A method for processing data of a received frame in a receiver of a broadband wireless communication system. The received data processing method includes extracting, from control information for data of one frame having multiple bursts, burst sizes of bursts constituting the frame and modulation scheme information applied to the frame; assigning burst identifiers (IDs) used for identifying the bursts, and assigning burst partial IDs to data concatenations having concatenation sizes based on the burst sizes and the modulation scheme information; forming, in a memory, burst regions for storing the data concatenations according to the burst IDs; dividing received data of one slot included in the frame into data concatenations based on the concatenation sizes, and decoding the data concatenations; and sequentially storing the decoded data concatenations in the memory according to a burst ID and a burst partial ID corresponding to each of the decoded data concatenations.