A composite negative electrode material, a method for preparing the composite negative electrode material, a negative electrode plate of a lithium ion secondary battery containing the composite negative electrode material, and a lithium ion secondary battery containing a negative electrode active material of the lithium ion secondary battery, where the composite negative electrode material includes a carbon core and a carbon coating layer, where the carbon coating layer is a carbon layer that coats a surface of the carbon core, and both the carbon core and the carbon coating layer include a doping element, where the doping element is at least one of element N, P, B, S, O, F, Cl, or H.