The invention relates to a method for inspecting, with the aid of a machine (1), transparent or translucent hollow articles (Aj) streaming past a series of monitoring stations each comprising at least one sensor (Ci) delivering an output signal (Si(j)) for each article (Aj) traveling past a sensor.According to the invention, the method consists in implementing at least one phase of assessing the setting of the machine consisting: in choosing compliant and defective reference articles (A′(j)), for each reference article (A′(j)), recording the output signals (S′i(j)) of the sensors with each of which are associated an identifier for the reference article concerned and an expected result (R′a(j)), in selecting together, during the processing of the signals, at least two recorded output signals [S′a(j)], [S′k(j)] corresponding to one and the same reference article, so as to obtain after processing, a result (R′j), and in comparing the result obtained by processing (R′j) regarding the defective or compliant character of each reference article with the expected result (Ra′(j)).