A photovoltaic device capable of suppressing reduction of the yield in production also when a transparent conductive film has small surface roughness is obtained. This photovoltaic device comprises a photovoltaic element including a transparent conductive oxide film having arithmetic mean deviation of the profile of not more than about 2 nm and a paste electrode, formed on the transparent conductive oxide film, containing at least a metal material and a resin material, while the resin material contains at least about 60 percent by weight and not more than about 100 percent by weight of epoxy resin.