A mobile data collector with a keyboard, used to be combined with a mobile electronic device, includes a protective cover, a data reader, and a keyboard module. The protective cover has a bottom plate and a surrounding frame. The surrounding frame is disposed along the perimeter of the bottom plate to form a first accommodation space and a second accommodation space located at one side of the first accommodation space. The mobile electronic device is disposed at the first accommodation space. The data reader is located at a side of the bottom plate opposite to the mobile electronic device and is electrically connected to the mobile electronic device. The keyboard module is disposed in the second accommodation space and electrically connected to the data reader. Thus, the mobile data collector has an input interface for inputting or modifying related information, which enhances usage convenience.