A method performed by a motion vector encoding apparatus for encoding a motion vector includes: determining a first motion vector and a second motion vector relating to a current block to be encoded; determining predicted motion vectors of the first motion vector and the second motion vector, respectively; calculating a first differential motion vector and a second differential motion vector; the first differential motion vector corresponding to a difference between the first motion vector and the predicted motion vector of the first motion vector, the second differential motion vector corresponding to a difference between the second motion vector and the predicted motion vector of the second motion vector; and encoding the first differential motion vector and the second differential motion vector, wherein the first motion vector and the second motion vector have different resolutions.