A method of evaluating the Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) of an optical fiber by arranging the optical fiber at substantially zero tension on a surface, propagating prescribed evaluation optical signals along the optical fiber, measuring fiber Differential Group Delay (DGD) values in response to the evaluation optical signals, repeating at least once the acts of propagating and measuring, each time preliminarily inducing a change in a mode coupling of the fiber, and determining the fiber PMD on the basis of a calculated DGD average value. Changes in the polarization mode coupling of the fiber are induced by, moving at least a section of the fiber substantially orthogonally to the surface. An improved PMD evaluation apparatus includes a fiber arrangement surface adapted to have a fiber under test arranged thereon at substantially zero tension, and, operatively associated with the fiber arrangement surface, a fiber moving device activatable for moving the at least a section of the fiber substantially orthogonally to the fiber arrangement surface.