Disclosed is a microfluidic chip, including a chip upper cover, a chip lower layer, a membrane, a sealing gasket and a sealing ring. The microfluidic chip is provided with a sample storage zone, a droplet formation zone, a droplet storage zone, a droplet detection zone and a waste liquid storage zone. The sample storage zone, the droplet formation zone, the droplet storage zone, the droplet detection zone and the waste liquid storage zone communicate by means of a micropore or a micro-channel. The droplet formation zone is used to transform the sample phase into tens of thousands to millions of droplets, the droplets undergo the PCR reaction in the droplet storage zone, the droplet detection zone is used to perform optical detection on the droplets after PCR reaction, and the waste liquid storage zone is used to collect and store the detected droplets and continuous phase.