Example embodiments include an electronic device and a method for operating an electronic device. The electronic device includes an ultra-wide band (UWB) antenna including directional antennas disposed on a rear surface of the electronic device and at least one omnidirectional antenna. The electronic device further includes a communication circuit configured to transmit and/or receive radio frequency (RF) signals of a frequency band designated to be used for UWB communication, through the UWB antenna, with an external electronic device. The electronic device further includes a processor configured to calculate a first distance value and a second distance value, and to determine, based on a distance difference between the first distance value and the second distance value, whether the external electronic device exists within a field of view (FoV) indicating a specified angular range with respect to the direction to which the rear surface faces.