The invention discloses a shock absorber device with variable stiffness and variable damping. The shock absorber device sequentially comprises an upper plate, a shock absorber array and a lower platefrom top to bottom, wherein the shock absorber array comprises one or more shock absorbers; each shock absorber comprises a spring locating piece, an upper damper outer barrel, a lower damper outer barrel, an upper spring, a lower spring and a piston rod; the upper springs are wound between the spring locating pieces and the upper damper outer barrels; the lower springs are wound between the upperdamper outer barrels and the lower damper outer barrels; inner cavities of the upper damper outer barrels and the lower damper outer barrels are separately filled with giant electrorheological fluidand provided with a piston rod; the piston rods pass through the upper damper outer barrels and enter the lower damper outer barrels, and are connected with pistons in a nesting way; the piston rods are connected with a negative pole of an external power supply; the upper and lower damper outer barrels are connected with a positive pole of the external power supply. The shock absorber device provided by the invention utilizes a giant electrorheological effect of the giant electrorheological fluid to change a connection mode of the upper and lower springs under the condition of energization, thus having functions of varying stiffness and varying damping.