An image-pickup unit includes an image sensor and a color filter. Each filter segment of the color filter corresponds to one of a plurality of pixels of the image sensor, and the plurality of filter segments include first to Z-th (2L−1≦Z≦2L, where L is an integer equal to or larger than four) filter segments having spectral transmittances for transmitted wavelength bands different from each other among light from an object. Each pixel of the image sensor receives light of a plurality of wavelength bands. The plurality of filter segments are irregularly disposed.