A communication method and system for converging a 5th-generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of things (IoT) are provided. The disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security, and safety services. A shortened transmission time interval (TTI)-based downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmission method and apparatus for use in a wireless communication system.