A display substrate having an array of a plurality of subpixels is provided. The display substrate includes a base substrate; a pixel driving layer including a plurality of thin film transistors on the base substrate; a tuning layer on a side of the pixel driving layer away from the base substrate, thicknesses of the tuning layer being different in subpixels of different colors; and a plurality of organic light emitting diodes on a side of the tuning layer away from the pixel driving layer. A respective one of the plurality of organic light emitting diodes includes a hole injection layer, thicknesses of the hole injection layer being different in subpixels of different colors. The thicknesses of the tuning layer and the thicknesses of the hole injection layer are negatively correlated among the subpixels of different colors.