According to one implementation, an image processing system includes a computing platform having a hardware processor and a system memory storing a software code including a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained using one or more semantic map(s). The hardware processor executes the software code to receive an original image including multiple object images each identified with one of multiple object classes, and to generate replications of the original image, each replication corresponding respectively to one of the object classes. The hardware processor further executes the software code to, for each replication, selectively modify one or more object image(s) identified with the object class corresponding to the replication, using the CNN, to produce partially modified images each corresponding respectively to an object class, and to merge the partially modified images, using the CNN, to generate a modified image corresponding to the original image.