An edge system includes a plurality of first-layer circles and a second-layer circle, and a geographical area represented by the second-layer circle includes a geographical area represented by each first-layer circle, that is, the first-layer circles are deployed in the second-layer circle. Each first-layer circle includes a plurality of sites, the sites include an initial site and are also included in the second-layer circle, and the initial site processes a data operation request sent by a client in a first-layer circle including the initial site, and in the second-layer circle.