A photovoltaic module packing box and a photovoltaic module package structure are provided. The photovoltaic module packing box includes a tray having an accommodation space; a support plate having an edge hinged to an edge of the tray, and the support plate is lapped on the tray; an airbag assembly arranged in the accommodation space; an air valve assembly connected to the airbag assembly by a pipeline; an enclosure frame connected to the support plate and configured to enclose, together with the support plate, a receiving space for photovoltaic modules, and the enclosure frame includes a fixation part and a movable part; the fixation part is fixed to the support plate with one side thereof configured as an open structure; the movable part is detachably connected to the open structure of the fixation part, and the movable part and the fixation part together form an annular structure.