A computer-implemented method for generating a 3-dimensional (3D) model to characterize and visualize debris. The computer-implemented method includes defining a bounding surface for one or more debris fields generated by an on-orbit breakup event. The bounding surface is defined by using an upper limit fragment spreading speed predicted by a breakup model and applying the upper limit fragment spreading speed in different directions to generate points on the bounding surface. The computer-implemented method also includes connecting one or more points on the bounding surface to maintain a single bounded 3D mesh. The computer-implemented method further includes applying color and/or transparency to the 3D model.