphene membrane is exposed to a focused electron beam which deposits a material from the precursor onto the graphene membrane. An embodiment of a graphene-based structure includes a support structure having a gap, a graphene membrane suspended across the gap, and a material deposited in a pattern on the graphene membrane.
US08409449B2
Methods for fabricating sub-lithographic, nanoscale linear microchannel arrays over surfaces without defined features utilizing self-assembling block copolymers, and films and devices formed from these methods are provided. Embodiments of the methods use a multi-layer induced ordering approach to align lamellar films to an underlying base film within trenches, and localized heating to anneal the lamellar-phase block copolymer film overlying the trenches and outwardly over the remaining surface.
US08409440B2
The invention relates to a biological wastewater purification method using a reactor including a first compartment (2) and a second compartment (4), the lower parts of which are communicated with one another. The water to be treated enters the first compartment, while the second compartment houses aerobic granular sludge at atmospheric pressure. Oxygen-laden gas is injected into the lower part of the second compartment. The granular sludge forms a bed (5) in the second compartment (4) and the reactor operates in a sequential, discontinuous manner in a cycle comprising two phases, namely: a first anaerobic phase during which the first compartment (2) is vacuum-filled with the water to be treated, after which the pressure is abruptly brought to atmospheric pressure in order to discharge a volume of water rapidly into the second compartment (4); and a second aerobic phase during which gas containing oxygen is injected into the second compartment (4).
US08409438B2
To provide an apparatus for treating a radioactive nitrate waste liquid that includes a denitrification tank (12A) which accommodates active sludge that adsorbs or takes in the radioactive substance in a nitrate waste liquid (11) and in which an anaerobic microorganism that reduces the nitrate to nitrogen gas grows, and a reaeration tank (14) in which a denitrification-treated liquid (24) treated in the denitrification tank (12A) is aerated and mixed with active sludge. A pH adjuster (21), a carbon source (22), and nitrogen gas are supplied to the denitrification tank (12A) so as to separate a denitrified liquid into a solid content and the denitrification-treated liquid (24) by using a first solid-liquid separating film (25), and the denitrification-treated liquid (24) treated with the active sludge in the reaeration tank (14) is reaerated and separated into a solid content and a reaeration-treated liquid (27) by using a second solid-liquid separating film (28).
US08409428B2
The present invention concerns a novel additive composition for reducing sulfur content of a catalytically cracked gasoline fraction. This additive composition comprises a support consisting of porous clay into which a first metal from group IVB is incorporated and a second metal from group IIB is impregnated. Preferably, the first incorporated metal is zirconium and the second impregnated metal is zinc. The sulfur reduction additive is used in combination with a conventional cracking catalyst in a fluidized catalytic cracking process to convert hydrocarbon feed stocks into gasoline having comparatively lower sulfur content and other liquid products.
US08409427B2
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for producing a treated hydrocarbon containing stream for use as a feed to a steam methane reformer of a hydrogen plant. In accordance with such method, amounts of olefins and organic sulfur species within an untreated feed are decreased in a reactor that is operated in either a hydrogenation mode to hydrogenate the olefins into saturated hydrocarbons or a pre-reforming mode in which hydrocarbon containing two or more carbon atoms including the olefins are reacted with oxygen and steam to form saturated hydrocarbons, methane, additional hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The reactor is configured and operates at a sufficiently high space velocity that olefin and organic species slip occurs that is further treated in a hydrotreater. The reactor contains a catalyst capable of promoting both hydrogenation and oxidation reactions and the hydrotreater contains a catalyst that is capable of only promoting hydrogenation reactions.
US08409425B2
The disclosure provides for reagent compositions for biosensors comprising release polymers, methods of making such biosensors and films of reagent compositions comprising release polymers. The reagent compositions comprise a release polymer and an effective analyte detecting amount of an enzyme an enzyme cofactor and a redox compound capable of acting in a biosensor as (i) a redox mediator associated with a working electrode (ii) a redox couple associated with a reference electrode or (iii) the redox mediator associated with the working electrode and the redox couple for the reference electrode.
US08409423B2
A method for machining workpieces provides a machining electrode, which is guided at a specific distance to the workpiece. An electrolyte is provided between the workpiece and the machining electrode, through which an operating current flows between the machining electrode and the workpiece. The operating current results from an operating voltage (UA), which is produced at the machining electrode, the workpiece being connected to ground. To perform the machining procedure, the distance between the machining electrode and the workpiece is regulated and the operating voltage (UA) is determined in such a way that the resulting operating current is a DC current or a pulsed DC current—i.e., the operating voltage is a DC voltage of fixed or specific dimension. A measuring voltage (UM) is superimposed on the operating voltage (UA) for producing the operating current. The measuring current resulting because of the application of the measuring voltage (UM) is detected and the distance between the machining electrode and the workpiece is concluded from the relationship between the measuring voltage (UM) and the measuring current.
US08409422B2
This invention relates to a process and an apparatus for generating hydrogen and oxygen gas by electrolysis of water. The process involves forming an electrolyte including alkaline ions and the water and generating plasma between electrodes immersed in the electrolyte by applying an electrical potential between the electrodes. The plasma ionizes the electrolyte, thereby generating hydrogen and oxygen gas. The process further involves controlling the process by relocating the generated plasma between two or more further electrodes.
US08409418B2
The present invention provides a method and precursor structure to form a Group IBIIIAIVA solar cell absorber layer. The method includes forming a Group IBIIIAVIA compound layer on a base by forming a precursor layer on the base through electrodepositing three different films, and then reacting the precursor layer with selenium to form the Group IBIIIAVIA compound layer on the base. The three films, described by the precursor layer, include in one embodiment a first alloy film comprising copper, indium and gallium, a second alloy film comprising copper and selenium formed on the first alloy film; and a selenium film formed on the second alloy film.
US08409413B2
A device for sampling liquid samples is provided comprising a capillary-active channel, a sampling site, and a determination site. The capillary-active channel is configured for transporting a sample from the sampling site to the determination site. The capillary-active channel is substantially formed by a carrier, a cover and an intermediate layer located between the carrier and cover. The carrier protrudes beyond the cover in the area of the sampling site. The intermediate layer is displaced towards the back in the direction of the determination site in the area of the sampling site so that the carrier as well as the cover protrude beyond the intermediate layer. The device allows sample to be applied from above onto the exposed area of the carrier in the area of the sampling site and also allows sample to be applied from the side.
US08409409B2
System, method and apparatus for measuring electrolysis cell operating conditions and communicating the same are disclosed. The system includes a selectively positionable member coupled to an analytical apparatus, wherein the selectively positionable is configured to move the analytical apparatus into and out of physical communication with a bath. The system may also include a crust breaker for breaking the surface of a bath and an electronic device for measuring bath level.
US08409405B2
Dosed proportioning and cutoff of combustion air into the primary heating space of a horizontal coke oven is provided by apertures in the ceiling of the coke oven chamber, the apertures covered with a withdrawable cover device which controls the amount of air admitted, manually or in an automatic mode. By way of this device, ventilation of a coke oven chamber with primary air can be so controlled that primary air is introduced in an exactly dosed manner and, depending on its place of installation, exactly distributed into the primary heating space of a coke oven chamber.
US08409396B2
A connection between composites with non-compatible properties and a method of preparing of such connections are provided. The composites comprise first and second type fibers, respectively, as well as resin. The connection comprises a transition zone between the composites having a layered structure. The transition zone may optionally comprise a transition member and the transition member may optionally be integrated with one or more of the composites. Examples of non-compatible properties where the present connection will be appreciated are great differences in stiffness, e.g. Young's modulus, or in coefficient of thermal expansion.
US08409389B2
Portable apparatus for curing a part includes a wheeled frame having sliding part supports that move the part from a loading position to a curing position. A part clamping assembly is slidably mounted on the frame to apply clamping pressure to the part when the part is in the curing position in order to compact the part during a cure cycle. The clamping assembly includes a set of electrically heated shoes that heat the part to a cure temperature. A fan is provided to accelerate cool down the part after curing is complete. The heating and cooling operations are automatically performed by a programmed controller.
US08409387B2
A process for producing hollow fiber-reinforced components includes impregnating fibers with an impregnating material, preorienting the impregnated fibers, passing the pre-oriented fibers through a heated extrusion die to cure the impregnating material and to form a hollow profile and detaching segments from the hollow profile. The process further includes placing a separating film between the impregnated fibers at one position of the hollow profile prior to curing. The separating film prevents the fibers from bonding as the impregnating material is cured. A segment produced in this way is swung open at the position of the separating film. A subassembly is positioned inside the swung-open segment and then adjacent portions of the segment are permanently bonded together.
US08409386B1
Storage tank assemblies and methods for water on water reverse osmosis systems. A bladder type storage tank is fabricated by forming first and second shells, which when joined together at a center region of each shell, form a tank enclosure, the first shell having first and second openings therein away from the center region of the respective shell, coupling a bladder to the first opening in the first shell so that the bladder will be within the tank enclosure when the first and second shells are joined together at a center region of each shell, temporarily holding the bladder in a collapsed state away from the center region of the first shell with one or more strings and passing the strings through the second opening, welding the first and second shells together at the center region of each shell to form the tank enclosure, and withdrawing the strings to release the bladder.
US08409383B1
A vibration welding system includes a controller, welding horn, an anvil, and a passive damping mechanism (PDM). The controller generates an input signal having a calibrated frequency. The horn vibrates in a desirable first direction at the calibrated frequency in response to the input signal to form a weld in a work piece. The PDM is positioned with respect to the system, and substantially damps or attenuates vibration in an undesirable second direction. A method includes connecting the PDM having calibrated properties and a natural frequency to an anvil of an ultrasonic welding system. Then, an input signal is generated using a weld controller. The method includes vibrating a welding horn in a desirable direction in response to the input signal, and passively damping vibration in an undesirable direction using the PDM.
US08409378B2
The invention relates to a lead- and barium-free ignition charge which does not contain any oxidant, and its use.
US08409377B2
Combustible structural composites and methods of forming same are disclosed. In an embodiment, a combustible structural composite includes combustible material comprising a fuel metal and a metal oxide. The fuel metal is present in the combustible material at a weight ratio from 1:9 to 1:1 of the fuel metal to the metal oxide. The fuel metal and the metal oxide are capable of exothermically reacting upon application of energy at or above a threshold value to support self-sustaining combustion of the combustible material within the combustible structural composite. Structural-reinforcing fibers are present in the composite at a weight ratio from 1:20 to 10:1 of the structural-reinforcing fibers to the combustible material. Other embodiments and aspects are disclosed.
US08409375B2
A method of producing a copper alloy wire rod, containing: a casting step for obtaining an ingot by pouring molten copper of a precipitation strengthening copper alloy into a belt-&-wheel-type or twin-belt-type movable mold; and a rolling step for rolling the ingot obtained by the casting step, which steps are continuously performed, wherein an intermediate material of the copper alloy wire rod in the mid course of the rolling step or immediately after the rolling step is quenched.
US08409374B2
A method for the heat treatment of a casting produced by high pressure die casting, that may exhibit blister forming porosity in the as-cast condition, of an age-hardenable aluminum alloy, includes solution treating the casting by heating the casting to and within a temperature range enabling solute elements to be taken into solid solution. The casting then is cooled to terminate the solution treatment by quenching the casting to a temperature below 100° C. The cooled casting is held in a temperature range enabling natural and/or artificial ageing. The solution treatment is conducted to achieve a level of solute element solution enabling age-hardening without expansion of pores in the casting causing unacceptable blistering of the casting.
US08409373B2
A two or three phase aluminum alloy having high strength, modulus, ductility and toughness, comprising a fine grain matrix phase nano L12 alloy having a particle size ranging from about 20 nm to 5 microns and a more ductile larger aluminum alloy coarse grain phase having a particle size ranging from about 25 to 250 microns. The fine grain matrix phase alloy comprises aluminum, at least one of scandium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium; and at least one of gadolinium, yttrium, zirconium, titanium, hafnium, and niobium. The alloy may also include ceramic reinforcements in addition to the fine grain matrix phase and the coarse grain phase.
US08409363B2
A method of manufacturing cleaning solvents is provided. The method includes selecting a small plurality of test solvents from a large plurality of perspective solvents. The equilibrium composition of a multi-component solution is preferably described by the Hansen solubility model. A small plurality of test solvents is applied to solute samples and the degree of dissolution or swelling recorded. Based on the degree of dissolution or swelling, at least one solvent is selected from the large plurality of perspective solvents based on the Hansen parameters.
US08409346B2
Waste storage vessels formed from a composition including calcium silicate, magnesium or calcium oxides and an acid phosphate are provided. The composition may also include fly ash or kaolin with or without the calcium silicate.
US08409335B2
The present invention relates to a separating apparatus for separating particles from a fluid flow. Particularly, but not exclusively, the invention relates to a domestic vacuum cleaner having such a separating apparatus for removing dust particles from a dust laden airstream. The separating apparatus includes a first cyclonic cleaning stage including at least one cyclone, and an electrostatic filter, wherein the electrostatic filter is in fluid communication with the at least one cyclone via an air passage, at least a portion of the air passage being formed longitudinally through the separating apparatus, wherein at least a portion of the first cyclonic cleaning stage, the electrostatic filter and the air passage are arranged concentrically.
US08409325B2
There is disclosed an asymmetric gas separation membrane exhibiting both improved gas separation performance and improved mechanical properties, which is made of a soluble aromatic polyimide comprised of a repeating unit represented by general formula (1): wherein B in general formula (1) B comprises 10 to 70 mol % of tetravalent unit B1 represented by general formula (B1) and 90 to 30 mol % of tetravalent unit B2 represented by general formula (B2), and A in general formula (1) comprises 10 to 50 mol % of bivalent unit A1 represented by general formula (A1a) or the like and 90 to 30 mol % of bivalent unit A2 represented by general formula (A2a) or the like.
US08409321B2
Porous leach pipe and method for leaching metals from mining ores. The porous pipe may be buried beneath the surface of a pile of mined ore, providing a more even and uniform distribution of the leaching solution across the pile, increasing metal yields, reducing water consumption and eliminating pooling and ponding of the solution on the top of the piles as occurs with prior art drip line emitters.
US08409319B2
A silicon purification method includes a solidification purification step comprising: preparing the base material to be purified, loading the base material into a crucible, irradiating part of the base material, and fully melting the base material; gradually solidifying the base material by gradually weakening an electron beam so that the solidification proceeds until the solidifying portion occupies a first predetermined ratio of the base material; loading the remnant of the base material into the crucible, and fully melting the remnant of the base material by irradiating the entire area of the remnant of the base material with the electron beam; gradually solidifying the molten metal portion by gradually weakening the electron beam so that the solidification proceeds until the solidifying portion occupies a second predetermined ratio of the molten metal portion; and removing an unsolidified molten metal portion.
US08409314B2
The PSA Filter is a non-electronic air filter utilized in the interior or exterior of any device which uses air movement as a means of ventilation or circulation including, but not limited to a computer, printer or any other type of electronic or non-electronic devices. This invention consists of a base substrate which is covered with a PSA (pressure sensitive adhesive); such that the PSA material applied to the substrate is the active filtering element, this PSA coated substrate is inserted into or on a device for the purpose of trapping dirt, dust, pollen, fibers, and any additional types of air borne contaminants, that may inadvertently enter from the outside environment through factory installed vents, or that may be created inside of the device from its normal operations, thus said contaminants become trapped onto the PSA filter surface through air-circulation.
US08409311B2
The invention relates to a filtering device, comprising a tubular filter element and a carrier part, with the filter element fastened thereon. The carrier part can be inserted between an unfiltered fluid pipe and a filtered fluid pipe. The pipes can be assembled into a continuous flow pipe, wherein the filter element protrudes into the pipe interior.
US08409300B2
Novel disperse azo dyes of formula (I), and processes for preparation thereof. These dyes possess superior washing fastness, sublimation fastness and light fastness.
US08409295B2
A prosthesis comprising an elongated stem for disposition within a cavity formed in a bone, the stem comprising a longitudinal axis and being configured for incremental controlled expansion laterally of the longitudinal axis, whereby to secure the prosthesis within the cavity by means of a press-fit with the surrounding bone.
US08409288B2
This present invention concerns a transforaminal intersomatic cage for an intervertebral fusion graft, and an instrument and method for implanting the cage, an embodiment of the cage having a body in the shape of a circular arc and comprising a lateral concave surface, a lateral convex surface, a straight upper surface, a straight lower surface and an end wall having at least one hole, called the end hole, designed to receive a rod of an instrument for implanting the cage between the vertebrae, wherein: the end hole has an orientation that is more or less tangential to the circular arc described by the body; the extremity opposite to the end wall of the body includes a return part extending the body toward the center of the circle on which the circular arc described by the body lies.
US08409281B2
A system for manipulating energy transferred by members defining a joint. The system includes a first attachment structure configured to be attached to a first member of the joint and a second attachment structure configured to be attached to a second member of the joint. There is also an adjustable energy absorbing device attached to the first attachment structure and second attachment structure, wherein adjusting the energy absorbing device changes the load manipulating characteristics of the energy absorbing device.
US08409278B2
The system is able to correct the spherical and cylindrical power as well as other aberrations of the optical pathway of both eyes of a person eliminating the need for multiple heavy glass lenses and mirrors. For correcting the refractive errors, the above described system is equipped with a diachroic mirror interposed in front of the system, to divert part of the light reflecting from the pupil to a Shack-Hartman wave front sensor.
US08409275B2
A prosthetic tissue valve for aortic, pulmonary, mitral or tricuspid valve replacement is described herein. A sewing ring for use with the prosthetic tissue valve is also described. The valve can have a circumference that is a predetermined distance larger than the circumference of an annulus in a defective valve. The valve can be substantially planar in an unstressed position before attachment at the annulus and substantially non-planar upon attachment in a biased position at the annulus. Methods are provided for placing the valve as described herein in the biased position within the annulus of the defective valve.
US08409272B2
A stent includes a stent body of a cylindrical configuration having outer and inner surfaces, a first coated layer coating at least the outer surface, and a second coated layer coating substantially completely over the first coated layer. The first coated layer is prepared of a first composition comprising a polymer and a vascular intimal hyperplasia inhibitor (preferably argatroban) of a kind, which does not inhibit proliferation of endothelial cells, the weight compositional ratio of the polymer to the inhibitor being within the range of 8:2 to 3:7. On the other hand, the second coated layer is prepared of a polymer alone or a second composition comprising a polymer and a drug, the weight compositional ratio of the drug to 80% by weight of the polymer being less than 20% by weight.
