A method and a device for determining a data transmission scheme, where the method includes obtaining, by a wireless data terminal, first environment quality information of the wireless data terminal, determining, by the wireless data terminal, from at least two candidate data transmission schemes, a first data transmission scheme corresponding to the first environment quality information, where each of the at least two candidate data transmission schemes includes parameters used for communicating with user equipment, and setting, by the wireless data terminal, the first data transmission scheme to communicate with the user equipment.