The present disclosure provides embodiments for coding and decoding signs of transformation coefficients which is applicable, for instance, in image and/or video coding and decoding. In particular, a plurality of the signs are predicted and only a prediction error signal is embedded in the bitstream. The prediction error signal may have a distribution which can be efficiently coded with CABAC or another variable length (entropy) coding. In order to perform the prediction of the signs efficiently, the signs of a plurality of coefficients of a transformed image block are predicted based on a cost function including transformed difference between adjacent pixels neighboring the transformed image block and prediction of the adjacent pixels calculated based on a prediction signal of the image block.