A liquid crystal display element includes: electrodes that are formed upon a substrate, and include a mark electrode that is formed in a closed loop, an outer electrode that is arranged at a periphery of the mark electrode, and an isolated electrode that is surrounded by the mark electrode; an electrically insulating layer that is disposed between the electrodes and the substrate, and in which through holes are formed that correspond to the mark electrode, the outer electrode, and the isolated electrode; and a wiring layer that is disposed between the electrically insulating layer and the substrate, and upon which wiring is formed that electrically connects the outer electrode and the isolated electrode via the through holes.