The present invention provides a method of inducing insulin production in a cell by up-regulating a target gene involved in insulin production in said cell using an saRNA (short activating ribonucleic acid) which specifically down-regulates a target antisense RNA transcript present in said cell, wherein (i) said target RNA transcript is complementary to a sequence located on the coding strand of the target gene between 1000 nucleotides upstream and 1000 nucleotides downstream of the transcription start site of the target gene; and (ii) said sRNA is a single or double stranded RNA molecule up to 30 nucleotides in length comprising a sequence of at least 13 nucleotides which has at least 95% complementarity to a region of the target transcript. Also provided are certain saRNA molecules and uses thereof, particular medical uses, and induced cells and uses thereof.