A device for cooling batteries, particularly of an electric and/or hybrid vehicle comprises a pair of compartments (1, 12) in communication with one another, including a first compartment (1) housing the batteries distributed among adjacent columns and a second compartment (12) housing at least a blower (14). One of these compartments (1, 12) has an air intake aperture (5) while the other compartment (1, 2) has a discharge aperture (5) for discharging the admitted air to the outside. The first compartment (1) is equipped with means for modifying the dynamics of the air passing through it, starting from an axial circulation of air along the columns of batteries.