In an illumination device, light emitted from an emission element is directed toward a second luminous flux control member by a first luminous flux control member of a luminous flux control member, and then toward the side and rear of the illumination device from the second luminous flux control member. The light is then caused to pass through a cover having a shape in which the ratio (R/O) of the distance (R) between P3-P4 in the Y direction to the distance (O) between P1-P2 in the X direction is greater than 0.33 and less than 1.2, and then the light is evenly distributed to the front, sides and rear of the illumination device.