The invention discloses a solar combined heat and power generation solid waste treatment system. The solar combined heat and power generation solid waste treatment system aims at utilizing a solar combined heat and power generation component to generate solar power and merge the solar power into a power grid on the one hand and generate hot water on the other hand to provide the hot water to users. A solid waste treatment component is used to sequentially carry out pyrolysis treatment and separation treatment on the domestic waste, extract useful substances in the domestic waste for utilization, realize recycling while treating the domestic waste, cool hot flue gas generated by pyrolysis of the domestic waste by using cooling water in a heat exchanger, connect the heated cooling water witha user end, realize recycling of the hot cooling water and collect slag materials generated after pyrolysis is completed, the slag materials can be processed subsequently and can be used as raw materials for preparing microcrystalline foaming thermal insulation materials, and recycling of the waste is realized.