A memory card access module and a memory card access method are provided. The memory card access method is applied to an electronic device. A processing unit of the electronic device accesses a memory card through a memory card slot. The method includes steps of: detecting whether the memory card supports a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) interface; when the memory card does not support the PCIe interface, controlling the processing unit to access the memory card through a data transmission path and performing data format conversion between a transmission interface and the PCIe interface using a memory card access unit disposed on the data transmission path; and when the memory card supports the PCIe interface, controlling the processing unit to access the memory card through a PCIe data transmission path that allows the processing unit and the memory card to transmit data through the PCIe interface.