The present disclosure provides a system and method for automatically adjusting a position of a panel on a chuck. The system includes: the chuck having a front end sensor and a rear end sensor arranged respectively on front and rear ends of the chuck in a direction of carrying the panel, and also having an adjustment unit arranged in a central area of the chuck; and a central control apparatus configured to receive a front end trigger signal transmitted by the front end sensor, and judge whether to enable the adjustment unit to adjust the position of the panel on the chuck based on whether a rear end trigger signal transmitted by the rear end sensor is received within a predetermined period of time after the front end trigger signal is received. In this way, the position of the panel with respect to the chuck can be adjusted efficiently, thereby accurately judging a condition of carrying the panel, and thus preventing a machine station from falsely generating an alarm and halt.