The invention discloses a parallel tracking system and method based on a bionic binocular vision onboard platform. The system comprises two high definition cameras, the two high definition cameras are connected to two onboard fast processing modules SECO CARMA DevKit respectively, the two onboard fast processing modules are then connected to a computer, the computer is then connected to a DSP controller, and the DSP controller controls a bionic cloud deck to move. High definition images are obtained through the high definition cameras and then are transmitted to the onboard fast processing modules SECO CARMA DevKit through USBs, and target detection and tracking are carried out on the images collected in real time. The method comprises the steps that firstly, a moving target is extracted through a background subtraction method, then the target is tracked through a model dynamic switching method, SIFT descriptors of the target are extracted and then are input in the computer to carry out matching, and matching results are transmitted back to the SECO CARMA DevKit to optimize the detection and tracking on target areas of the two cameras. According to the embodiment, the parallel tracking system and method based on the bionic binocular vision onboard platform are mainly used for moving target tracking especially the target tracking based on the bionic binoculus.