The chuck with locking device has a ratchet mechanism comprising a toothed ring with engagement teeth fixed to one of an outer casing and a base body. A ratchet pawl is coupled to the toothed ring when a locking control sleeve is in a locking position and the locking pawl is separated from the tooth ring when the locking control sleeve is in a release position. A release elastic element is arranged under compression between the outer casing and a locking ring. The locking ring is fixed inside a locking control sleeve. A cam groove is formed in the locking ring. A pin is inserted in the cam groove and in a hole formed in the base body. The locking control sleeve moves the locking ring between the locking and unlocking positions.