The present disclosure relates to a wheel driving device and a wheel driving method for a hybrid construction machine, in which in a construction machine having wheels, particularly, a hybrid wheel loader, by small-capacity low-speed electric motors, small-capacity high-speed electric motors, transmissions each having a clutch, and a control unit which are installed for all of the wheels each, the wheel driving device drives the low-speed electric motor during low-speed driving and drives the high-speed electric motor during high-speed driving by turning on and off the clutch during the low-speed driving and the high-speed driving, thereby reducing manufacturing costs of the wheel driving device, improving fuel economy of the construction machine, reducing abrasion of tires mounted on the wheels, improving durability of the tires, and ensuring traveling stability.