A differential device (1) for a self-propelled wheeled vehicle, includes an input ring gear (2), two shafts separate from each other, two clutch mechanisms each including a first clutch member (3) mounted integral in rotation to one of the shafts, and a second clutch member (4) mounted freely rotatable relative to the shaft and capable of being rotated by the ring gear (2), the second clutch member being capable of being moved axially. Each second clutch member is provided with elements (44) for bearing contact with the other second clutch member, the elements for bearing contact being capable, in a first given angular configuration of the second clutch members relative to each other, of keeping the second clutch members in the engaged position, and the elements for bearing contact also being capable, in a second given angular configuration, of allowing the second clutch members to shift to the disengaged position.