The invention discloses a real-time vibration state monitoring system. The system includes a linear motor, a signal generating module for driving the linear motor to vibrate, a working parameters feedback module, a calculating module, an initial position recording module, and a signal control module. The system can control the amplitude of the vibrator by monitoring the vibration state of the vibrator in the linear motor and adjusting the drive signal; therefore, the effect to normal working or reliability of the linear motor due to oversized amplitude can be avoided. A monitoring method is also provided.