To provide a lithium secondary battery which suppresses a decrease in the charge and discharge efficiency during a battery storage test and which is excellent in maintaining the battery capacity after the storage test. There are disclosed a nonaqueous lithium battery, comprising: a positive electrode active material comprising a lithium-containing oxide capable of inserting and detaching lithium ions; a negative electrode active material comprising a carbon material capable of inserting and detaching lithium ions; and an electrolytic solution containing a lithium ion, wherein the surface of the negative electrode active material after initializing charging is coated with a compound derived from vinylene carbonate, and wherein a weight power density of the lithium battery is no less than 100 Wh/kg, and a method of producing a nonaqueous lithium battery comprising a step of sealing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode active material, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution using a sealed container, wherein a predetermined amount of vinylene carbonate is added into the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, and the initializing charging is carried out to form a coating on the surface of the negative electrode active material, the coating being derived from the vinylene carbonate.