The present invention provides a method for image reconstruction using target attribute assisted compressive sensing, including an initializing step, a subspace partitioning step, an atom set updating step, a sparse coefficient updating step and an outputting step. The present invention further provides a system for image reconstruction using target attribute assisted compressive sensing. A technical scheme provided by the present invention will introduce auxiliary information capable of reflecting target features into subspace partitioning in a case of unknown sparseness of a small target image signal, thereby accurately and effectively selecting the most closely matching dictionary subspace, and realizing efficient and rapid reconstruction of the small target image signal.