Provided are a scalable monitoring apparatus and method for detecting a race when a multicore-based parallel program is executed. The scalable monitoring apparatus for race detection of a multicore-based parallel program includes a monitoring code inserting unit configured to add a scalable monitoring code to a source parallel program to generate a transformed source parallel program, a thread monitoring unit configured to generate a data structure of a thread generated according to execution of the transformed source parallel program, an access event selecting unit configured to inspect a race likelihood according to execution of the transformed source parallel program to select an access event, an access event storage unit configured to store the access event in a shared data structure, a power measuring unit configured to measure and store power data according to execution of the source parallel program, and a power analyzing unit configured to analyze the power data to determine whether an energy bug has been generated.