A substrate holding apparatus includes a base part and a support part that is formed on the base part and supports a rear surface of the substrate. A first circumferential wall is formed on the base part, has a first upper surface that opposes the rear surface of the substrate, which is supported by the support part, and surrounds a first space that is between the substrate, which is supported by the support and the base part. A second circumferential wall is formed on the base part, has a second upper surface that opposes the rear surface of the substrate, which is supported by the support part, with a gap interposed therebetween, and surrounds the first circumferential wall. A third circumferential wall is formed on the base part, has a third upper surface that opposes the rear surface of the substrate, which is supported by the support part; and surrounds the support part and the second circumferential wall. A fluid flow port is capable of supplying gas to a second space that is between the first circumferential wall and the second circumferential wall. A first suction port suctions fluid from a third space that is between the second circumferential wall and the third circumferential wall.