A nucleic acid aptamer capable of binding specifically to bisphenol A and a method of detecting and removing bisphenol A using the nucleic acid aptamer. The nucleic acid aptamer capable of binding specifically to bisphenol A has affinity for bisphenol A at nM concentration, and thus can detect even a very small amount of bisphenol A. Also, the nucleic acid aptamer can specifically detect only bisphenol A without showing affinity for other bisphenols, including bisphenol B having no difference from bisphenol A except for a single methyl group. Accordingly, the nucleic acid aptamer is effective in detecting and removing the environmental hormone bisphenol A which is difficult to detect by conventional methods.