An electronic component mounting apparatus includes two second linear-motion devices on each of which an image pickup device and a mounting head are placed so as to be movable in an X direction, a first linear-motion device for moving the second linear-motion devices in a Y direction independently of each other, in which the image pickup device is placed at such a position as to be contained within an X-directional width of the mounting head and moreover contained within a Y-directional total width of the mounting head and the second linear-motion device. Thus, since the image pickup region of the camera is contained within the moving region of the mounting head, there is no need for ensuring a moving distance taking into account only the camera's image pickup region, so that the moving-axis length of the second linear-motion devices can be reduced.