It is an object to provide a compound that can provide a molded article and a coating film excellent not only in solubility in an organic solvent, but also in miscibility with/dispersibility in a matrix resin, causing no aggregation in a matrix resin, excellent in surface modification property, and having high transparency. A fluorine-containing highly branched polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer A having two or more radical polymerizable double bonds in the molecule thereof with a monomer B having a fluoroalkyl group and at least one radical polymerizable double bond in the molecule thereof in the presence of a polymerization initiator C in a content of 5% by mol or more and 200% by mol or less, based on the total molar amount of the monomer A and the monomer B; and a resin composition comprising the polymer.