A stereoscopic photography is provided, which includes a first image sensor, a second image sensor, a synchronization module, a combination module, a calibration module, and a stereo matching module. The first image sensor is utilized to capture a first image. The second image sensor is utilized to capture a second image. The calibration module is utilized to perform an image calibration and a horizontal rectification for the first image and the second image. The stereo matching module is utilized to calculate a distance difference between a reference pixel of the first image and a corresponding pixel of the second image. The stereo matching module compares costs of multiple pixels relative to the reference pixel in a pixel row of the second image in an interval manner. A method for performing stereoscopic photography and a stereo matching method are also provided.