A monolithic integration of a plenoptic structure on an image sensor is provided using material with low refractive index on the substrate of photosensors and arranging material with a high refractive index on the material with low refractive index to create the plenoptic microlenses. Plenoptic lenses are created directly on the substrate of photosensors. Photosensors with a high integration density are arranged at minimum distances to minimize inter-pixel interferences and on the integration density end having “deformed square” geometries on the vertices adjacent to a pixel of the same color, removing any photosensitive area from the vertices. The light efficiency is increased by structures of plenoptic microlenses at variable distances from the substrate, with more asymmetric profiles on the periphery, or pixels of different sizes and shapes towards the periphery of the sensor. Micro-objectives are produced by the creation of alternate layers of low and high refractive index.