A dual-mode optical transceiver is disclosed. The dual-mode optical transceiver includes a receiver section configured to receive both coherently modulated and intensity modulated optical signals and to be optically switched between a first receiver mode for direct detection and a second receiver mode for coherent detection, and a transmitter section including a nested Mach-Zehnder Modulator or a polarization multiplexed quad Mach-Zehnder Modulator configured to be operated in a first transmission mode to output an intensity modulated optical signal and a second transmission mode to output a coherently modulated optical signal. In some implementations, the dual-mode optical receiver includes an optical switch configured to selectively direct a received optical signal down a direct detection optical circuit or a coherent detection optical circuit based on a control signal applied to the optical switch.