A housing device having a press-type locking and release structure includes a housing (110), a locking and release member (140), and a control element (150). The housing (110) includes two lateral walls (130), a breach (132) formed at each lateral wall (130), an elongated groove (134) formed along each lateral wall (130), and a pivot hole (136) formed at each lateral wall (130). The locking and release member (140) includes two arms (142) disposed in the two elongated grooves (134), a resilient element (160) disposed at one end of each arm (142), a connection element (170) connected to each arm (142), a fastening element (180) connected to each connection element (170), and a pivot (182) protruding from each fastening element (180). The pivot (182) is pivotally connected to the pivot hole (136). The control element (150) is connected to the two arms (142).