A gold cluster catalyst is capable of promoting/controlling a chemical reaction with high catalytic activity and selectivity. The gold cluster catalyst has a carrier supporting clusters, each of which is an aggregate of a plurality of gold atoms, which can be obtained by providing the carrier supporting a plurality of gold cluster compounds and then processing the gold cluster compounds on the carrier, in which each of the gold cluster compounds is stabilized by an organic ligand and including a predetermined number of gold atoms. In the gold cluster catalyst, each of the clusters may have a particle diameter of 10 nm or less and be formed substantially only of gold atoms.