This application has disclosed a method, a non-transitory storage medium and a battery grading apparatus for automatically grading a lithium-ion battery. The method comprises: 1) preprocessing a cell of the lithium-ion battery with formation and grading, obtaining measured current and/or voltage data of charging/discharging during the process of formation and grading, and preprocessing the obtained current and/or voltage data; 2) plotting the preprocessed data into a measurement curve, matching it with a pre-stored standard reference curve for charging and discharging, and calculating a linear distance, a square of the linear distance and a first order differential distance between the measurement curve and the standard reference curve; calculating weighted distances and weighted summation distances for the calculated linear distance, square of the linear distance and first order differential distance respectively; and comparing and matching the weighted summation distances with a preset threshold range for each grading level and outputting a matching outcome.