The medical image processing apparatus of the present invention includes: a three-dimensional model estimating section that estimates a three-dimensional model based on a two-dimensional image; a local region setting section that sets a plurality of local regions around a target pixel in the two-dimensional image; a shape feature value calculating section that uses three-dimensional coordinate data corresponding to the plurality of local regions and calculates shape feature values of respective voxels corresponding to the target pixel; a shape feature value selecting section that selects, as a shape feature value of a voxel corresponding to the target pixel, a shape feature value calculated according to one local region including an optimum three-dimensional coordinate data amount among the plurality of shape feature values; and an elevated shape detecting section that detects an elevated shape existing in the two-dimensional image based on a selection result of the shape feature value selecting section.