Some implementations of the disclosure relate to a method, comprising: obtaining, at a computing device, first video clip data including multiple sequential video frames, the multiple sequential video frames including at least a first video frame and a second video frame that occurs after the first video frame; inputting, at the computing device, the first video clip data into at least one trained model that automatically predicts, based on at least features of the first video frame and features of the second video frame, sound effect data corresponding to the second video frame; and determining, at the computing device, based on the sound effect data predicted for the second video frame, a first sound effect file corresponding to the second video frame.