An electro-optical device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and an electro-optical layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and having an optical characteristic changeable in accordance with an electrical field. The first substrate includes a substrate, an inorganic insulating layer, a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode spaced apart from each other, and an alignment layer. The inorganic insulating layer, the first pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode, and the alignment layer are arranged in this order from the substrate toward the electro-optical layer. The cover layer includes a first portion filling an area of the inorganic insulating layer between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode. The alignment film includes a second portion that is in contact with the first portion and of which a surface opposite to the first portion is a planar surface.