There is disclosed a negative resist composition comprising at least: (A) a base polymer that is alkaline-soluble and is made alkaline-insoluble by action of an acid; (B) an acid generator; and (C) a basic component, wherein the base polymer at least contains a polymer including repeating units represented by the following general formula (1) and general formula (2) and having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000. There can be a negative resist composition hardly causing a bridge in forming a pattern and providing a high resolution and a patterning process using the same.