A device for an analogue modeling experiment of a geological structure under a hypergravity field of a large-scale centrifuge is provided. A bottom plate is placed on a basket of the centrifuge and mounted with screw rod components; screw rods are arranged in parallel with the bottom plate; diverters, screw rod supporting columns, sliding guide rails and a motor are arranged on the bottom plate; output shafts at two ends of the motor are respectively connected to the two diverters; the diverters are connected with one end of the corresponding screw rod; a fixed baffle plate is connected with the screw rods and is embedded with the sliding guide rails; a detachable baffle plate is arranged at a lower part of the fixed baffle plate and has a lower part connected with a swing baffle plate through a hinge; and a curved table is arranged on the bottom plate.